• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.227-239
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• 2018

Background: Predicting the potential habitat of plants in arid regions, especially for medicinal ones, is very important. Although Pergularia tomentosa is a key species for medicinal purposes, it appears in very low density in the arid rangelands of Iran, needing an urgent ecological attention. In this study, we modeled and predicted the potential habitat of P. tomentosa using maximum entropy, and the effects of environmental factors (geology, geomorphology, altitude, and soil properties) on some characteristics of the species were determined. Results: The results showed that P. tomentosa was absent in igneous formation while it appeared in conglomerate formation. In addition, among geomorphological units, the best quantitative characteristics of P. tomentosa was belonged to the conglomerate formation-small hill area (plant aerial parts = 57.63 and root length = 30.68 cm) with the highest electrical conductivity, silt, and $CaCO_3$ content. Conversely, the species was not found in the mountainous area with igneous formation. Moreover, plant density, length of roots, and aerial parts of the species were negatively correlated with soil sand, while positive correlation was observed with $CaCO_3$, EC, potassium, and silt content. The maximum entropy was found to be a reliable method (ROC = 0.91) for predicting suitable habitats for P. tomentosa. Conclusion: These results suggest that in evaluating the plant's habitat suitability in arid regions, contrary to the importance of the topography, some environmental variables such as geomorphology and geology can play the main role in rangeland plants' habitat suitability.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농업학회 2001년도 심포지엄
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• pp.319-321
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• 2001

In general, it is difficult to control weeds, diseases and insects with no chemical material in large scaled cultivation. Particularly, it is nearly impossible for a temperate country with a lot of rain such as Japan or Korea, to make organic agriculture on a large scale. Are there any possibilities to develop a large scaled organic agriculture in the world\ulcorner In Xinjang where is located in the central Asia, established Shihezi Agricultural and Environmental Institute for Arid Area of Central Asia three years ago in Shihezi, Xinjiang, China, for improving crop production in arid area. One of the main objectives is to establish organic agriculture in Xinjiang, with using suitable conditions for agriculture.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2013

Arid areas have a significant problem with water supply due to climate change and high water demand. More than 3,000 years ago, Persians started constructing elaborate tunnel systems called Qanat for extracting groundwater for agriculture and domestic usages in arid and semi-arid areas and dry deserts. In this paper, it has been demonstrated that ancient methods of water management, such as the Qanat system, could provide a good example of human wisdom to battle with water scarcity in a sustainable manner. The purpose of this paper is twofold: Review of old wisdom of Qanat-to review the history of this ancient wisdom from the beginning until now and study the Qanat condition at the present time and to explore why (notwithstanding that there are significant advantages to the Qanat system), it will no longer be used; and suggestions for future water management-to suggest a number of new methods based on new materials and technology to refine and protect Qanats. With these new suggestions it could be possible to refine and reclaim this method of extracting water in arid areas. Also, a new multi-purpose water management model has been introduced based on rainwater infiltration management over the Qanat system as the model can be applied either in dry or wet cities to solve current urban water problems.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2022

Background: Plant vegetation appears in heterogeneous and patchy forms in arid and semi-arid regions. In these regions, underneath the plant patches and the empty spaces between them are covered by biological soil crusts (moss, lichen, cyanobacteria, and fungi). Biological soil crusts lead to the formation and development of fertile islands in between vegetation patches via nitrogen and carbon fixation and the permeation of runoff water and nutrients in the soil. Results: The present study has investigated the association of biological soil crusts, the development of fertile islands, and the formation of plant patches in part of the Takht-e Soltan protected area, located in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran. Three sites were randomly selected as the working units and differentiated based on their geomorphological characteristics to the alluvial fan, hillslope, and fluvial terrace landforms. Two-step systematic random sampling was conducted along a 100-meter transect using a 5 m² plot at a 0-5 cm depth in three repetitions. Fifteen samplings were carried out at each site with a total of 45 samples taken. The results showed that the difference in altitude has a significant relationship with species diversity and decreases with decreasing altitude. Results have revealed that the moisture content of the site, with biocrust has had a considerable increase compared to the other sites, helping to form vegetation patterns and fertile islands. Conclusions: The findings indicated that biological crusts had impacted the allocation of soil parameters. They affect the formation of plant patches by increasing the soil's organic carbon, nitrogen, moisture and nutrient content provide a suitable space for plant growth by increasing the soil fertility in the inter-patch space.

