• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to gain an overview of the risk assessment and management system in the shipbuilding industry. Background: The use of risk assessment techniques has grown significantly in recent years. Method: Various references have been reviewed to evaluate risk assessment and management policy. Results: Adapting the risk assessment system has become an important approach not only to prevent industrial accidents but also to enhance the efficiency of works for shipbuilding workers. Conclusion: Risk assessment is an approved technology for operators to address larger hazards, and to ensure risks have been reduced to appropriate levels cost effectively. Application: These results can be used to provide baseline information for risk assessment and management policy.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2019

With the recent increase in the volume of liquid cargo transportation, there is a need for STS( Ship To Ship) globally. In the case of the STS mooring, the safety assessment should be conducted according to other criteria because mooring is different from the general mooring at the quay, but there is no separate standard in Korea. Thus in this study, STS mooring simulation and sensitivity analysis using OPTIMOOR program, the numerical analysis program, was conducted to identify the characteristics of the STS mooring. The target sea modeled the Yeosu port anchorage in Korea and the target ship was selected as the case of VLCC (Very Large Crude Oil Carrier)-VLCC. Through the numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis, the characteristics of STS mooring were identified. Also based on these results, we focused on establishing the standard for STS mooring safety assessment. Numerical simulation results show that the STS mooring safety can be changed according to a ship's cargo loading condition, pre-tension of mooring line, sea depth, encounter angle with the weather, and the weather condition. Additionally, the risk matrix is prepared to establish the safe external force range in the corresponding sea area. This result can be used to understand the mooring characteristics of STS and contribute to the revision of mooring safety assessment criteria.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1999

In this study, we individualize the clauses to sort out the troubled ones, draw up a interrelation model in order to visually organize the relations, and finally, suggest the desirable application idea. The interrelation model suggested in this study has been made based on the matrix method. On this matrix, we arranged the environmental factors on horizontal and vertical axis, and when we describe the relation of each factors, we set the horizontal axis as the base and divided the content into three grades : Fine, Medium, and Poor. In addition to that, we expressed those three grades into numerical value like 3 points for Level Fine, 2 points for Level Medium, and 1 point for Level Poor and then, we converted this numerical values into index numbers. We could classify the index numbers such as AS, PS, Q-index, P-index. AS is an index numerically shows the degree of giving environmental effect, PS is an index numerically shows the degree of receiving environmental effect, Q-index is an index shows the aggravate degree, and P-index shows the relation degree. The Q/P-index with large numbers has considerable effect on the environmental system, while the small numbered Q/P-index barely effect on the environmental system. Moreover, we classified the environmental factors into 5 levels(I~V) according to the relations between the Q-index and P-index. Level I is less affected by the environment and has more giving effect, while Level V is more sensitively affected by the environment and has more receiving effect, which we considered important. Therefore, we could come up with the result that if we consider the each level of factors when we evaluate the EIA, the result would be far more accurate and reliable since it contains mutual relation aspect of EIA. The suggested interrelation model in this thesis is presentable as one of those scoping system. We highly believe the need of scoping system in EIA and suggest the interrelation model as the alternative idea for scoping system.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.134-136
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• 2019

국제해사기구(IMO)는 2017년 해상 사이버 위험관리 지침(Guidelines on maritime cyber risk management)을 발표했다. IMO의 해상 사이버 위험관리 지침에 따라 각 기국은 2021년 1월 1일 이후 도래하는 첫 번째 연차심사 전까지 안전관리규약(ISM, International Safety Management Code)의 선박안전관리시스템(SMS, Safety Management System)에서 사이버 리스크에 관한 사항을 통합·관리 하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 해상분야의 사이버 보안 관리대상 및 위험요소를 식별하고 취약성 분석을 수행하기 위하여 IMO가 제시한 산업계 지침 및 국제표준을 근거로 해상분야의 사이버 보안 취약분야를 관리적·기술적·물리적 보안의 세 가지 영역으로 구분하였다. 또한, 리스크 매트릭스(Risk Matrix)를 사용하여 보안영역별 위험요소에 따른 정성적 리스크 평가(RA, Risk Assessment)를 수행하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2020

Baseline-category logit random effects models have been used to analyze longitudinal nominal data. The models account for subject-specific variations using random effects. However, the random effects covariance matrix in the models needs to explain subject-specific variations as well as serial correlations for nominal outcomes. In order to satisfy them, the covariance matrix must be heterogeneous and high-dimensional. However, it is difficult to estimate the random effects covariance matrix due to its high dimensionality and positive-definiteness. In this paper, we exploit the modified Cholesky decomposition to estimate the high-dimensional heterogeneous random effects covariance matrix. Bayesian methodology is proposed to estimate parameters of interest. The proposed methods are illustrated with real data from the McKinney Homeless Research Project.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.387-399
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• 2022

