• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.500-521
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• 2021

Echocardiography, an ultrasound scan of the heart, is regarded as the primary physiological test for heart disease diagnoses. How an echocardiogram is interpreted also relies intensively on the determination of the view. Some of such views are identified as standard views because of the presentation and ease of the evaluations of the major cardiac structures of them. However, finding valid cardiac views has traditionally been time-consuming, and a laborious process because medical imaging is interpreted manually by the specialist. Therefore, this study aims to speed up the diagnosis process and reduce diagnostic error by providing an automated identification of standard cardiac views based on deep learning technology. More importantly, based on a brand-new echocardiogram dataset of the Asian race, our research considers and assesses some new neural network architectures driven by action recognition in video. Finally, the research concludes and verifies that these methods aggregating dynamic information will receive a stronger classification effect.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2022

Baengnyeongdo, located within the Asian dust stream, is an ideal place to analyze Asian dust moving into the West Sea due to its low emission of artificial pollutants. Baengnyeongdo is being used to analyze the vertical distribution of dust from the lower atmosphere to the upper layer through remote observation. This study compared the ground concentration of dust between Baengnyeongdo and the metropolitan area, estimated the lag time of transport of Asian dust from Baengnyeongdo to the metropolitan area, and examined the homogeneity of upper winds using the rawinsonde method. The results showed that the cross correlation coefficient was higher and the lag time was shorter for each observation station when the distance from Baengnyeongdo was shorter. The upper wind at Baengnyeongdo is dominated by the west/northwest wind. It is the basis for the correlation of dust concentration between Baengnyeongdo and the metropolitan area located to the east. In the future, upper wind data and Asian dust concentration data over the West Sea and Baengnyeongdo are expected to contribute to research related to the movement and prediction of Asian dust and preparation for Asian dust in the metropolitan area.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.280-294
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• 2023

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and millimeter-wave frequencies play key roles in supporting 5G wireless communication systems. They expand the field of wireless communication by increasing the data capacities of communication systems and supporting high data rates. However, short wavelengths, owing to the high millimeter-wave frequencies can cause problems, such as signal attenuation and path loss. To address these limitations, research on high directional beamforming technologies continue to garner interest. Furthermore, owing to the mobility of the UAVs, it is essential to track the beam angle accurately to obtain full beamforming gain. This study presents a beam tracking method based on the unscented Kalman filter using hybrid beamforming. The simulation results reveal that the proposed beam tracking scheme improves the overall performance in terms of the mean-squared error and spectral efficiency. In addition, by expanding analog beamforming to hybrid beamforming, the proposed algorithm can be used even in multi-user and multi-stream environments to increase data capacity, thereby increasing utilization in new-radio multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2024

This study is on modulo scheduling algorithms for multicore processor in machine learning applications. Machine learning algorithms are designed to perform a large amount of operations such as vectors and matrices in order to quickly process large amounts of data stream. To support such large amounts of computations, processor architectures to support applications such as artificial intelligence, neural networks, and machine learning are designed in the form of parallel processing such as multicore. To effectively utilize these multi-core hardware resources, various compiler techniques are being used and studied. In this study, among these compiler techniques, we analyzed the modular scheduler, which is especially important in one core's computation pipeline. This paper looked at and compared the iterative modular scheduler and the swing modular scheduler, which are the most widely used and studied. As a result, both schedulers provided similar performance results, and when measuring register pressure as an indicator, it was confirmed that the swing modulo scheduler provided slightly better performance. In this study, a technique that divides recurrence edge is proposed to improve the minimum initiation interval of the modulo schedulers.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.63-81
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• 2024

