• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

When narrowly excavated in the urban area, the wall of backfill space is not only symmetrical but also asymmetrical. In this case, the horizontal stress induced by backfilling depends mostly on the wall asymmetry and the wall friction angle. Therefore, in this study, the model test in the laboratory was conducted to investigate horizontal earth pressure with depth considering various boundary conditions such as base width, wall friction, relative density of backfill, and wall angle. As the wall is smoother and wall angle is lower from the bottom, the results showed higher the horizontal stresses due to the increase of vertical stresses.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.637-644
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• 1997

Active young back-arc basin such as Mariana, Havre, Lau, Manus, East Scotia basins have asymmetric topography of two types in respect to the spreading axis. The arc-trench wing of Mariana Trough, Lau basin and Havre Trough are shallower toward the active arc, whereas those Manus and East Scotia basins are nearly symmetric to the opposite wings. The other asymmetry which shows the spreading axis deviated from the geographic axis toward the active arc is observed in each basin. Active young back-arc basins show a large variety of asymmetry rates ranging from the lowest East Scotia Basin to the highest Mariana Trough. The asymmetric topography of these young back-arc basins seems to be caused by the rollback rate of downgoing slab under the basin. As the rollback rate increases, the asymmetry rate systematically decreases.