• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.299-304
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• 1995

Paranotodelphys villosus Ooishi, 1963, a symbiotic Copepoda, recovered from the ascidian, Ascidia sydneiensis samea (Oka) is reported from the East Sea, Korea.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.553-553
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• 1997

One new copepod species (Doropygus hoi n. sp.) is described based on specimens taken from solitary ascidians collected from the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the South Sea. Doropygus pinguis Ooishi, 1962 taken from solitary ascidians, Styela plicata (Lesueur) and Boltenia echinata (Linnaeus), collected from 8 localities of the South Sea and the East Sea are redescribed.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.125-145
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• 1995

The study on the classification of the Chindo Islands ascidians was conducted by collecting the specimens from five localities in July and November, 1994 and the previous records. The ascidians were classified into 7 families, 11 genera and 16 species. They are all known species in Korean waters. Among them nine species were found to be new to the Chindo Is. From the standpoint of water forms, the composition of the ascidians from Chindo Is. is made up of three elements, viz., temperate (8species, 50%), temperature-tropical (7 species, 44%) and tropical (1 species, 6%) . A boreal water species and boreal-temperature species were not found . It may be attributable to the fact that the water of this area is warm because of Kuroshio Water Current.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.543-563
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• 1997

One new copepod species (Doropygus hoi n. sp.) is described based on specimens taken from solitary ascidians collected from the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the South Sea. Doropygus pinguis Ooishi, 1962 taken from solitary ascidians, Styela plicata (Lesueur) and Boltenia echinata (Linnaeus), collected from 8 localities of the South Sea and the East Sea are redescribed.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.391-413
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• 1998

Three notodelphyid copepods, Doropygus curvipes Gotto, Notodelphys agilis villosus Ooishi and Bonnierilla curvicaudata Ooishi are redscribed, based on the specimens taken from the solitary ascidians in Korea. Accordingly, Korean cope associated with ascidians now includes 11 described species.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.289-304
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• 1996

Notodelphyid copepods taken from Ascidians, Ascidia samea (Oka) and Ascidia sp. which had been collected in the East sea and the Korea Strait are reported. These copepods are Lonchidiopsis hartmeyeri Vanh ffen, 1917 and Pachypygus curvatus Ooishi 1961, and are redescribed as new records to the Korea fauna.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 1998

Two species of notodelophyid copepods, Doroixys uncinata Kerschner, 1879 and Dorophygus rigidus Ooishi, 1962 are redescribed on the basis of the specimens taken from the ascidians deposited at the Department of Biological Science, Ewha Womans University. The former species were taken from the test of the commpound ascidian Aplidium glabrum(Verrill), and the latter from the body cavity of the solitary ascidians Cnemidocarpa irene(Hartmeyer) and Stylea tokiokai Nishikawa.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-76
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• 1989

In order to carry out a systematic study of ascidians in Cheju Island, the authors identified and classified specimens collected from 11 sites around Cheju Island from December 1 1969 to January 1989. Using the information gathered from this study as well as previous s studies, the authors prepared a detailed list of the ascidians of Cheju Island. A As a result of this study, the ascidians of Cheju Island are 50 species in 10 families. Among them, 3 species (Dideηmum apersum, Didemnum translucidum, Botrylloides perspicuum) had not previously been known to exist in Korean waters. Description and drawings of these three species are presented in this report. It was also discovered that ten of the fifty species are found only in the Cheju Island area. The fifty species recorded in the Cheju Island area account for 68% of the seventy three species recorded from all Korea. Classifying them by t the temperature of the water where they are found, the authors found the following: one cold water species (2% of the total), seven cold-temperate water species (14%), thirty eight warm-temperate water species (76%) and four tropical water species (8%)

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2011

The edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi is a commercially important fisheries resource in Korea. However, for the last several years, outbreaks of mass mortalities of the species have been occurring along the south and east coasts of Korea, where most ascidians are produced. Although it is known that tunic-softness syndrome is associated with these mortality events, the agent causing the syndrome has not yet been confirmed. To determine the agent causing tunic-softness syndrome, healthy and diseased ascidians were collected in March 2011 from Tongyeong, on the south coast of Korea, and were used for biological and pathological investigations. The results showed that diseased ascidians exhibited remarkably reduced body fluid, fatness index, and tunic index compared with healthy specimens. Interestingly, bi-flagellated protozoans were observed specifically in the tissue imprints and tunic cultures of diseased ascidians at an occurrence rate of 97.5%. Histological observation showed that the thickness of the tunics of diseased ascidians was reduced by half, and irregular structure and breakdown of the tunic fiber bundles were observed. In particular, flagellate-like cells were observed in the diseased ascidians. Our study clearly shows that bi-flagellated protists are present only in the softened ascidians, suggesting that the flagellates are partly or entirely associated with soft-tunic syndrome. Accordingly, further investigations to verify the effects of the flagellates found in the present study on soft-tunic syndrome should be conducted.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.107-111
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• 1998

Two kinds of humoral factors were observed in 2 orders, 7 families, 10 genera, and 15 different species of Korean ascidians. They are the naturally occuring hemagglutinins and/or hemolysins against human erythrocytes A, B, and 0. All but two species showed aggregative activity, although there were considerable variations in titer. The weak agglutinating and lytic activities were increased in the presence of $Ca^{++}$. Much higher activities of agglutination and/or lysis were shown in the hemolymph than extracts from tissues, and a higher response was shown in adults than in juveniles. No distinct differences from collected locations were observed. The hemolymph of Ciona intestinalis showed a strong hemolytic (cytotoxic) and weak agglutinins capacities. In addition, hemolymph of Styela plicata and Styela clava clava also showed hemoagglutining and hemolytic activities. Botryllus tuberatus had hemagglutining and weak lytic activities. Other species showed only hemagglutining activity. These agglutining activities are probably responsible for carbohydrate recognition in solitary or colonial ascidian. The lytic activity is probably responsible for antibacterial defense and nonfusion reactions between allogeneic colonial ascidians, especially the genus of Botryllus. The occurrences of humoral factors in ascidians were independent of their geographic distributions.