• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.40-55
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• 1997

The purpose of this study are to examine the characters of the lower half body shape in the middle aged women and to make slacks patttern on the base of four difference body shapes as follows. The lower half body shapes were classified into 4 types on the basis of their lateral view silhouette, whose characters were summarized as followings. (1) "Type 1" meant the right body shape with the standard protrusion of abdomen and hips. (2) "Type 2" showed the body shape with prominent hips, which had the flat abdominal silhouette and the greatly curved hips silhouette. (3) "Type 3" was the body shape with the prominent abdomen and the flat hips, in which the frontal view silhouette of the abdomen was greatly curved and the rear view silhouette of hips is less curved. (4) "Type 4" was characterized with prominent abdomen and hips. The slaks patterns were based on the lower half body shape characters and resulted in followings. (1) In the type 1, little difference from conventional patterns was seen in experiment pattern, in which the front waist girth was W/4{\times}0.5cm+0.5cm+fold(2.5cm) and the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-0.5cm+dart(3.5cm). The front hip girth was defined as H/4+2.0cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-0.5cm due to its increased ease amount produced by abdominal fat deposition. (2) In the type 2 experimental pattern, the front and back differences of the waist girth and the hip girth were defined as 1.0cm and 2.0cm separately. Accordingly, the front waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+ 1.0cm+fold(2.0cm), the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-1.0cm+dart(6.5cm), the front hip girth H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. (3) In type 3, the front waist girth was set up as W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+fold (4.5cm) for the increased front fold amount and the back waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+dart(3.0cm). The front hip girth was made as H/4+2.5cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.5cm-0.5cm. (4) In type 4, considered were $\circled1$ the increased fornt fold amount due to the abdonimal protrusion, $\circled2$ the increased back dart amount and the decreased back dart length owing to the hips prominent and $\circled3$ the front and back differences of waist and hip girth for the lateral view silhouette. Therefore the front waist girth was defined as W/4+0.5cm+2.0cm+flod (5.0cm), the back waist girth as W/4+0.5cm-20.cm+dart(4.0cm), the front hip girth as H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. The sensory evaluation of appearance and comfort was appeared more suitable on the experiment pattern than on the conventional pattern.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2002

Synthesis of unsymmetrical trisannelated benzenes such as 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[l]phenanthrene (1c) and 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-decahydrobenz[e]-as-indacene (1d) is described. The synthetic approach involves efficient condensation of pre-formed enones such as bicyclohexyliden-2-one (3), bicyclohexyl-1-en-2-one (4) and bicyclopentyliden-2-one (5) in the presence of cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone using anhydrous $CuCl_2$ as a catalyst.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.A
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• pp.181-188
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• 2006

In this study, we analyzed the effects of several process variables on the removal efficiencies of NO and $SO_2$ by the dielectric barrier discharge process combined with photocatalysts. The $TiO_2$ photocatalysts were coated onto the spherical-shaped glass beads as dielectric materials by the dip-coating method to analyze the effects of photodegradation reaction on the NO and $SO_2$ removal. As the voltage applied to the plasma reactor increases, or as the pulse frequency of applied voltage increases, the NO and $SO_2$ removal efficiencies increase. Also as the residence time increases, or as the initial concentration of NO decreases, the NO and $SO_2$ removal efficiencies increase. The higher the amount of $TiO_2$ particles coated onto the glass bead is, the larger the surface area of $TiO_2$ particles for the photodegradation reaction is and the NO and $SO_2$ are removed more quickly by the faster photodegradation reactions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 1986

The dipole moments for some coordination compounds with organic ligands have been calculated adopting the molecuar orbitals obtained from EHT calculation with modified technique. Adopting the molecular orbitals with the modified technique, the calculated dipole moments for all the coordination compounds with organic ligands give closer agreements with experimental values than those using the molecular orbitals obtained from EHT calculation. The calculated dipole moments suggest that $(C_2H_5)_2SO,\;(C_6H_5)_2SO,\;and\;(C_6H_5)_2SeO$ may have a trigonal planar structure and $(C_6H_5)_3AsO,\;and\;(C_6H_5)_3PBCl_3$ a square planar structure and $(C_2H_5)_2OZrCl_4$ may be distorted markedly. This work may also indicate that the modified technique is superior to the EHT calculation as far as the dipole moment calculation is concerned.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.272-278
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• 2000

The antiinflammatory mechanism of NSAIDs is attributed to the reduction of prostaglandin synthesis by the direct inhibition of cyclooxygenase. Inhibition of prostaglandin production in organs such as stomach and kidney can result in gastric lesions, nephrotoxicity and increased bleeding. In this study, newly designed COX-2 inhibitors, synthesized 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives, were screened in vitro for selectivity of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition properties. Lead compounds in the structure-activity relationship were studied to synthesize new highly selective COX-2 inhibitors.13 determine inhibitory effect of COX-2, synthesized 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives were screened with accumulation of prostaglandin by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in aspirin-treated macrophages and murine macropharge cell. Some of synthesized 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives were shown to be effective as selective COX-2 inhibitory activity. Others exhibited a preferential inhibition of COX-2, although some COX-1 inhibitory activity was still present. As a conclusion, simple monomer derivatives were more active than dimer derivatives. Substitution of halogen (Br, C1) on the benzothiazine nucleus slightly enhanced inhibition activity.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.351-359
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• 1996

