• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.593-604
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• 2011

This study examines potential growth and different perspectives on green-walls, which are being re-evaluated recently. The aim is to identify the viewer preferences concerning the walls by collecting a wide spectrum of information to create an interior design related comprehensive and intellectual database. Also based on this proposition, choosing a green surface of indoor wall as a specific example stimulus, identifying a relationship betweeationsviewer's preference factors. The relationship will formulate detailed and absolute qualities, which will reach potential areas that the green walls can be widely applied in. As a result of a factor analysis, the viewers classified into the 3 factors as is pleasant, gorgeous and rich about the stimulus. Preferred key factors, which are closely related to emotional image language, were; cool, tidy, comfortable and beautiful. The common factors in preferred design stimulus, in order of importance are color>elements>image/form/plants. Specific levels of design factors according to relevance are contrast>furniture> modern>central/creeper foliage plants. In the meantime, this study is leading the process of quantitative measurement of green-walls to a new design direction and it is critical to consistently experimenting to back up the theory with solid evidence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.586-596
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• 2011

In the IT industry, processing units of IT applications are getting smaller and high efficient. Furthermore, the realization of various smart functions is highly feasible now due to advances in sensing technology. The service infrastructures on high efficient and compact mobile devices are applied to various areas. These also could be possessed by users and is built into the devices. Currently, studies on the UX(User Experience) field to attempt an analysis and prediction of user's information are continuing with reference to the UI(User Interface). However, research on the common framework of classification and storing the user-information, and standardization of form has not been attempted yet. In this study, we proposed the AUX(Associative user Experience) model and process structure to store various empirical data by users. The AUX model expressed a diversity of user's empirical data using extended E-TCPN model. And also, we expressed the data structure using XML with reference to the application of AUX model. This expressed model and separation of process structure guarantee its specialty, productivity and flexibility through the humanistic characteristics of users and the independence of technical process structure. The AUX model maps out the AUX information process architecture and expressed the process with the improved MPP algorithm, to analyze of its performance. The simulation of movements applying to MPP traffic allocation of VOD is used to analyze of its performance. The playback deviation of MPP Graphic Allocation Algorism where the AUX model was applied was improved by 10.41% more than the one where it was not applied. As a result of that, playback performance has improved due to the conversion of AUX with accessing media, content of users and dynamic traffic allocation such as MPI and CPI.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-77
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• 2015

Improve the rural views of the Government and the municipalities with the intention of rural landscape planning. However, rural scenery evaluation of landscape types and element categories, landscape scenes, such as the valuation of resources selected, form a coherent system and ecological point of view is not only a Visual perspective of evaluation, or evaluation is made. This study evaluates the rural landscape through the rural landscape for rurality is implemented can explain the image. Rural amenity 100 represented the rural landscape in rurality with photos of photos, and scenes, photos, location-based rural Vista rurality landscapes drawn components. Selected landscape photography scenic landscapes in the u.s. survey and image vocabularies through surveys is representative of the landscape in rurality of each Vista location-specific photos and images began extracted factors. As a result, the Distant view is a town and village in the rolling hills of the surrounding environment is an image behind the Vista Skyline, Farmland Rural village forests, Behind the hills, Individual housing roof, Housing arrangement, The number of household includes landscape components. Factor analysis 'openness', 'intimacy', 'activity', 'complexity', 'safety' was down to five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 66.45 percent. Middle distance view is close to being out of town houses and village environment, an image in the skyline hills Vista, farmlands, village forests, rolling hills, behind the scenes of the housing component of the neck, the sperm will honor an individual factor analysis results are 'intimacy', 'safety', 'openness', 'specificity', 'complexity' five factors the whole description of the capacity factors compared to 67.24 percent. Close-range view is mainly in Vista village embraced the individual elements and an image of a harmonious location in the surroundings of the sperm, individual houses, fences, gates, courtyard, Garden, garage, agricultural facilities, including, but not limited to, factors assay but an 'intimacy', 'complexity', 'safety', 'activity', 'openness' five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 65.29%. This research seeks to determine the extent to which rurality of rural landscape Vista by location attributes and elements and representative officer in photo selection and rurality to extract the image. To date, followed by a comprehensive study, which was presented through the readjustment could not overlook the Visual elements. The future rural development officer for the evaluation of rural landscape classification and quantitative and objective assessment will have to come up with ways to do.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.999-1004
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• 2005

