• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2020

This study was conducted to the improvement of solar light-based artificial light supply system and effect of lettuce cultivation. The artificial light supply system was consisted of units such as light source, power, system measurement and controller. The light source supply was composed of a solar transmitter and an LED lamp. The power supply consisted of an leakage breaker, SMPS, LED controller and relay. The solar transmitter was made of a quartz optical fiber with optimal light transmission. Artificial light used white lamp among LEDs. System measurement and control consisted of touch screen, Zigbee communication module and light quantity sensor. The results of test confirmed that the LED light is automatically activated when the intensity measured by the light intensity sensor is 200 μmolm^-2s^-1 or less. Moreover, the leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content and root fresh weight of optical fiber treatment was hight than LED lamp treatment. Therefore, it can be inferred that the energy-saving solar light collector device can be effective in the indoor lettuce production. However, the use of LED lamp is also recommended to assure the availability of sufficient sunlight in cloudy and rainy days.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 1978

Present experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of cultivation of 9 edible wild species selected among the higher fungi growing in Korea. In the investigation on the mycelial growth according t6o the different media, the mycelial growth of Coprinus comatus was fast on the CSA medium, when malt extract was added to the basal medium PSA, the mycelial of Lapista nuda and Auricularia auricula-judae was fast in growth and density. In the spawning, the mycelial growth of Pholiota squarrosa on the oak tree's sawdust, Pleurotus cornucopiae on the broad-leaves' sawdust, and Coprinus comatus on the compost was respectably fast and also it shown to be possibility of artificial cultivation owing to their carporphore budding when Coprinus comatus and Lepiota alborubescens cultivated on the rice straw, Auricularia auriculajudae and Pleurotus cornucopiae on the sawdust of the popla and Pholiota squarrosaon the sawdust of the oak tree.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2017

Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus), which has invaluable medicinal uses, grows only on living trees. To date, it is still harvested from its natural habitat and is not cultivated artificially. We artificially cultivated chaga mushrooms by inoculating its sawdust spawns on Betula platyphylla var. japonica in 2007, and monitored mushroom growth on the inoculated trees for 9 years. The mushrooms grew less than 1 cm per year, with the largest mushroom growing up to 9 cm in the 9 years of study. There was no difference in the growth (diameter at breast height) of trees with viable and non-viable I. obliquus. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of chaga mushroom was successful. Our findings suggest that selection of large B. platyphylla var. japonica as host tree could lead to better I. obliquus productivity. Further improvements of the method are needed to increase the success rate of I. obliquus inoculation.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2002

Occurrence and characteristics of infectious fungi and physiologically abnormal Paecilomyces tenuipes were examined. These unfavorable fungi are recently known to cause yield loss, decreased quality of products in artificial cultivation farms of P. tenuipes. Total 529 fungal isolates were collected from 22 farms of 7 provinces. These isolates were composed of physiologically abnormal P. tenuipes strains and other infectious fungal strains, which constituted 23.2% and 50.9%, respectively. Physiologically abnormal P. tenuipes strains showed irregular synemata, and absence of local color. They were divided into 4 types or C-l, C-2, C-3 and C-4. Other infectious fungal strains were identified to 5 species, Beauveria bassiana, Fusarium sp., P fumosoroseus, Tricothecium roseum, Aspergillus parasiticus, which were 22.1, 13.8, 7.6, 4.0 and 3.4%, respectively. All of them were hyphomycetous fungi, did not produce synemata, and revealed faster growth rate than that of P. tenuipes.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2000

For artificial cultivation of Phellinus gilvus (Schw.) Pat we have conducted a study on cultural characteristics and condition of fruitbody formation. The optimum temperature was about $30^{\circ}C$ at pH $6.0{\sim}7.0$ for mycelial growth. Optimum sawdust media were oak sawdust+willow sawdust(5:5, V/V), oak sawdust+willow sawdust+rice bran (4.5:4.5:1, V/V) and oak sawdust+pine sawdust+rice bran(4.5:4.5:1, V/V) and, the spawn incubation period was about $25{\sim}26$ days. Mycelial growth in the inner portion of oak log was 200 mm after 60 days and duration for the first fruitbody primordia were formed about 90 days after inoculation.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2000

For artificial cultivation of Phellinus pini (Thore. Fr.) Ames, we conducted some study on mycelium growth and optimum condition for fruitbody formation. The optimum condition for mycelial growth was $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ at pH $5.0{\sim}6.0$. Optimum sawdust media were oak sawdust+willow sawdust+rice bran (4.5:4.5:1, V/V) and oak sawdust+pine sawdust+rice bran (4.5:4.5:1, V/V) and the optimum spawn incubation period was about $33{\sim}34$ days. Mycelial growth in the inner portion of oak log was 40 mm after 60 days and duration for first fruitbody primordia formation was about 110 days after inoculation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7990-8000
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• 2015