With the advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the metaverse has emerged as a transformative model across various sectors, offering a three-dimensional virtual world where activities mirroring the real world occur. This study delves into the significant factors influencing fashion brand companies' investments in the metaverse, an evolved concept from Virtual Reality (VR) that extends beyond gaming to include real-life activities through avatars. This study highlights the surge in virtual fashion engagements, as evidenced by increased avatar updates and purchases of digital fashion items on platforms like Roblox. Luxury brands are steadily entering the metaverse indicating a new revenue stream within the fashion industry. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating text mining and interviews to identify key factors for fashion companies considering metaverse investments. By proposing strategies based on these findings, this study not only enriches academic discourse in fashion, e-commerce, and information systems but also serves as a guideline for fashion companies aiming to navigate the burgeoning digital market, contributing to the generation of new revenue streams in the fashion sector.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2008

도시개발이 불가피한 상황에서 하천 생태환경을 안정적으로 유지하기 위해서는 인위적 간섭이 하천에 미치는 영향을 자세하게 살펴 볼 필요가 있다. 이 연구는 대전시의 갑천 유역을 대상으로 인위적 간섭이 도시하천에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 하천관리 방안을 찾아보았다. 갑천에 나타나는 인위적 간섭 특징은 첫째, 상류와 중상류 구간은 치수 중심으로 하천을 정비한 뒤 자연 복원되고 있으나 배후지역에 도시개발이 진행되고 있고 하천 정비가 계획되어 있다. 둘째, 중하류 구간은 배후지역이 시가지로 개발되었고 하도가 여가 공간으로 다듬어져 인공 하천으로 굳어 있다. 셋째, 하류 구간은 배후지역에 도시개발과 함께 하도를 정비하여 하천 지형과 생태계가 불안정한 상태이다. 지금까지 기술 공학 중심의 인위적인 하천 관리 때문에 갑천의 하천 지형과 식생은 파괴되었고 생태계 다양성도 잃고 있다. 앞으로 도시하천 관리는 첫째, 사람이 이용하는 공간보다는 하천이 자연 시스템을 유지할 수 있도록 하는데 초점을 맞추어야 한다. 둘째, 도시개발을 할 때 배후지역의 자연환경 특성을 고려하고 하천에 직접적인 영향을 주는 구릉지, 배후습지, 하도의 사력퇴적지와 습지는 보전해야 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2005

금강호에서 이화학적 수질과 미생물학적 수질을 월별로 측정하고, 조시기간 중 분리된 60균주에 대하여 16S rDNA를 증폭하고 부분석인 염기 서열 분석을 통하여 계통분류학적 분석을 하였다. 측정 결과 조사기간 중 수온은 $2\sim30.8^{\circ}C$, pH $3.9\sim9.14$, DO는 $5.04\sim14.95\;mg\;l^{-1}$의 범주에서 변화하였다. BOD와 무기영양염류($NH_4$-N, $NO_2$-N, $NO_3$-N, $PO_4$-P)의 농도는 금강 중류지역에 비해 비교적 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 종속영양세균과 총대장균군의 균체수 변화는 각각 $4.1{\pm}1.0{\times}10^2\sim6.7{\pm}1.1\times10^3\;cfu\;ml^{-1}$와 $0{\sim}2.3{\pm}0.6{\times}10^2\;cfu\;ml^{-1}$의 범주에서 변화하였다. 생리적 특성균으로 단백질 분해 세균, 전분 분해 세균, 지방분해 세균 및 셀룰로스 분해 세균의 분포를 측정하였다. 조사기간 중 셀룰로스 분해 세균이 다른 생리적 특성균에 비해 비교적 높은 값을 나타냈다. 분리된 60 균주는 16S rDNA 분석 결과 우점속은 Pseudomonas 속 20 균주로 나타났다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.216-237
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• 2017