An algorithm for a hybrid controller consists of a sliding mode control part and a fuzzy logic part which ar purposely for nonlinear systems. The sliding mode part of the solution is based on "eigenvalue/vector"-type controller is used as the backstepping approach for tracking errors. The fuzzy logic part is a Mamdani fuzzy model. This is designed by applying sliding mode control (SMC) method to the dynamic model. The main objective is to keep the update dynamics in a stable region by used SMC. After that the plant behavior is presented to train procedure of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS). ANFIS architecture is determined and the relevant formulation for the approach is given. Using the error (e) and rate of error (de), occur due to the difference between the desired output value (yd) and the actual output value (y) of the system. A dynamic adaptation law is proposed and proved the particularly chosen form of the adaptation strategy. Subsequently VSC creates a sliding mode in the plant behavior while the parameters of the controller are also in a sliding mode (stable trainer). This study considers the ANFIS structure with first order Sugeno model containing nine rules. Bell shaped membership functions with product inference rule are used at the fuzzification level. Finally the Mamdani fuzzy logic which is depends on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems structure designed. At the transferable stage from ANFIS to Mamdani fuzzy model is adjusted for the membership function of the input value (e, de) and the actual output value (y) of the system could be changed to trapezoidal and triangular functions through tuning the parameters of the membership functions and rules base. These help adjust the contributions of both fuzzy control and variable structure control to the entire control value. The application example, control of a mass-damper system is considered. The simulation has been done using MATLAB. Three cases of the controller will be considered: for backstepping sliding-mode controller, for hybrid controller, and for adaptive backstepping sliding-mode controller. A numerical example is simulated to verify the performances of the proposed control strategy, and the simulation results show that the controller designed is more effective than the adaptive backstepping sliding mode controller.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.11-21
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• 2013

Recently operating a large scale computing resource like a data center becomes easier because of the virtualization technology that virtualize servers and enable flexible resource provision. The most of public cloud services provides automatic scaling in the form of scale-in or scale-out and these scaling approaches works well to satisfy the service level agreement (SLA) of users. However, a novel scaling approach is required to operate private clouds that has smaller amount of computing resources than vast resources of public clouds. In this paper, we propose a hybrid server scaling architecture and related algorithms using both scale-in and scale-out to achieve higher resource utilization rate for private clouds. We uses dynamic resource allocation and live migration to run our proposed algorithm. Our propose system aims to provide a fine-grain resource scaling by steps. Thus private cloud systems are able to keep stable service and to reduce server management cost by optimizing server utilization. The experiment results show that our proposed approach performs better in resource utilization than the scale-out approach based on the number of users.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.50-60
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• 2018

Recently, modular construction method has been widely applied to projects with repetitive processes including dormitory, the residential facility, and the hotel construction due to reduced labor input and shortened construction schedule. Generally, about 40% of total on-site construction cost excluding unit installation cost, is put on exterior finishing work, and thus management of finishing work is deemed important in maintaining the targeted schedule and cost. Since limited equipment is shared so that subsequent activities are not affected while carrying out on-site installation and finishing work, lifting plan becomes more important for modular projects with greater portion of finishing work load. In this regard, tower crane operation plan may take the form of a single cycle or multiple cycles in which equipment efficiency can be affected. However, difficulties exist in evaluating alternatives to tower crane operation plans supporting unit installation and finishing work. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the alternative of tower crane operation method according to the cyclic period setting in modular building site to determine the effect on T/C uptime and process by parameterizing lifting time for unit and exterior finishing material, lift cycle for unit and exterior finishing material and time required for finishing work. Accordingly, this study develops a simulation model that can increase the tower crane efficiency by controlling the work speed. An academic contribution of this study is to suggest a resource leveling method applying the concept of lifting cycle, and further is expected to be managerially used as a basis for an alternative evaluation of equipment plan.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.746-757
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• 1996

Bony defects may be found as a result of congenital anomalies, traumatic injury, automobile collisions and industrial accidents in the maxillofacial area. Such conditions are often associated with severs functional and esthetic problem. Various surgical procedure has been utilized in attempts to repair and reconstruct bony defects. Bone is a complex, living, constantly changing tissue. The architecture and composition of cancellous and cortical bone allow the skeleton to perform its essential mechanical functions. Periosteum covers the external surface of bone and consists of two layers : an outer fibrous layer and an inner more cellular and vascular layer. The inner osteogenic layer or cambium layer can form new bone while the outer layer firms part of the insertions of tendons, ligaments and muscles. This study was under taken to evaluate bone healing process on partial defect of calvarial bone with or without periosteum in rat. We made calvarial defects of different size(4mm, 6mm, 8mm) with periosteum or without periosteum in rat to study the effect of defect size on healing process. Control and experimental groups sacrified at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks, postoperatively. We examed the specimens by gloss findings, light microscophy, and fluorescent microscophy. The results were as follows. 1. Gloss findings: Control groups are larger bony defects than experimental groups after 2 weeks, and than control groups advanced healing of defected bone but experimental groups are lesser after 4, 6 weeks. After 8 weeks, bone defect has not been identified in control and experimental groups. 2. Light microscope: All defects of control groups are larger bony defects than experimental groups after 2 weeks. And than control groups show smaller defect after 4 weeks. After 8 weeks, the control group reveal pin-point sized, hardly identifiable defect space and the experimental group reveal small, but definite defect space. 3. Fluorescent microscope : Each week, new bone formation of control group is very similar to the experimental group. In this study, Osteogenesis of calvarial bone defects with periosteum or without periosteum was examined for 8 weeks in rats. The replaced periosteum had batter new bone formation than the removed periosteum.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.58
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• pp.106-129
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• 2012

