• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.253-261
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• 2015

The chemical water quality and fish assemblage of Dong Stream to assessment of environmental improvement after discharge seawater were investigated from July to December 2013. BOD and DO were significantly different between before and after discharge seawater, while pH and SS did not significant. A total of 11 fish species, 218 individuals and 10,525.1g were collected. Dominant fish species were Mugil cephalus, Konosirus punctatus, Acanthogobius flavimanus and Leiognathus nuchalis which account for 77.5% of total individuals collected, and they were estuarian species. Peak number of species and individuals, and biomass occurred in September, whereas diversity index were highest in November. The water ecosystem of Dong Stream have been changed estuarian environment. As a result of stream assessment on water quality and ecosystem, water quality have been improved as 'III' grade. These results suggested that stream restoration policies such as drain pipes maintenance, management of pollution sources and riverbed dredging to improve environment and recover habitate of Dong Stream were need for set up and establishment of regular monitoring system.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2014

This work aims to establish the landscape ecological countermeasures to improve the sustainability of urban mountain forest and to enrich the biodiversity in twenty mountains of the Seoul Metropolitan City. Landscape ecological analysis was conducted based upon various criteria, such as area and elevation of mountains, flora, naturalized plants, vegetation, forest types, mountain trails, and public facilities. Various measures were suggested for the better maintenances of floristic diversity, introduced plants, vegetation and forest types of urban mountain forests. Sustainable recommendations for land use adminstration were developed for the preparations of a climate change-adapted urban mountain forests, as well as rational managements of ecosystem, walking trails, and public facilities within mountain forest. Rich and diverse natural vegetation as well as high floristic diversity were reported at mountains with higher elevations, larger area size, and rich landscape diversity. Mountains with low elevation, small size with easy public access, however, might require an urgent action to decrease the burdens by anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.107-117
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• 2013

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2011

To protect water pollution and scarcity in lake and river, water quality monitoring applications have become important tools to understand the change of aquatic ecosystem. KLEON (Korean Lake Ecological Observatory Network) is designed to manage and share the ecological observations. The various kinds of water quality and phytoplankton observations are collected from the selected observatories such as seven lakes/rivers/wetlands. To deeply understand the collected observations with weather, KLEON also manages the observatory information such as lake, dam, floodgate, and weather. The accumulated observation and analyzed results are used to improve the water quality index of the observatories and encourage the ecologists' cooperation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.345-351
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• 2015

This study was conducted to find out the methodology of carbon budget assessment among soil, atmosphere and plant. Soil respiration, net ecosystem productivity of herbs and net ecosystem productivity of woody plants have been measured in 30 years old pear orchard at Naju. Closed Dynamic Chamber (CDC) method was used to measure soil respiration and net ecosystem productivity of herbs. Net ecosystem productivity of woody plant (pear) was determined by eddy covariance method using the EddyPro (5.2.1) program. As for soil respiration, $429.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$ was released to atmosphere and sensitivity of soil temperature ($Q_{10}$) was 2.3. In case of herbs, respiration was superior to photosynthesis during measurement period. From 20 to 24 Jun 2015, the sum of absorbed and released $CO_2$ by herb's photosynthesis and respiration was $156.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$. Woody plants showed the $680.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$ of absorption by photosynthesis. In a farm scale, the sum of soil respiration, and net ecosystem productivity of herbs and woody plants was $0.04tonCO_2ha^{-1}$ during the measurement period, and it showed that pear orchard act as a $CO_2$ sink. This study using various approaches is expected to present a methodology for evaluating the carbon budget of perennial woody crop plantations.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.877-886
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• 2022

This study was carried out to analyze how the flow and water quality of the Sangsa Lake (juam control basin) change according to future climate change and what countermeasures are needed. Aquatic Ecosystem Model) was used in conjunction. As climate change scenarios, RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios of AR5 (5th Assessment Report) according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used. For the climate change scenario, detailed data on the Sangsa Lake basin were used by the Korea Meteorological Administration, and after being evaluated as a correction and verification process for the 10-year period from 2012 to 2021, the present, 2025-2036, 2045- The summer period from June to August and the winter period from December to February were analyzed separately for each year by dividing it into 2056 and 2075-2086. RCP 8.5 was higher than RCP 4.5 as an arithmetic mean for the flow rate of the watershed of the superior lake for the entire simulation period, and TN and TP also showed a tendency to be higher at RCP 4.5. However, in RCP 8.5, the outflow of pollutants decreased during the dry season and the outflow of pollutants increased during the summer, indicating that the annual pollutant outflow was concentrated during the flood season, and it is analyzed that countermeasures are needed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-232
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• 2009