온천의 온배수는 오래 전부터 전 세계를 통해 지질학, 육수학 및 수생태학에서 온도구배와 담수조류의 관계에서 많은 관심을 갖게 한 분야이었다. 반면에, 우리나라는 인공온천이 전국적으로 개발되었으나 아직까지 이에 대한 연구가 미진한 실정에 있다. 본 연구는 2015년 12월부터 2016년 9월까지 경기도 포천에 위치한 계류(부소천)의 최상류 구간 4개 지점(BSU (상류), HSW (온천폐수 방류구), BSD1~2 (하류))에서 부착조류 생태에 온배수의 시공간적 영향을 파악하고자 매월 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 온배수의 수온 영향권은 <1.0 km이었고, 동시에 N P 영양염의 주요 공급원으로 작용하였다. 그 영향은 저온 갈수기(12월~3월)에 우세하였고, 고온 풍수기 (7월~9월)에 약세를 보여 다소 계절적인 특성을 반영하였다. 이러한 환경에서 부착조류 군집은 총 59속 143종으로 구성되었다. 이 중에서 규조류가 21속 83종 (58.0%), 남조류가 9속 21종(14.7%) 및 녹조류가 25속 32종(22.4%)을 차지하였다. 또한, 상대도수가 >10%인 분류군은 총 24속 31종이었으며, 시공간적 분포는 수온 ($5^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$) 및 유속 ($0.2m\;s^{-1}$와 $0.8m\;s^{-1}$)과 밀접한 관련성을 가졌다. 그리고 연중 높은 수온을 유지하는 기초 환경에서 수중의 $PO_4$에 친화력이 크거나, $NO_3-PO_4$가 풍부한 하천 서식처를 선호하는 분류군이 우점하였다. 결과적으로, 부소천은 온배수에 의해 연중 과영양 및 과열 오염이 지속되어 국내에서 조사된 선행 부착조류 생태연구의 결과와 비교할 때 오염이 심한 상태로 평가되었고, 상 하류 간에 계절적으로 동질성 (하계~추계)과 이질성(동계~춘계)이 반복되는 역동적인 생태계로 볼 수 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.116-186
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• 1983

An epidemiological study on Clonorchis sinensis infection along the Nam-river (total length ; 186km) flowing in Gyeongsang-nam-do, southern part of Korea, was carried out. Formalin-ether concentration technique and Stoll's egg counting method were employed to figure out the prevalence of C. sinensis infection. For the detection of cercariae from Parafossarulus sp., the snail host of C. sinensis, each snail was placed in aerated tap water, and examined for expelled cercariae. For observing the metacercariae the fresh water fish favorably eaten in raw conditions wore prepared by means of pressing the muscles between two slide glasses and/or by digesting them with artificial gastric juice. The fresh water fish were fed to the rabbits to get the worms and to identify the morphology of adult C. sinensis. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Overall Prevalence of C. sinensis infection was 38.75 from 5,291 examinees; 44.15 (1,408 out of 3,196) in male and 30.4% (637 out of 2,095) in female. 2. The prevalence rates were 42.0% at the upper stream, 41.2% around the vicinity of Jinyanglake, 34.2% at Jinju city, 34.2% at middle stream and 40.3% at down stream regions, respectively. 3. By age, the highest positive rate (53.4∼54.3%) was observed in 30 to 59 years of age. In this age group, the rate in males was 59.7∼62.2%, and in females 42.2∼44.4%, In the age group of less than 19 years it was 7.5∼20.9%. 4. By social strata, the positive rate was 16.5% in the primary school children, 22.6% in school students, 46.2% in teachers and local officers and 49.6% in the general inhabitants. 5. The quantitative examinations with the stool collected from clonorchiasis cases revealed that the light infection (less than 4,000/EPG) was 53.6%, moderate infection (4,001∼10,000 /EPG) 30.3% and heavy infection (more than 10,001/EPG) 16.1%, respectively. More than half of total cases examined were light infection, and 73.2% of female examinees were lightly infected with this cuke. 6. The average value of EPG was 4,963 (male, 6,057; female, 2,557 and the highest value was obtained from the age group of 30 to 59 years (5,240∼6,454). 7. The prevalence of Metagonimus yokogawai infection in humans was 5.5%, and 89.8% of metagonimiasis cases wore double-infected arith C. sinensis. The highest prevalence rate was observed in Jinju city (11.2%). 8. Total of 5,005 Parafossarulus sp., the snail intermediate host of C. sinensis, were examined for the detection of cercariae. The cercarial expulsion rate was 0.34%, and the snails collected in Jin-yang-lake side and in the down stream expelled mainly the cercariae of C, sinensis. 9. About 788 cercariaejday (range: 127∼1,503) were expelled daily from a snail naturally infected with C. sinensis. The snails which released more than 1,000 cercariae/day were 30.8% out of total collected. A snail uniquely released 5,840 cercariae/day in this study. 10. The other trematode cercariae besides C. sinensis were also detected, and the rates out of total snails were the cercariae of Losogenes liberum 6.71%, Cyathocotyle orientalis 0.26%, Notocotylus attenuatus 2.52% and Mucobucaris 0.54%, 11. Ten out of 18 species of fresh water fish caught along the river harbored the metacercariae of C, sinensis. The highest rate of metacercarial infection in fish was detected in Pseudorasbora larva (85.9%). The fish mainly eaten by the inhabitants along the Nam-river, and the metacercarial infection rates were: Zacco platypus 8.0%, Hemibarbus sp. 18.2∼26.7%, Gnathepcgcn sp. 37.5%, Ischikauia steenackeri 42.9% and Pseudogobio esocinus 16.7%. 12. Out of 36 P. larva, the number of metacercariae were about 109 (ranEe; 18∼446) per fish and 27 per gram of flesh. The fish caught in spring harbored the highest number of metacercariae. As indicated above, the prevalence of C. sinensis infection in the inhabitants residing around the Nam-river was relatively high. The farther toward the upper stream areas, the higher was the positive rate of C. sinensis infection, and most of clonorchiasis cases were lightly infected. The snail hosts of C. sinensis distributed all around the Nam-river. Several species of freshwater fish were infected with the metacercariae of C. sinensis and the infection rates were relatively high. To prevent C. sinensis infection in the endemic areas, the effective health education system is suggested as a control measure, although mass treatment is also expected to be useful, using chemotherapeutic agents such as "praziquantel", a recently developed anthelminthic for C. sinensis inftraction.