Social Network Service(SNS), which are an emerging form of political architecture, have been a political means to promote civic engagement and shape pubic opinions on social issues. Along with the influence of SNSs, the governmental control on the dissemination of information over SNSs has increased more and more. It would be ideal if the autonomous governance regulates SNSs which facilitate the networks of the dispersed people. It is the fact, though, that compulsory regulations under which the government controls impose policy and legal restrictions on political expressions. The current study addresses expressive and participatory nature embedded in technological characteristics of SNSs and discusses the problems of content regulations of political expression over SNSs. First of all, it is analyzed that light touch regulation or light touch monitoring should be applied to regulating content on SNSs, particularly political expressions. Constitutional Court proclaimed that legal restrictions on the Internet could infringe basic rights of the people and thus under unambiguous standards, the Doctrine of Clear and Present Danger should be applied to its content. Second, it is found that clarifying the definition of illegality in the application of legal restrictions is necessary to minimize the excessive misleading. Third, it is required that Korea Communications Standards Commission under the government control needs to change in determining the scope of illegal information. In a domestic level, there needs to be safeguards for the protection of the self-regulatory organization such as KISO to guarantee voluntary and autonomous regulatory practices.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.355-355
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• 2002

In this paper, we designed a FPU(floating point unit) that it is very important and requires of high density when digital audio is designed. Almost audio system must support the multi-channel and required for high quality. A floating point arithmetic function in MPEG-2 AAC that implemented by hardware is able to realtime decoding when DSP realization. The reason is that MPEG-2 AAC is compatible to the Audio field of MPEG-4 and afterwards. We designed a FPU by hardware to increase the speed of a floating point unit with much calculation part in the MPEG-2 AAC Decoder. A FPU is composed of a multiplier and an adder. A multiplier used the Radix-4 Booth algorithm and an adder adopted 1's complement method for speed up. A form of a floating point unit has 8bit of exponent part and 24bit of mantissa. It's compatible with the IEEE single precision format and adopted a pipeline architecture to increase the speed of a processor. All of sub blocks are based on ISO/IEC 13818-7 standard. The algorithm is tested by C language and the design does by use of VHDL(VHSIC Hardware Description Language). The maximum operation speed is 23.2MHz and the stable operation speed is 19MHz.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4678-4702
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• 2018

Traffic Matrix estimation has always caught attention from researchers for better network management and future planning. With the advent of high traffic loads due to Cloud Computing platforms and Software Defined Networking based tunable routing and traffic management algorithms on the Internet, it is more necessary as ever to be able to predict current and future traffic volumes on the network. For large networks such origin-destination traffic prediction problem takes the form of a large under- constrained and under-determined system of equations with a dynamic measurement matrix. Previously, the researchers had relied on the assumption that the measurement (routing) matrix is stationary due to which the schemes are not suitable for modern software defined networks. In this work, we present our Compressed Sensing with Dynamic Model Estimation (CS-DME) architecture suitable for modern software defined networks. Our main contributions are: (1) we formulate an approach in which measurement matrix in the compressed sensing scheme can be accurately and dynamically estimated through a reformulation of the problem based on traffic demands. (2) We show that the problem formulation using a dynamic measurement matrix based on instantaneous traffic demands may be used instead of a stationary binary routing matrix which is more suitable to modern Software Defined Networks that are constantly evolving in terms of routing by inspection of its Eigen Spectrum using two real world datasets. (3) We also show that linking this compressed measurement matrix dynamically with the measured parameters can lead to acceptable estimation of Origin Destination (OD) Traffic flows with marginally poor results with other state-of-art schemes relying on fixed measurement matrices. (4) Furthermore, using this compressed reformulated problem, a new strategy for selection of vantage points for most efficient traffic matrix estimation is also presented through a secondary compression technique based on subset of link measurements. Experimental evaluation of proposed technique using real world datasets Abilene and GEANT shows that the technique is practical to be used in modern software defined networks. Further, the performance of the scheme is compared with recent state of the art techniques proposed in research literature.