• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.483-493
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• 2020

Large cylindrical floating-roof tanks, constructed as oil containers, are usually distributed regularly in open area and easily exposed to severe wind loads. However, wind pressures around these grouped squat tanks appear to have not been clearly given in design codes or thoroughly studied in existing researches. This paper conducts a detailed investigation on wind loads on the external wall of a four-tank group in square arrangement. To achieve that, wind tunnel tests are carried out on both empty and full tank groups, considering various wind angles and spacing. Results show that 3 regions in elevation can be identified on the tank shell according to the circumferential wind pressure distribution. The upper 2 regions cover a relatively small portion of the shell where excessive negative pressures are spotted, setting an alarm to the design of the top angle and stiffening rings. By comparing results on grouped tanks to those on an isolated tank, grouping effects concerning wind angle, tank position in group and spacing are discussed. Deviations on pressure distributions that will compromise structural safety are outlined, including the increase of negative pressures, the shift of maximum pressure locations as well as the change of positive pressure range. And, several potentially unfavourable wind pressure distributions are selected for further analyses.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2022

This study newly records a deep-sea coral, Flabellum (Ulocyathus) deludens from Korea. The specimens were collected by trawling at a depth of 100 m off Jejudo Island in 2019. The newly recorded species is described and compared with the other similar consubgeneric species in detail based on morphological characteristics, including corallum size, calicular diameter, calicular edge, face angle, edge angle, and septal arrangement. Flabellum(Ulocyathus) deludens is characterized by its solitary, highly compressed, wedge-shaped corallite with a small cylindrical pedicel, radiating inverse chevron-patterned lateral stripes on thecal faces, highly jagged calicular edges, and hexameral septal arrangement in five cycles. As a result of this study, five species in the family Flabellidae have been recorded from Korea.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1453-1460
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• 2003

The present study investigates the effects of rib arrangements and aspect ratios of a rectangular duct simulating the cooling passage of a gas turbine blade. Two different V-shaped rib configurations are tested with the aspect ratios (W/H) of 3 to 6.82. One is the continuous V-shaped rib configuration with $60^{\circ}$ attack angle, and the other is the discrete V-shaped rib configuration with $45^{\circ}$ attack angle. The square ribs with the pitch to height ratio of 10.0 are installed on the test section in a parallel arrangement for both rib configurations. Reynolds numbers based on the hydraulic diameter are changed from 10,000 to 30,000. A naphthalene sublimation method is used to measure local heat/mass transfer coefficients. For the continuous V-shaped rib configuration, two pairs of counter-rotating vortices are generated in a duct, and high transfer region is formed at the center of the ribbed walls of the duct. However, for the discrete V-shaped rib configuration with $45^{\circ}$ attack angle, complex secondary flow patterns are generated in the duct due to its geometric feature, and more uniform heat/mass transfer distributions are obtained for all tested cases

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2019

A device that consists of an array of hydrofoils (called a vane deployer) is widely used in ocean engineering. In general, the vane deployer has to spread out efficiently, which is possible by enhancing the lift-to-drag ratio. In the present study, using a computational fluid dynamics, we investigate the effect of hydrofoil arrangement on the lift-to-drag ratio to establish the condition in which a reasonable level of constant lift-to-drag ratio is achieved in a wide range of angle of attack, to avoid a degradation of the hydrodynamic performance. First, the flow around two-dimensional hydrofoil array is examined by varying the size of hydrofoil components, gap between the hydrofoils, and arrangement type. As a result, we determine the optimized hydrofoil array configuration whose lift-to-drag ratio is nearly independent on the angle of attack. Finally, a three-dimensional simulation is performed for the optimized geometry to estimate the performance of actual vane deployer.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.487-495
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• 2016

In the offshore project such as semi-submersible FPU and FPSO, the free fall type life boat called TEMPSC (Totally Enclosed Motor Propelled Survival Craft) has been installed for the use of an emergency evacuation of POB (People on Board) from the topside platform. For the design of life boat arrangement for semi-submersible FPU in the initial design stage, the drop height and launch angle are required fulfill with the limitation of classification society rule and Company requirement, including type of approval as applicable when intact and damage condition of the platform. In this paper, we have been performed the numerical studies to find proper arrangement for the life boats consider drop height in various environmental conditions such as wave, wind and current. In the calculations, the contributions from static and low frequency (LF) motions are considered from the hydrodynamic and mooring analysis as well as damage angle from the intact and damage stability analysis. Also, Air-gap calculation at the life boat positions has been carried out to check the effect on the life boat arrangement. The air-gap assessment is based on the extreme air-gap method includes the effect of 1st order wave frequency (WF) motions, 2nd order low frequency roll/pitch motion, static trim/heel and set down.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