To study the seismic damage of masonry structures and understand the characteristics of the multi-intensity region, according to the Dujiang weir urbanization of China Wenchuan earthquake, the deterioration of 3991 masonry structures was summarized and statistically analysed. First, the seismic damage of multistory masonry structures in this area was investigated. The primary seismic damage of components was as follows: Damage of walls, openings, joints of longitudinal and transverse walls, windows (lower) walls, and tie columns. Many masonry structures with seismic designs were basically intact. Second, according to the main factors of construction, seismic intensity code levels survey, and influence on the seismic capacity, a vulnerability matrix calculation model was proposed to establish a vulnerability prediction matrix, and a comparative analysis was made based on the empirical seismic damage investigation matrix. The vulnerability prediction matrix was established using the proposed vulnerability matrix calculation model. The fitting relationship between the vulnerability prediction matrix and the actual seismic damage investigation matrix was compared and analysed. The relationship curves of the mean damage index for macrointensity and ground motion parameters were drawn through calculation and analysis, respectively. The numerical analysis was performed based on actual ground motion observation records, and fitting models of PGA, PGV, and MSDI were proposed.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a program outcomes assessment system based on Course Embedded Assessment for nursing education. Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the procedures of the developmental research method. Results: The major results are as follows. 1) The program outcomes were measured according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process. 2) The Course Embedded Assessment matrix was made according to program outcomes' weight, the curriculum-organizing principle, and achievement levels. 3) The Course Embedded Assessment rubric was developed in logical process, and consisted of a performance criterion, and rating scale. The content validity index of the Course Embedded Assessment rubric was 0.85. 4) An evaluation guideline and 12 documents were developed to facilitate the performance of the assessment system. 5) The average content validity index of the Course Embedded Assessment-based program outcomes assessment system was as high as 0.89. Conclusion: A Course Embedded Assessment-based program outcomes assessment system is more suitable for accreditation of nursing education than previous studies. Because this system evaluates the process of achievement as well as program outcomes, the results can also serve as immediate feedback to improve the educational process. Above all, this system facilitates that students check their achievements and strive to acquire core competencies in nursing.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2024

Hydrogen has been selected as one of the key technologies for reducing CO₂ emissions to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. However, hydrogen safety issues should be fully guaranteed before the commercial and widespread utilization of hydrogen. Here, a bow-tie risk assessment is conducted for the hydrogen fuel supply system in a gas turbine power plant, which can be a mass consumption application of hydrogen. The bow-tie program is utilized for a qualitative risk assessment, allowing the analysis of the causes and consequences according to the stages of accidents. This study proposed an advanced bow-tie method, which includes the barrier criticality matrix and visualized maps of quantitative risk reduction. It is based on evaluating the importance of numerous barriers for the extent of their impact. In addition, it emphasizes the prioritization and concentrated management of high-importance barriers. The radar chart of a bow tie allows the visual comparison of risk levels before/after the application of barriers (safety measures). The risk reduction methods are semi-quantitatively analyzed utilizing the criticality matrix and radar chart, and risk factors from multiple aspects are derived. For establishing a secure hydrogen fuel storage system, the improvements suggested by the bow-tie risk assessment results, such as 'Ergonomic equipment design to prevent human error' and 'Emergency shutdown system,' will enhance the safety level. It attempts to contribute to the development and enhancement of an efficient safety management system by suggesting a method of calculating the importance of barriers based on the bow-tie risk assessment.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.270-277
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to classify and state of evaluating objectives using three-dimensional assessment framework of science inquiry. The first, as an attempt to provide a theoretical base for developing an assessment framework taxonomies and classificatory schemes of educational objectives were analyzed Bloom's taxonomy, Klopfer's specification, NAEP(National Assessment of Educational Progress), and APU(Assessment of Performance Unit) framework. The second, three-dimensional assessment framework use in this study has formed a clear definition of three-dimensional matrix. These three dimensions consists of content, context and process. The third, the model of three-dimensional taxonomy of science inquiry developed in this study is presented. In addition, an example of classification and statement of evaluating objectives based on the model is presented.

• 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 매트릭스 형태로 구성된 키보드의 다이나믹 스캐닝 검출에 있어 눌리는 키의 수에 제한 없이 모든 키를 감지하는 n-키 롤-오버를 구성할 수 있는 소프트웨어 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 제시한 알고리즘은 컴퓨터 키보드 제어용 마이크로컨트롤러의 타이머 인터럽트를 이용하므로 일정하고 정확한 검출 간격을 얻을 수 있으며, 정확한 디바운스 시간을 부여할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 제시한 알고리즘의 효과를 확인하기 위해 건반 형태로 구성된 장난감 키보드에 마이크로컨트롤러를 접속하고 실험을 진행하였으며, 실험 결과 동시에 눌리는 키의 수에 관계없이 모든 키에 대한 검출이 정확히 이루어짐을 확인하였다.