• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.656-663
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• 2001

The most representative nitrosamine derived from nicotine, nitrosamine-4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK), has been reported to cause lung cancer in A/J mice. It has been also demonstrated that NNK-induced lung tumorigenesis involves $O^6-methylguanine(O^6MeG)$ formation, leading to $GC\;{\rightarrow}\;AT$ transitional mispairing during DNA replication. Our in vitro experiment, modified from the method of DBA assay, examined the ability of phyto-extract mixture to inhibit the metabolism of nicotine to nitrosamines. The production of nitromorpholine from morpholine was inhibited about 75% at the concentration of 20 mg/mL of phyto-extract mixture, which was lower than vitamine C and green tea powder. NNK, which is a pro-carcinogen in laboratory animals, is hydroxylated primarily in liver and lung by CYP 1A2, 2A6 and 3A4. A critical phase. of NNK activation is its change to an unstable metabolite methyl-diazohydroxide via CYP-mediated ${\alpha}-hydroxylation$; and then it provides a methyl group to the DNA to form DNA adducts which can easily induce mutations. $Aroclor^R$ 1254 was used to induce CYPs in the liver of a Sprague-Dawley rat. The ability of various test samples to inhibit CYPs that participate in NNK activation was evaluated, following the removal of the liver from the rat. Microsomal CYPlA2 catalyzing the conversion of NNK into strong carcinogenic chemicals was inhibited more efficiently by phyto-extract mixture than green tea powder. These results indicate that phyto-extract mixture can be used to reduce $O^6MeG$ DNA adducts for chemoprevention.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.194-198
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• 2001

The study was conducted to investigate the changes of hepatic cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system induced by dietary administration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapia were fed pellet with PCBs (Aroclor 1254) 0.05, 0.25 and 0.50 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days. The dietary administration of PCBs (0.05 mg/kg) induced a significantly increased the concentration of cytochrome P450 and the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in the hepatopancreas at 30 days, while the augmentation of both responses was found at 20 days with a higher administration of PCBs-diet (0.25 mg/kg). However, hepatic 7-penthoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (PROD) activity did not show any noticeable changes with the PCBs-diet 0.05-0.5 mg/kg range compared to control group during the experimental periods of 30 days in the tilapia. These results indicate that tilapia fed PCBs at the concentration of more than 0.05 mg/kg for 30 days are affected by PCBs in terms of cytochrome P450 concentration and EROD activity in the hepatopancreas.