• 환경생물
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2002

본 연구는 계룡산국립공원의 지류인 도덕봉과 백운봉의 산림식생을 대상으로 식물사회학적 방법에 의해 산림군락을 분류하고 이 지역의 식생 현황 파악과 국립공원관리에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 식물사회학적 방법으로 89개 조사구를 분석한 결과, 신갈나무군락, 졸참나무군락, 굴참나무군락, 소나무군락, 서어나무군락, 리기다소나무-곰솔군락으로 구분되었다. 신갈나무군락은 해발고가 가장 높고 경사가 급한 지역에 분포하였으며, 졸참나무군락은 해발고가 비교적 낮고 경사가 급한 지역에 분포하였다. 그리고 굴참나무군락은 신갈나무군락에 비해 해발고가 낮은 남사면의 건조한 지역에 분포하고 있었다. 소나무군락은 해발고가 비교적 높고 폭이 좁은 건조한 능선 부위에 분포하고 있으며, 서어나무군락은 주로 남사면 계곡부의 중부에 분포하고 있었다. 그리고 리기다-곰솔군락은 조림군락이다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

One of the main cases of the desertification impact is the negative contribution of human activities that worsen environment. There are historical facts of inability and excessive activities which destroyed the civilizations. The basic difference is only in the tempo and scales of civilization collapse. Human pressure was accumulated within the centuries and millennia due to the extremely active economic activities. But today it covers only the decades. Presently the process of desertification has a global scale. There are huge factors of Earth aridization as an increase of the quantity of C02 and atmospheric dust and bloom. This process related not only to the arid areas. Obviously a comprehensive approach of development of territories, particularly arid areas is very important. The use of the satellite information and technologies of remote sensing data processing can take a significant place for decision-makers for calculation and estimation of the environment impacts.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.500-505
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• 2002

Based on the real-time monitoring by remote sensing and dynamic management by GIS on agricultural land and water resources in arid area, we solved the practicability and popularization of small-scale spatial information service system. Through demonstration, the standards of spatial information service database of agricultural land and water resources is set up, and the agricultural land and water resources management system in Shehezi City of Xinjiang Autonomy is established, which provides periodically the spatial information services needed by agricultural production to support for sustainable development in arid area.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1390-1392
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• 2003

The arid regions of western China are currently the focus of extensive exploration and development. This paper reports on recent experience gained by Chinese and Canadian project team members in the use of a variety of Earth observation satellite imagery for oil exploration and environmental assessment exercises in the Kuche area of Xinjiang. Through careful archival data selection and more recent data acquisition schemes, we have established several time series of MODIS, Landsat and Radarsat imagery in order to obtain a better understanding for daily, seasonal as well as decadal changes of the natural environment as well as man-made environmental features.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2023

Background: Inner Mongolia, desertification is happening due to climate change and land use alterations. In order to evaluate desert restoration effectiveness, this study compares number of species and species diversity in restored (with planted trees), unrestored area, and the reference ecosystem (Ref-E, typical steppe and woody steppe). Results: The Ref-E had the most plant species (64 taxa), while the unrestored area had the fewest (5 taxa). Among restored areas (restored in 2012, 2008, 2005), older restoration sites had more species (18-42). Similarly, species richness (3.93-0.41) and diversity (1.99-0.40) were highest in the Ref-E and lowest in unrestored areas, with older restored sites having higher values. Conclusions: More plant species and diversity in older restoration areas suggest progress toward ecosystem stabilization, approaching the Ref-E. Therefore, tree planting in Inner Mongolia's Hulunbuir semi-arid desert is a successful restoration effort.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.82-94
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 미얀마 내 Mandalay, Magway 지역에 대해 Landsat 4-5 TM 위성영상을 이용하여 토지피복 변화와 식생온도조건지수(Vegetation Temperature Condition Index; VTCI)의 관계를 분석함으로써, 미얀마 토지피복 변화와 건조 정도의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 토지피복 변화를 분석한 결과, 연구 대상 지역에서 산림은 감소하는 것으로 나타난 반면, 주거지와 농경지의 면적은 증가하였다. VTCI 분석을 수행한 결과, (a)지역에서는 매우 건조한 지역의 면적이 점차 감소하고, 건조한 지역 및 보통, 습윤한 지역의 면적이 증가하여 건조의 정도가 다소 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. (b)지역 또한 매우 건조한 지역의 면적이 증가하여 건조 정도가 심각해지는 것을 파악할 수 있었다. VTCI와 토지피복 변화의 관계 분석결과는 두 지역의 매우 건조한 지역에서 산림 및 주거지의 농경지로의 변화 비율이 비교적 높게 나타나고, 변화된 지역의 VTCI 평균이 감소하여 토지피복의 변화와 건조 정도의 변화의 관련성을 찾을 수 있었으며, 건조지역이 점차 증가하고 있음을 확인하였다.