• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-13
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• 2013

Background: Esophagus cancer, the third most common gastrointestinal cancer overall, demonstrates high incidence in parts of Iran. The counties of Iran vary in size, shape and population size. The aim of this study was to account for spatial support with Area-to-Area (ATA) Poisson Kriging to increase precision of parameter estimates and yield correct variance and create maps of disease rates. Materials and Methods: This study involved application/ecology methodology, illustrated using esophagus cancer data recorded by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (in the Non-infectious Diseases Management Center) of Iran. The analysis focused on the 336 counties over the years 2003-2007. ATA was used for estimating the parameters of the map with SpaceStat and ArcGIS9.3 software for analysing the data and drawing maps. Results: Northern counties of Iran have high risk estimation. The ATA Poisson Kriging approach yielded variance increase in large sparsely populated counties. So, central counties had the most prediction variance. Conclusions: The ATAPoisson kriging approach is recommended for estimating parameters of disease mapping since this method accounts for spatial support and patterns in irregular spatial areas. The results demonstrate that the counties in provinces Ardebil, Mazandaran and Kordestan have higher risk than other counties.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2013

Jeju island, which is located along the moving path of typhoon, suffers from flooding and overflow by torrential rain. So abrupt runoff occurring, damages of downstream farm field and shore culturing farms are increasing. In this study, Oaedo stream, one of the mountainous streams on Jeju island, was selected as the basin of study subject and was classified into 3 sub-basins, and after the characteristics of subject basin, the soil erosion amount and the sediment delivery of the stream by land usage distribution were estimated with the use of SATEEC ArcView GIS, the sediment yield amount of 2000 and 2005 was analyzed comparatively. As a result of estimating the sediment yield amount of 2000, the three sub-basins were respectively 12,572.7, 14,080 and 157,761 tons/year. and sediment yield amounts were estimated as 35,172.9, 5,266 and 258,535 tons/year respectively in 2005. The soil erosion and sediment yield amount of 2005 using single storm rainfall were estimated high compared with 2000, but for sub-basin 2, the values rather decreased due to changes in land use, and the land coverage of 2005, since there are many classifications of land usage compared with 2000, enabling to reflect more accurate land usage condition, could deduce appropriate results. It is anticipated that such study results can be utilized as basic data to propose a direction to predict the amount of sediment yield that causes secondary flooding damage and deteriorates water quality within detention pond and grit chamber, and take action against damages in the downstream farm field and shore culturing farms.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

This study analyzed the spatio-temporal change pattern of greenhouse areas for Sangnam-myeon and Samrangjin-eup of Miryang-si in Gyeongnam, which is one of major greenhouse area. First, in order to overcome the lack of statistical data of the distribution of greenhouses, aerial and satellite images were interpreted from 1987 to 2018, and the spatial distribution of the greenhouse parcels which has continuously increased was mapped based on the digital cadastral map. Next, through the emerging hot spot tool in ArcGIS Desktop, the spatio-temporal change in transition from open-field to greenhouse cultivation was classified into 9 clusters. About 67.7% of the target area was categorized as a hot spot, and the pattern of New hot spot, which were recently converted to greenhouse parcels, covered about 34.1%. While, about 11.3% of parcels were expected to keep the existing open-field cultivation practice for a while. Overall, the greenhouse parcels have been densely developed along a river and were lately expanding even to the far neighbor. It implied that, in the future, the competition of water intake among farms would be more serious and the environmental responsibility in consideration of water quality as well as quantity would be getting strengthened due to increasing pollution loads and river intake.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