Plant factories are plant cultivation systems which produce farm products uniformly under the controlled environmental condition regardless of seasons and places. Thermal flow in the plant factory is an important parameter in cultivating plants. In this research, we study thermal flow characteristics for a hybrid plant factory with multi-layer cultivation shelves using computer simulation techniques. In order to obtain numerical solutions for thermal flow characteristics, a finite volume method was applied. We consider a low-Reynolds-number ${\kappa}-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model, incompressible viscous flows, and pressure boundary conditions for numerical simulation. Commercial software Solid Works Flow Simulation is then used to investigate characteristics of thermal flows in the plant factory applying several different inflow air velocities and arrangements of cultivation shelves. From numerical analysis results, we found that temperatures in cultivation shelves were uniformly distributed for Case 3 when the inflow air velocity was 1.6 m/s by using a blower in the plant factory. However in Case 1 lower temperature distributions were observed in test beds, TB2 and TB3, which indicated that additional temperature control efforts would be required. Average shelf temperature increased by $3^{\circ}C$ using artificial light source (DYLED47) with 50% blue and 50% red LED ratios. Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.

• Mycobiology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2022

Orchids live with mycorrhizal fungi in mutualism. This symbiotic relationship plays an essential role in the overall life cycle of orchids from germination, growth, settlement, and reproduction. Among the 1000 species of the orchid, the Korean lady's slipper, Cypripedium japonicum, is known as an endangered species. Currently, only five natural habitats of the Korean lady's slipper remain in South Korea, and the population of Korean lady's slipper in their natural habitat is not increasing. To prevent extinction, this study was designed to understand the fungal community interacting in the rhizosphere of the Korean lady's slipper living in the native and artificial habitats. In-depth analyses were performed to discover the vital mycorrhizal fungi contributing to habitat expansion and cultivation of the endangered orchid species. Our results suggested that Lycoperdon nigrescens contributed most to the increase in natural habitats and Russula violeipes as a characteristic of successful cultivation. And the fungi that helped L. nigrescens and R. violeipes to fit into the rhizosphere community in Korean lady's slipper native place were Paraboeremia selaginellae and Metarhizium anisopliae, respectively. The findings will contribute to restoring and maintaining the endangered orchid population in natural habitats.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.164-171
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• 2005

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, an edible green alga is farmed in Korea by natural blooming zygotes attachment. Experiments were conducted to reveal the conditions for artificial seed production of C. fragile by sexual and asexual reproduction. Growth was compared between zygotes attachment (sexual reproduction) and isolated utricles with medullary filaments (asexual reproduction). Zygotes and isolated utricles with medullary filaments were cultured under different light conditions (10, 20, 40, 60 and $100\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$) and temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$) under 16:8LD. Maximum growth of zygote was $261.3{\pm}21.0\;{\mu}m$ under $15^{\circ}C$ and $20\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ after 13 days culture. Maximum regeneration of isolated medullary filament was $8.1{\pm}1.7\;mm$ per one isolated utricle under $20^{\circ}C$ and $100\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ after 15 days culture. After intermediate culture during two months in the field, morphogenesis occurred in both sexual and asexual reproduction, and growth of young thalli was not significantly different (p>0.05) between the both reproduction methods. Even though seed production of C. fragile is possible in both sexual and asexual reproduction, the mass artificial seed production of asexual reproduction is much more effective than that of sexual reproduction that is too much affected by maturity.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2014

The olive fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) is the key pest for olive cultivation worldwide. Substantial effort has been invested in the development of the sterile insect technique (SIT) to control this pest. One of the limitations to develop SIT technology for olive fruit fly is the low ability of wild females to lay eggs in other medium than olive fruits, and their slow adaptation to oviposition in artificial substrates. In the present study, fruit grapes were used as an alternative egg collection medium to harvest eggs and young larvae from freshly colonized wild strains originating from France, Italy, Spain and Croatia. The larvae were allowed to develop into the fruits until the second instar, before they were extracted out and further reared on a standard artificial diet. Furthermore, F1 to F4 female flies were alternatively offered wax bottles to oviposit. Finally, the performance of hybrid strains created from crosses between wild and long colonised flies was assessed. The results showed that females of all 4 wild strains readily oviposited eggs in grapes and from the F2 generation onward, females from all strains were adapted to laying eggs in wax bottles. No difference was observed in eggs and pupae production among all strains tested. The findings are discussed for their implications on SIT application against olive fruit fly.