The geographical distribution of freeze risk determines the latitudinal and altitudinal limits and the maximum acreage suitable for fruit production. Any changes in its pattern can affect the policy for climate change adaptation in fruit industry. High-definition digital maps for such applications are not available yet due to uncertainty in the combined responses of temperature and dormancy depth under the future climate scenarios. We applied an empirical freeze risk index, which was derived from the combination of the dormancy depth and threshold temperature inducing freeze damage to dormant buds of 'Changhowon Hwangdo' peach trees, to the high-definition digital climate maps prepared for the current (1971-2000), the near future (2011-2040) and the far future (2071-2100) climate scenarios. According to the geospatial analysis at a landscape scale, both the safe and risky areas will be expanded in the future and some of the major peach cultivation areas may encounter difficulty in safe overwintering due to weakening cold tolerance resulting from insufficient chilling. Our test of this method for the two counties representing the major peach cultivation areas in South Korea demonstrated that the migration of risky areas could be detected at a sub-grid scale. The method presented in this study can contribute significantly to climate change adaptation planning in agriculture as a decision aids tool.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2021

Urban development is continuously being carried out to stabilize housing supply. The importance of ecosystem services assessments considering the various urban spatial structures is emerging as land use change in the wake of urban development has impact on the provision of ecosystem services. However, few studies are available as to the effects of land use transition in agricultural land due to urban development on ecosystem services. The purpose of this study is to examine the applicability of decision-making in the urban planning process by analyzing the impact of land use change on ecosystem services due to urban development. Therefore, the scenario was set on before and after the city development, targeting Namyangju Wangsuk Zone 1 and InVEST model was used to compare and analyze changes in value of ecosystem services. Analysis results of ecosystem services before the urban development, it turned out that habitat quality and water yield increased overtime but carbon storage and crop production decreased. Analysis results of ecosystem services after the urban development indicated that all items in ecosystem services by scenario decreased more than in 2018. Among the scenarios of urban development, compact city had the lowest value of water resource supply but had the highest value in terms of habitat quality, carbon storage amount, and crop production. The study results demonstrate that the compact city has positive effects on ecosystem services and is expected to be used as the basic data for supporting policy decision-making in the establishment of future urban development and management plans.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.420-431
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• 2015

As biodiversity and climate change have become main issues in recent times, the role of the forest ecosystem has been more important and forest conservation has been highlighted. The purpose of this study is to estimate forest area with high conservation values in Gapyung-gun by considering forest ecosystem services. The indicators of biodiversity, climate regulation, and water regulation were selected for assessment in this study. To assess biodiversity, habitat structural features and distribution characteristics of species were analyzed. Climate regulation and water regulation were assessed through analysis of carbon absorption volume and water storage. The result showed that, 50.1% of the forests in Gapyung-gun had high conservation values. The results were verified by comparing them with distribution tendencies of other environmental maps, which represent forest ecological values, and showed similar distribution tendencies. The study was conducted on only Gapyung-gun in Korea; however, the methods used in this study could be utilized for assessment of other areas to identify forests with high conservation values.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.199-205
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• 2011

The Saemangeum embankment construction have changed the flowing on the topography of the coastal marine environment. However, the variety of ecological factors are changing from outside of Saemangeum embankment area. The ecosystem of various marine organisms have led to changes by sea surface temperature. The aim of this study is to monitoring of sea surface temperature(SST) changes were measured by using thermal infrared satellite imagery, MODIS and Landsat. The MODIS data have the high temporal resolution and Landsat satellite data with high spatial resolution was used for time series monitoring. The extracted informations from sea surface temperature changes were compared with the dyke to allow them inside and outside of Saemangeum embankment. The spatial extent of the spread of sea water were analyzed by SST using MODIS and Landsat thermal channel data. The difference of sea surface temperature between inland and offshore waters of Saemangeum embankment have changed by seasonal flow and residence time of sea water in dyke.