This study aims at suggesting directions to make children's parks considering the actual groups using them by comparative analysis of age distribution in residents within area of use and locations of children's parks with regards to changes in population structure of low birth rate and aging. Cheongju was selected for the study, and the current status of children's parks and population structure were categorized into six stages and the investigation and analysis were conducted by statistics by population group and by using Arc GIS Program. As a result of the analysis, children under 13 were 13.1% of the entire population in Cheongju and share of middle-aged and aged group including middle-aged was 31.3%. Park area per one children under 13 was 5.9㎡ and based on walking use area(250m), average number of parks available by autonomous district was eight. As a result of the analysis of characteristics of distribution of children's parks, they are densely located in old downtowns or the distribution density was relatively high in newly developed areas such as Osong-eup or Ochang-eup. However, outer rural areas have no children's parks or relatively low rate. As a result of the analysis on population structure and co-efficient of park location, in nine autonomous districts, aged group is increasing, leading to decrease use of children's parks. If resident rate aged group is higher in the region where a children's park is located, it is necessary to re-compose the existing one to different one or to change purposes of parks to be planned. Also, in the area with similar rates in both children's group and aged group, composing complex parks for both of them could be considered. This study has limitations by not conducting field studies about the current status of use of children's parks in areas where the population structure has been changing and not suggesting specifically new types of parks according to changes in population structure. It is necessary to conduct the following studies about relationship between children's parks and policies for composing parks responding to changes in population structure in neighboring regions in future.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2010

댐은 생활에 필요한 물을 안정적으로 공급하고 여름철 집중강우에 의한 홍수피해를 저감하는 효과가 있으나, 댐 건설로 많은 토지나 가옥 등이 수몰되고 댐 주변지역의 환경에도 큰 영향을 주고 있다. 이러한 댐 주변지역의 생활환경을 개선하고 지원하기 위한 사업들이 시행되고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 GIS 공간중첩 기능을 이용하여 공간정보 축척에 따른 용담댐 수몰지역과 댐주변지역 면적오차 특성을 분석한 결과 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 1/3,000 수치지형도를 기준으로 각 축척별 수몰지역 면적오차를 분석한 결과, l/5,000 수치지형도가 1/25,000 수치지형도에 비해 면적오차의 합과 표준오차 그리고 수몰지역 전체면적에 대한 면적오차의 합의 비율에서 각각 9.5배, 9.0배, 10.5배로 정확도 측면에서 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 댐주변지역 면적오차를 분석한 결과, l/5,000 수치지형도가 l/25,000 수치 지형도에 비해 진안군 진안읍이 2km 이내 및 2~5km의 집수구역내 지역에서 각각 13.8배와 20.6배로 가장 큰 차이를 보였다. 또한 2km 이내의 집수구역외 지역에서는 점유면적 자체가 매우 작아 오차특성에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 2~5km 구간의 집수구역외 지역에서는 금산군 남이면이 31.8배로 가장 큰 오차특성을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로 댐주변지역 면적오차의 합과 표준오차 그리고 주변지역 전체면적에 대한 면적오차의 합의 비율에서도 1/5,000 수치지형도는 1/25,000에 비해 각각 7.4배, 11.8배, 7.4배로 정확도 측면에서 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2020

As the fastest growing office transaction volume in Korea, there's been a need for development of indicators to accurately diagnose the office capital market. The purpose of this paper is experimentally calculate to the office price index for effective benchmark indices in Seoul. The quantitative methodology used a Case-Shiller Repeat Sales Model (1991), based on actual multiple office transaction dataset with over minimum 1,653 ㎡ from Q3 1999 to 4Q 2019 in the case of 1,536 buildings within Seoul Metropolitan. In addition, the collected historical data and spatial statistical analysis tools were treated with the SAS 9.4 and ArcGIS 10.7 programs. The main empirical results of research are briefly summarized as follows; First, Seoul office price index was estimated to be 344.3 point (2001.1Q=100.0P) at the end of 2019, and has more than tripled over the past two decades. it means that the sales price of office per 3.3 ㎡ has consistently risen more than 12% every year since 2000, which is far above the indices for apartment housing index, announced by the MOLIT (2009). Second, between quarterly and annual office price index for the two-step estimation of the MIT Real Estate Research Center (MIT/CRE), T, L, AL variables have statistically significant coefficient (Beta) all of the mode l (p<0.01). Third, it was possible to produce a more stable office price index against the basic index by using the Moore-Penrose's pseoudo inverse technique at low transaction frequency. Fourth, as an lagging indicators, the office price index is closely related to key macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP(+), KOSPI(+), interest rates (5-year KTB, -). This facts indicate that long-term office investment tends to outperform other financial assets owing to high return and low risk pattern. In conclusion, these findings are practically meaningful to presenting an new office price index that increases accuracy and then attempting to preliminary applications for the case of Seoul. Moreover, it can provide sincerely useful benchmark about investing an office and predicting changes of the sales price among market participants (e.g. policy maker, investor, landlord, tenant, user) in the future.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