• 생태와환경
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2010

본 연구는 창원천과 남천에서 각각 5지점, 6지점의 생태복원 전(2006, 2007)과 후(2009)의 물리적 서식지, 화학적, 생물학적 상태에 기초한 생태학적 상태를 분석하였고 복원 전 후의 생태 건강도를 비교평가 하였다. 하천의 이화학적 수질과 생물통합지수(Index of Biological Integrity, IBI)와 서식지 평가(Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index, QHEI)의 다변수 평가 모델에 기초하여 생태건강도를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 IBI와 QHEI의 모델은 각각 8개, 11개의 수정 보완된 메트릭을 적용하였다. 평가를 위해서 조사는 복원 전 2006년에서 2007년, 복원 후 2009년 실시하였다. 화학적 상태는, 두 하천 모두 상류에서 하류로 갈수록 전기전도도(Condutivity)의 값이 전형적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 복원 전후에 따른 수질변화 특성은 차이를 보이지 않았다. 창원천과 남천의 생태건강도 지수는 각각 평균 21.6, 19.7로 환경부 기준 C등급을 보였고, 복원 전 후 사이에 생태건강도 지수는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 복원 이후 남천과 창원천의 물리적 서식지 평가 결과 평균점수가 각각 29.2, 63.2로 특히 남천에서 복원 후 35.3점이 두드러지게 감소하였다. 서식지 교란은 2009년에 있었던 홍수에 의한 인공제방의 파괴(천변 식생대의 폭이 줄고 대기에 의해 하천 피복도가 높아졌다.)가 주요한 원인이었다. 종합적으로, 결과를 볼 때 복원 전 후 두 하천에서 효과적이지 않았으며, 비록 많은 예산을 사용하였지만, 환경으로 고려하지 않은 채 맹목적으로 이루어지는 생태복원은 하천 복원에 효과적이지 않을 수 있다고 사료된다.