• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.200-217
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to examine the specificity of grids to define the characteristics of clothes styles in the Joseon Dynasty period. The significance of examining of the specificity of grids is to find out arbitrary types of the features of grids involved in structuring the Jeogori in the Joseon Dynasty period one by one. The Visual Linguistic Theory was introduced as a methodological tool to exquisitely analyze the characteristics of grids in deep structures of Jeogori in the Joseon Dynasty period. This theory strives to examine sample distribution, the distribution of samples by quality and the distribution of the types of ploidy features. Through the examination, the results are as follows. The grid systems of the Jeogori consisted of diverse proportion systems reaching 86 cases, that is, sequence systems composed of multi-functional, multi-combined bodies. Most ornamental grids had feature angles distributed in a range of $2-20^{\circ}$ that showed a common preference for low sloped diagonal lines or small curvature. Although the preference for certain feature angles were prominent, the feature angles that were used were generally distributed evenly among diverse feature angles to show the characteristics of separation. Therefore, Jeogori makers in the Joseon Dynasty period can be considered as having experimented with many proportion systems to show their aesthetics. In conclusion, based on the results of the examination of feature distributions and related methods to allocate ploidy features, O-type accounted for 66% and thus it was identified that the Jeogori was characterized by O-type. Therefore, it was identified that the characteristic of the Jeogori in the Joseon Dynasty period consisted of O-type fractal structures which are formative structures unique to our nation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.2 s.33
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• pp.131-136
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• 2006

Most modern railways, especially the high speed railway tracks, use continuous welded rail(CWR) for the less maintenance. For the CWR track has very few expansion joints, track buckling has always been an unpredictable event and it happens mainly by high compressive stress in rail in summer period. Therefore, it is important to understand the variation of rail stress induced by thermal loads which has direct influence on the rail buckling and stability of railway track. This paper describes the experimental investigation of the variation of rail temperature and stress in a high speed railway track on bridge structure. Field measurement was performed to examine the correlation between the rail temperature and rail stress on the Korean High Speed Railway line. Regression functions were derived from measured data to determine the rail stress f3r an arbitrary rail temperature varies from 20 to 50 degree Celsius.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1735-1741
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• 1993

New family of frequency hopping patterns with long period and good Hamming autocorrelation and Hamming crosscorrelation properties which can be used for frequency hopped multiple access communication systems is introduced. Period of frequency hopping patterns is qk-1, the alphabet size of frequency hopping patterns is q, and the size of family of frequency hopping patterns is q, where k is arbitrary integer and q is power of prime number. The maximum value of out-of-Phase Hamming autocorrelation function of any frequency hopping pattern and Hamming crosscorrelation function of any two frequency hopping patterns in the family is qk-1, which corresponds to optima1 Hamming correlation properties. And the average number of hits per q*q square in one frequency hopping pattern and its time shifted version or two frequency hopping patterns in the frequency hopped multiple access communication systems is less than 1.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.568-580
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• 2020

Calibrating a conceptual hydrologic model necessitates selection of a calibration period that produces the most reliable prediction. This often must be chosen randomly, however, since there is no objective guidance. Observation plays the most important role in the calibration or uncertainty evaluation of hydrologic models, in which the key factors are the length of the data and the hydro-climate conditions in which they were collected. In this study, we investigated the effect of the calibration period selected on the predictive performance and uncertainty of a model. After classifying the inflows of the Hapcheon Dam from 1991 to 2019 into four hydro-climate conditions (dry, wet, normal, and mixed), a conceptual hydrologic partitioning model was calibrated using data from the same hydro-climate condition. Then, predictive performance and post-parameter statistics were analyzed during the verification period under various hydro-climate conditions. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Hydro-climate conditions during the calibration period have a significant effect on model performance and uncertainty, 2) calibration of a hydrologic model using data in dry hydro-climate conditions is most advantageous in securing model performance for arbitrary hydro-climate conditions, and 3) the dry calibration can lead to more reliable model results.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2018