충청남도 핵심생태축인 금북정맥의 지속가능한 보호를 위해 위성영상 분석과 현장조사를 통하여 금북정맥의 산림지역에 발생한 훼손지의 특성을 파악하였다. DEM을 활용하여 조사범위를 선정하고 SPOT 5 영상을 활용하여 의심되는 훼손지를 추출하였으며, 추출된 훼손지 정보에 대해서는 현장조사를 통하여 검증과정을 거쳤다. 그 결과, 금북정맥을 단절시키는 도로는 75개소였으며, 3m 이하의 경미한 도로단절 구간이 26개소이고, 왕복 2차선 이상의 도로에 의해 단절된 지점이 40개소 존재하였다. 도로는 대부분 도로 양쪽을 양분하여 원래 하나의 생태계였던 것을 분리하는 특징을 가지고 있으므로 도로 단절에 의한 생태계 분리의 최소화를 위해 도로 주변의 생태계 모니터링이 요구된다. 금북정맥의 산림에 영향을 미치는 훼손지는 2,083개소 5,760.7ha로 나타났다. 훼손지에는 과수원이 가장 큰 면적을 차지하였고, 공공시설과 자연초지 순으로 높게 나타났다. 이로 미루어 보아 인위적인 토지이용이 고도와 경사에 관계없이 빈번하게 이루어 졌음을 알 수 있었다. 금북정맥이 지속적으로 훼손되고 있으나 남아있는 자연성을 유지하고 갱신하기 위해서는 지속적인 모니터 링과 분석을 통한 보전지역의 설정과 보전을 위한 지역민들의 공감대 형성이 요구된다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.436-443
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• 2019

라임병은 2010년 법정감염병 지정 이후 환자발생이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 첫 환자가 보고된 2011년부터 2018년 12월 31일까지 신고된 환자 119명의 신고 자료 및 역학조사서를 국내발생과 해외유입으로 구분하여 분석하였고, ArcGIS Pro를 이용하여 추정 감염 지역에 대한 공간분석을 하였다. 2011년부터 2018년 12월 31일까지 국내발생은 70명(58.8%) 해외유입은 49명(41.2%)이다. 환자 발생은 2017년에 31명(26.0%), 계절은 여름~가을(6~11월)이 91명(76.5%)으로 가장 많았다. 진단일_신고일은 국내발생이 2.8±14.7일, 해외유입이 1.4±4.5일로 차이를 보였고, 임상 증상 중 발열과 발진은 국내발생과 해외유입이 통계적으로 유의하였다(P<0.001). 임상 경과는 초기 국소성 감염 61명(52.1%), 초기 파종성 감염 43명(35.3%), 만성 감염 15명(12.6%)이었다. 국내 추정 감염 지역은 충남 12명(17.1%), 경기 12명(17.1%), 강원 8명(11.4%), 경남 7명(10.0%)으로 지역적인 차이를 보였고, 해외유입은 미국이 21명(42.9%), 유럽이 17명(34.7%)으로 가장 많았다. 라임병 환자는 2016~2018년이 환자수가 증가 하여 발생 지역이 확대된 것으로 추정된다. 해외유입도 증가하고 있어 환자 관리는 더욱 중요할 것으로 판단되며 전 연령에서 환자가 발생하고 있어 홍보 및 예방교육과 역학적 특성 파악은 꾸준히 실시되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.61-89
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to characterize landslide susceptibility depending on various geo-environmental variables as well as to compare the Frequency Ratio (FR) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) methods for landslide susceptibility analysis of rainfall-induced landslides. In 2013, a total of 259 landslides occurred in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province, South Korea, due to heavy rainfall events with a total cumulative rainfall of 296~721mm in 106~231 hours duration. Landslides data were mapped with better accuracy using the geographic information system (ArcGIS 10.6 version) based on the historic landslide records in Chuncheon from the National Disaster Management System (NDMS), the 2013 landslide investigation report, orthographic images, and aerial photographs. Then the landslides were randomly split into a testing dataset (70%; 181 landslides) and validation dataset (30%; 78 landslides). First, geo-environmental variables were analyzed by using FR and EBF functions for the full data. The most significant factors related to landslides were altitude (100~200m), slope (15~25°), concave plan curvature, high SPI, young timber age, loose timber density, small timber diameter, artificial forests, coniferous forests, soil depth (50~100cm), very well-drained area, sandy loam soil and so on. Second, the landslide susceptibility index was calculated by using selected geo-environmental variables. The model fit and prediction performance were evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the Area Under Curve (AUC) methods. The AUC values of both model fit and prediction performance were 80.5% and 76.3% for FR and 76.6% and 74.9% for EBF respectively. However, the landslide susceptibility index, with classes of 'very high' and 'high', was detected by 73.1% of landslides in the EBF model rather than the FR model (66.7%). Therefore, the EBF can be a promising method for spatial prediction of landslide occurrence, while the FR is still a powerful method for the landslide susceptibility mapping.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2011