We have investigated the effect of hydrogen plasma on the formation of InAs QDs (quantum dots) structure by using a CBE (chemical beam epitaxy)system equipped with ECR (electron cyclotron resonance) plasma source. It is confirmed that the formation of self-organized InAs-QDs on GaAs is started after the growth of InAs layer up to 2.6 ML (monolayer) with the irradiation of hydrogen plasma while it is started after 1.9 ML without hydrogen gas and hydrogen plasma through the observation of RHEED patterns. Density and size of the QDs formed at $T_{sub}=370^{\circ}C$ are $1.9{\times}10^{11}cm^{-2}$ and 17.7 nm without hydrogen plasma, and $1.3{\times}10^{11}cm^{-2}$ and 19.4 nm with hydrogen plasma, respectively. It is also observed from the PL(photoluminescence) measurement on InAs-QDs that red shift in PL peak energy and broadening in FWHM (full width at half maximum)of PL peak caused by the effects of hydrogen plasma on the increment of size and its distribution. These effects of hydrogen plasma are considered as a act of atomic hydrogen which enhances the layer-growth of InAs on GaAs resulted from the relief of misfit strain between GaAs substrate and InAs.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.17
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• pp.241-247
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• 1997

A numerical model has been proposed for a diffusion flame reactor to manufacture ultrafine $TiO_2$ powders. The model equations such as mass balance equation, the 0th, 1st, and 2nd moment equations of aerosols were considered. The phenomena such as $TiCl_4$ reaction rate, $TiO_2$ nucleation rate and the coagulation of $TiO_2$ powders were included in the aerosol dynamic equation. It is found that the $TiO_2$ particle concentration becomes higher, as the inlet $TiCl_4$ concentration and the total gas flow rate increase, and also as the flame temperature decreases. The $TiO_2$ particle size increases, as the flame temperature and the inlet $TiCl_4$ concentration increase and the total gas flow rate decreases.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1978

The possiblity of mullitization from the domestic alunite by adding of $Fe_2O_3-MnO_2$, $Fe_2O_3-MnO_2-TiO_2$, $Fe_2O_3-MnO_2-CaF_2$, and $Fe_2O_3-MnO_2-CaF_2-TiO_2$ mixtures as mineralizers was studied at the temperature range between $1, 250^{\circ}C$~$1, 430^{\circ}C$. The modifying method of domestic alunite was performed by calcination, wet ballmilling, and washing with water. The following results were obtained; 1) When added of 3.0% $Fe_2O_3$ plus 1.0-1.5% $MnO_2$ to modified alunite, the appropriate temperature range of mullite-forming was $1, 350^{\circ}C$-$1, 400^{\circ}C$. 2) When added of $TiO_2$ as mineralizer, the mullite-forming temperature was higher than not added. 3) When added of $CaF_2$ as mineralizer, the synthesized mullite was resolve at the temperature above $1, 350^{\circ}C$.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.318-323
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• 2024

Regulation of cell fate and lung cell differentiation is associated with Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS)-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2), which acts as a non-enzymatic component required for the multi-tRNA synthetase complex. In response to DNA damage, a component of AIMP2 separates from the multi-tRNA synthetase complex, binds to p53, and prevents its degradation by MDM2, inducing apoptosis. Additionally, AIMP2 reduces proliferation in TGF-β and Wnt pathways, while enhancing apoptotic signaling induced by tumor necrosis factor-α. Given the crucial role of these pathways in tumorigenesis, AIMP2 is expected to function as a broad-spectrum tumor suppressor. The full-length AIMP2 transcript consists of four exons, with a small section of the pre-mRNA undergoing alternative splicing to produce a variant (AIMP2-DX2) lacking the second exon. AIMP2-DX2 binds to FBP, TRAF2, and p53 similarly to AIMP2, but competes with AIMP2 for binding to these target proteins, thereby impairing its tumor-suppressive activity. AIMP2-DX2 is specifically expressed in a diverse range of cancer cells, including breast cancer, liver cancer, bone cancer, and stomach cancer. There is growing interest in AIMP2-DX2 as a promising biomarker for prognosis and diagnosis, with AIMP2-DX2 inhibition attracting significant interest as a potentially effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of lung, ovarian, prostate, and nasopharyngeal cancers.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.193-203
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• 2000

Objectives : Hindered barrier function of vascular endothelium has been implicated in the initiation and progression of degenerative vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In this study, the effect of Sunghyangchungisan(SHCS) as a protectant against oxidant-induced destruction of endothelial barrier function was assessed. Methods : Toward this end, endothelial cells derived from the human umbilical vein were cultured as monolayers on permeable membrane filters. Endothelial permeability was monitored by measuring transendothelial electrical resistance and movement of low density lipoprotein (LDL) across the endothelial monolayer. Results : Along with increased movement of LDL, $H_2O_2$-induced increase in endothelial permeability was paralleled by a decrease in transendotheliaI electrical resistance. The effect of $H_2O_2$ was mimicked by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of proteinkinase C. Calphostin-C, a protein kinase C inhibitor, effectively blocked the increase in endothelial permeability induced by $H_2O_2$ or PMA, indicating that activation of protein kinase C is associated with the $H_2O_2-induced$ permeability change. SHCS effectively protected the endothelial monolayer against $H_2O_2-induced$ increase in permeability, whereas, it did not affect PMA-induced change. Forskolin, a potent activator of adenylyl cyclase, antagonized $H_2O_2$ to increase endothelial permeability. In addition, in ${H_2O_2}-treated$ cens, intracenular cAMP concentration was significantly decreased, indicating that impaired cAMP production as well as activation of proteinkinase C is a mechanism underlying ${H_2O_2}>-induced$$H_2O_2$ with regard to its effect on intracellular cAMP content. However, SHCS itself did not affect resting cAMP concentration in endothelial cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that SHCS might operate as an effective protectant against oxidant-induced destruction of endothelial barrier function. The mechanism does not appear to involve direct interaction with protein kinase C- or cAMP-associated signaling mechanism.