Purpose: The social environment of easy access to medicines and arbitrary personal decisions leading to overdose aggravate unintentional medicine poisoning. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients who visited emergency departments with unintentional medicine poisoning and reasons for poisoning based on age group. Methods: We retrospectively collected patients who experienced unintentional medicine poisoning based on data from the national injury surveillance system between 2013 and 2016. Subjects were classified into three groups based on age (0-14 years, 15-64 years, and ${\geq}65\;years$). We identified sex, insurance, time of poisoning, place, alcohol co-ingestion, hospitalization, death, and reason for poisoning in each age group. Results: A total of 27,472 patients visited an emergency department with poisoning during the study period; 1,958 patients who experienced unintentional poisoning were enrolled in this study. Respiratory medicine was the most frequent medicine in those younger than 15 years of age, and sedatives and antipsychotic drugs were the most common in patients older than 15 years of age. In total, 35.1% of patients older than 65 years were hospitalized. The most common reasons for poisoning were careless storage of medicine in those younger than 15 years of age and overdose due to arbitrary decisions in those older than 15 years of age. Conclusion: Unintentional medicine poisoning has distinct characteristics based on age group, and strategies to prevent poisoning should be approached differently based on age.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.283-293
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• 2012

A new type of malware that extracts personal and account data over an extended period of time and that apparently is resistant to detection by vaccines has been identified. Generally, a malware is installed on a computer through network-to-network connections by utilizing Web vulnerabilities that contain injection, XSS, broken authentication and session management, or insecure direct-object references, among others. After the malware executes registration of an arbitrary service and an arbitrary process on a computer, it then periodically communicates the collected confidential information to a hacker. This paper is a systematic approach to analyzing a new type of malware called "winweng," a kind of worm that frequently made appearances during the first half of 2011. The research describes how the malware came to be in circulation, how it infects computers, how its operations expose its existence and suggests improvements in responses and countermeasures. Keywords: Malware, Worm, Winweng, SNORT.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.425-433
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• 2014

Adrenal and thyroid hormones are essential for the regulation of intrauterine homeostasis, and for the timely differentiation and maturation of fetal organs. These hormones play complex roles during fetal life, and are believed to underlie the cellular communication that coordinates maternal-fetal interactions. They serve to modulate the functional adaptation for extrauterine life during the perinatal period. The pathophysiology of systemic vasopressor-resistant hypotension is associated with low levels of circulating cortisol, a result of immaturity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in preterm infants under stress. Over the past few decades, studies in preterm infants have shown abnormal clinical findings that suggest adrenal or thyroid dysfunction, yet the criteria used to diagnose adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants continue to be arbitrary. In addition, although hypothyroidism is frequently observed in extremely low gestational age infants, the benefits of thyroid hormone replacement therapy remain controversial. Screening methods for congenital hypothyroidism or congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the preterm neonate are inconclusive. Thus, further understanding of fetal and perinatal adrenal and thyroid function will provide an insight into the management of adrenal and thyroid function in the preterm infant.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 1985

Making use of the arbitrary shock theory developed by Ulmschneider (1967, 1971) and Ulmschneider and Kalkofen (1978), we have calculated the dissipation rates of upward-travelling slow-mode acoustic shock waves in umbral chromospheres for two umbral chromosphere models, a plateau model by Avrett (1981) and a gradient model by Yun and Beebe (1984). The computed shock dissipation rates are compared with the radiative cooling rate given by Avrett (1981). The results show that the slow-mode acoustic shock waves with a period of about 20 second can heat the low umbral chromospheres travelling with a mechanical energy flux of $2.6{\times}10^6\;erg/cm^2s$ at a height of $300{\sim}400km$ above the temperature minimum region.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.396-404
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• 2012

This paper proposes an analysis method to check the schedulability of a set of sporadic tasks under earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduler. The sporadic task model consists of subtasks with precedence constraints, arbitrary arrival times and deadlines. In order to determine the schedulability, we present an approach to find exact worst case response time (WCRT) of subtatsks. With the technique presented in this paper, we exploit the precedence relations between subtasks in an accurate way while taking advantage of the deadline of different subtasks. Another nice feature of our approach is that it avoids calculation time overhead by exploiting the concept of deadline busy period. Experimental results show that this consideration leads to a significant improvement compared with existing work.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.22 no.1_2
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• pp.247-262
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• 2006

The main objective of this paper is to study the boundedness character, the periodic character and the global stability of the positive solutions of the following difference equation $x_{n+1}=\frac{{\alpha}x_n+{\beta}x_{n-1}+{\gamma}x_{n-2}+{\delta}x_{n-3}}{Ax_n+Bx_{n-1}+Cx_{n-2}+Dx{n-3}}$, n=0, 1, 1, ... where the coefficients A, B, C, D, ${\alpha},\;{\beta},\;{\gamma},\;{\delta}$ and the initial conditions x-3, x-2, x-1, x0 are arbitrary positive real numbers.