산불발생 위험성이 높은 봄철(2~5월)을 대상으로 2000년부터 2008년까지의 한반도 황사 관측 유무에 따른 산불발생과의 상관관계를 알아보고 황사로 인한 산불발생 패턴을 파악하기 위하여 9개의 황사 영향권역을 설정한 후 황사가 관측된 날과 황사가 관측되지 않았던 전 후 3일에 대한 지역별 자료를 ArcGIS 9.2에서 1km${\times}$1km 공간 해상도로 거리역산가중(IDW) 분석을 실시하였다. 그리고 산불발화지 인근 기상관측소의 기온, 상대습도, 풍속 자료는 황사가 있던 날과 없던 전 후 3일에 대한 산불발생패턴을 파악하고 황사와 산불발생위험의 상관분석을 실시하였다. 2000~2008년 황사 관측은 3월에 36회, 4월에 30회 순으로 발생하였고, 권역별로는 황사빈도가 경기와 충북 권역에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 황사관측 유무에 따른 지역별 산불발생빈도는 황사 3일 전이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 경기와 강원 영서 권역이 경계한 인접지역과 충청 및 경북 내륙에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 반대로 경남 권역은 2건 이하로 가장 낮은 산불발생빈도를 보였다. 황사관측 유무에 따른 산불발생과 위험지수의 상관관계는 황사 전 후 3일에만 상관계수($R^2$)가 0.50038과 0.53978로 1% 유의수준에서 상관하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 황사가 관측된 날에는 서로 상관하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 산불발생빈도와 기상과의 관계를 분석한 결과는 황사관측 유무 모두에서 풍속이 산불발생과 1% 유의수준에 -0.58623 ~ -0.61245로 상관이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상대습도는 황사관측 일과 3일 후에 -0.2568, -0.35309(p${\leq}$0.01)로 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 황사3일 전은 -0.23701(p${\leq}$0.05)의 상관을 보였다. 그러나 평균기온은 황사관측 유무에 따라 산불발생이 전혀 상관하지 않았다. 따라서 우리나라 산불의 대부분은 인위적으로 발생하기 때문에 지역별로 황사 관측 유무에 따라 야외활동의 증감이 산불발생에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되며, 기상 요소 중에서 평균풍속은 황사 관측과 무관하게 산불발생에 가장 큰 영향을 주었다.