The road traffic noise has been increasing broader effects on urban areas as well as rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed roads. 10 sites in building development areas were selected and the noise levels were measured by the apartment floors and by the various block plans of apartment complex. The results showed that the highest traffic noise level was obtained at the 5 and 7 floors on the apartment floors. On the basis of 7 floor with the highest level, the correction coefficient obtained from noise reduction by each floor and measurement point was -5.54 dB(A)(1st floors), -0.96 dB(A)(3rd floors), -0.38 dB(A)(5th floors), 0.00 dB(A)(7th floors), -1.98 dB(A)(l0th floors), -3.10 dB(A)(13th floors), -3.45 dB(A)(15th floors). The level of road traffic noise in the arrangement construction of right angle was about 3.0 dB(A) at N-4 point and 2.1 dB(A) at N-6 point lower than that of a plan figure, respectively. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

Road traffic noise has increasing broader effects on urban areas as well as rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed roads. 10 sites in building development areas were selected and the noise level were measured by the apartment floors and by the various block plans of apartment complex. Analysis result, about correction factor, in the case of right angle arrangement, apply - 2.5dB(A). In the case of apartment house correlation of each floor apply 1st floors 0dB(A), 2st floors 1.2dB(A), 3st floors 2.1dB(A), 4st floors 2.6dB(A), 5st floors 2.7dB(A), 6st floors 2.7dB(A), 7st floors 2.4dB(A), 8st floors 2.0dB(A), 9st floors 1.6dB(A), 10st floors 1.1dB(A), 13st floors 0.2dB(A), 15st floors 0.5dB(A). The level of road traffic noise in the arrangement construction of right angle was about 3.0dB(A) at N-4 point and 2.1dB(A) at N-6 point lower than that of a plan figure, respectively. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2001

Split-triplet(F-O-O-F)형의 분사기 요소를 장착한 KSR-III 액체 로켓엔진의 성능과 연소장을 고찰하기 위해 수치해석을 수행하였다. 방사형 분사기 배열의 액체 로켓엔진의 수치해석 검증을 위해 2차원 축대칭과 3차원 계산을 수행하여 연소시험 결과와 비교하였다. 2차원 축대칭 계산과 3차원 해석을 통하여 성능 측면에서 오차가 약 3∼5% 정도의 정확도를 유지하며 예측하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 3차원 해석에서는 연소장을 해석하여 분사기 면의 온도 분포가 연소 시험결과와 정성적으로 일치하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 충돌각의 감소와 분사기 배열의 직교-방사형으로 변경이 방사형 분사기배열의 국부적인 고온 영역을 감소시키며 성능에도 영향을 미치는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 해석을 통하여 분사기 배열과 충돌각 선정이 액체 로켓엔진의 성능과 연소장에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2002

KSR-III 축소(I) 기본형 엔진에 대한 연소 시험을 실시한 결과 분사면의 내열 특성이 불량한 것으로 판명되었으며, 이에 기본형 엔진의 설계를 다각도로 수정한 축소(I) 수정형 엔진을 제작하게 되었다. 주요 설계 파라미터는 주분사기의 배열, 주분사기의 충돌각, 열차폐코팅이었으며 이들에 대한 시험적 연구를 수행하고 각 디자인에 대한 엔진 성능 및 내열 성능을 비교하였다. 내열 성능은 직교배열의 경우, 주분사기 충돌각이 작은 경우, 열차폐 코팅이 있는 경우 향상되는 경향을 보였으며, 일부는 30초 시험을 통해서 적절한 내열 성능을 보여주었다. 그에 따른 엔진 성능의 변화를 살펴보면 5% 범위 이내에서 성능 차이를 보이는데, 방사배열의 경우가 직교배열의 경우보다 성능이 높고, 주분사기 충돌각 $15^{\circ}$의 경우가 $20^{\circ}$의 경우보다 오히려 높게 나타났다. 또한, 저주파 연소불안정성의 측면에서는 충돌각이 작을수록, 방사형 배열보다는 직교형 배열의 경우 불안정 특성이 큰 것으로 판명되었다. 이러한 내열 성능 및 엔진 성능의 변화는 분무 특성의 변화 및 이에 의한 화염 구조의 변화에 기인하는 것으로 보이며, 보다 심도 있는 분석을 위해 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2017

본 연구는 랙크식 창고에 적용되고 있는 인랙스프링클러의 살수특성을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 국내산 헤드와 미국산 헤드를 대상으로 흐름성능실험, 방사각도 측정, 각도별 밀도측정 등이 수행되었다. 국내산 헤드의 경우 넓은 방사범위를 가지고 있으며, 미국산 헤드의 경우 국내산 헤드에 비하여 좁은 각도를 가지고 있다. 동일한 K80헤드로 비교해보면 국내산 헤드는 직접 살수가 어려운 부분으로 물을 보낼 수는 있으나, 각도별 살수밀도는 낮은 수준이었다. 미국산 헤드는 상대적으로 좁은 각도 내에 국내산에 비하여 많은 량의 물을 보낼 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 랙크식 창고의 평면적으로 2열 이상으로 배치된 가연물에 대해서는 화재확산을 억제하거나 진압 효과를 가지기 위해서는 페이스 스프링클러의 도입과 함께 지그재그 형태로의 배치를 통해 살수장애지역을 최소화 해야 할 것으로 보인다.