• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.651-655
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• 1995

A simulation study on detection of linkage between genetic markers and QTL in backcross design was conducted. The effects of various sample sizes and the degree of QTL dominance on detention of linkage were examined by using a simple regression analysis. The results indicated that as sample size increased, the standard error of the estimated slope became smaller. When the dominance effect of QTL was complete, the estimated slope tended to be negative but was statistically not significant at all with type I error of greater than 50%. With complete linkage between genetic Marker and QTL, the estimated intercept value was smallest but the estimated slope was largest as expected. In most cases with various degree of dominance and sample sizes, when the actual recombination rate became larger, greater values were obtained for the slope except in the case of complete dominance of QTL.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3889-3892
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• 2012

Aims: The purposes of this study were to (1) to identify the causes of cancer in breast cancer survivors in Taiwan; and (2) to investigate the influence of demographic characteristics and breast cancer-related factors on the cause of cancer. Materials and method: This study details the related investigative results on survivors with breast cancer using a descriptive and correlational design. A convenience sampling approach was employed. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the participants. Results: A total of 230 breast cancer survivors completed the questionnaire. Low-scoring cause of cancer participants were older adults (OR = 2.49, p<0.05) who were already of menopausal status (OR = 2.28, p < 0.05). Around 72% of particpants agreed high responsibility. Our breast cancer survivors felt stress had caused their breast cancer. Conclusion: These findings are helpful in understanding the relationship between cause of cancer and related factors in breast cancer survivors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4041-4047
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• 2013

Cancer vaccine development is in the process of becoming reality in future, due to successful phase II/III clinical trials. However, there are still problems due to the specificity of tumor antigens and weakness of tumor associated antigens in eliciting an effective immune response. Computational models to assess the vaccine efficacy have helped to improve and understand what is necessary for personalized treatment. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of activation of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, decreased TREG number functionality and antigen cascade, so that overall improvement in vaccine efficacy and disease free survival can be attained. T cell epitomic based in sillico approaches might be very effective for the design and development of novel cancer vaccines.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1993

This study ws prepared to evaluate sensory characteristics about appearance, color, texture and overall acceptability of rice extrudate with added glycerin fatty acid ester by balance incomplete block design. According to evaluated mean of adjusted treatments, appearance and color were represented maximum value in rice extrudate with added 3.0% and 1.0% glycerin fatty acid ester respectively. Extrudate with added 1.5% emulsifier revealed best texture and overall acceptability among whole treatments. On the results of this research about sensory characteristics, extrudate with added 1.5% glycerin fatty acid ester was considered excellent because of highest score of texture and overall acceptability, and predominent score of appearance and color.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 1993

Jung-Pyun is a traditional steamed rice bread made of fermented rice dough. A series of the Jung-Puyn samples were prepared according to the experimental design of five factors. Factors were fermentation sources(milky rice wine, activated yeast), weight of added water(60, 65, 70, 75% of rice powder), fermentation temperature(30$^{\circ}C$, 40$^{\circ}C$), fermentation times(2,3,4,5,6,12hours) and weight of added baking powder(1, 2% of rice powder). Trained panels judged the steamed rice bread samples to determine the effects of these factors on the sensory characteristics. The results of sensory evaluation revealed that the most preferable steamed rice bread on the overall eating quality was at the 70% adding water and 1% baking powder, 30$^{\circ}C$ for 5 hours incubation made by 1% addition of yeast.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1511-1514
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• 2012

Epistasis that may explain a large portion of the phenotypic variation for complex economic traits of animals has been ignored in many genetic association studies. A Baysian method was introduced to draw inferences about multilocus genotypic effects based on their marginal posterior distributions by a Gibbs sampler. A simulation study was conducted to provide statistical powers under various unbalanced designs by using this method. Data were simulated by combined designs of number of loci, within genotype variance, and sample size in unbalanced designs with or without null combined genotype cells. Mean empirical statistical power was estimated for testing posterior mean estimate of combined genotype effect. A practical example for obtaining empirical statistical power estimates with a given sample size was provided under unbalanced designs. The empirical statistical powers would be useful for determining an optimal design when interactive associations of multiple loci with complex phenotypes were examined.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.128-146
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• 2014

Incentives are often included in survey design because they are known to improve response rates, at least moderately. This paper describes the changes in the response rates when incentives were introduced into a longitudinal survey. The National Survey of Student Engagement was conducted annually at Indiana University Bloomington from 2000 through 2012. In 2010, incentives were introduced in an attempt to reverse the declining response rates. The incentives performed as expected, raising the AAPOR Response Rate 3 from 24% in 2009 to 36% in 2010. From 2010 through 2012, different types of incentives were tried but the response rates did not change substantially. The results from the changes in incentives can help survey practitioners decide the number and types of incentives that might be used effectively to increase response rates.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.276-279
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• 2001

The effect of helminthiasis on zinc metabolism was monitored using endogenous $^{65}Zn$ after intraperitoneal injection of 1 g of $^{65}Zn$ as zinc chloride. In the first experiment zinc turnover was investigated in 18 male weanling rats, which were randomly divided into 3 groups. One group was infected with 73 third stage larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis per gram body weight ; the other groups were the pair-fed and ad lib-fed controls. The route of loss of zinc was investigated in the second experiment with the same design using 18 animals with a lower dose of infection (33 larvae per gram body weight). The biological half life of endogenous $^{65}Zn$ was lower (p<0.05) in the infected group as compared to the controls. In the later phase of infection (9th to 16th day) there was reduced retention of $^{65}Zn$ and increased loss (p<0.05) of $^{65}Zn$ from the body though urine and faeces. It was concluded that infection of N. brasiliensis was accompanied by increased loss of endogenous Zn through faeces and urine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1655-1659
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• 2016

Celecoxib, a selective inhibitor of COX-2, showed cytotoxic effects in many cancer cell lines including cervical cancer cells. This study investigated the effect of celecoxib on cell cycle arrest in HeLa cervical cancer cells through p53 expression. In vitro anticancer activity was determined with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. A double staining method was applied to investigate the mechanism of cell death, cell cycling was analyzed by flow cytometryand immunocytochemistry was employed to stain p53 expression in cells. Celecoxib showed strong cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis with an $IC_{50}$ value of $40{\mu}M$. It induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase by increasing level of p53 expression on HeLa cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.969-974
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• 2012

Mammography utilization is low in Iran compared with other countries. Here a cross-sectional survey design was used to investigate psycho-social and individual factors associated with mammography among 400 women asymptomatic of breast cancer. The study was carried out at the four outpatient clinics of Tehran during the period from July through October, 2009. We found that mammography screening was related to higher self-efficacy and women's occupation. Future tailored interventions on potential psycho-social determinants and specific demographic factors are critical in increasing mammography screening rates among Iranian women.