• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2000

A 35-year-old female patient who had been paraplegic since her upper thoracic cord injury one and a half years before was presented with a syringomyelia involving C7 to T2 cord segments on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Her pain on the chest and bilateral axilla worsened since about 2 years after initial injury, and MRI demonstrated a progressively enlarging cystic syrinx cavity of the cervicothoracic cord. The posttraumatic syringomyelia was managed operatively by lysis of the arachnoid adhesions, myelotomy, and expansile duraplasty. Post-operatively her pain was relieved, and MRI showed decrease in size of the syrinx, and digital infrared thermographic imaging(DITI) showed diminution of the hyperthermic area on the anterior chest. In conclusion, the posttraumatic syringomyelia can be managed successfully without shunt operation. It seems apparent that expansile duraplasty is effective in controlling the posttraumatic syrinx.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2014

The deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 1 is associated with a characteristic facial appearance and a pattern of associated malformations. Characteristic manifestations include a round face with prominent 'cupid's bow' and downturned corners of the mouth, thin vermilion borders of lips, a long upper lip with a smooth philtrum, a short and broad nose, epicanthal folds, apparently low-set ears, micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal hands and feet, variable cardiac or genital anomalies, moderate to severe mental retardation, and growth retardation. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to map precisely the deletion, we present a case of chromosome 1q44 deletion with craniofacial characteristics, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. In comparison with other reported cases of 1q43-44 deletion, the subject does not show hydrocephalus, seizure, syn- or polydactyly of hands, and a urogenital anomaly. However, an arachnoid cyst, pinpoint dimple on the midline of the forehead, a right-sided supernumerary nipple and auricular pit, polydactyly of the right foot, adducted thumb, and flexion restriction of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a simian line in both hands were observed additionally.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.80-83
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• 2015

We present reconstruction of a complicated scalp-dura defect using acellular human dermis and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap. A 62-year-old female had previously undergone decompressive craniectomy for intracranial hemorrhage. The cranial bone flap was cryopreserved and restored to the original location subsequently, but necessitated removal for a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal infection. However, the infectious nidus remained in a dermal substitute that was left over the cerebrum. Upon re-exploration, this material was removed, and frank pus was observed in the deep space just over the arachnoid layer. This was carefully irrigated, and the dural defect was closed with acellular dermal matrix in a watertight manner. The remaining scalp defect was covered using a free latissimus dorsi flap with anastomosis between the thoracodorsal and deep temporal arteries. The wound healed well without complications, and the scalp remained intact without any evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak or continued infection.

• Advances in biomechanics and applications
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.253-267
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• 2014

The human head is identified as the body region most frequently involved in life-threatening injuries. Extensive research based on experimental, analytical and numerical methods has sought to quantify the response of the human head to blunt impact in an attempt to explain the likely injury process. Blunt head impact arising from vehicular collisions, sporting injuries, and falls leads to relative motion between the brain and skull and an increase in contact and shear stresses in the meningeal region, thereby leading to traumatic brain injuries. In this paper the properties and material modeling of the subarachnoid space (SAS) as it relates to Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) is investigated. This was accomplished using a simplified local model and a validated 3D finite element model. First the material modeling of the trabeculae in the Subarachnoid Space (SAS) was investigated and validated, then the validated material property was used in a 3D head model. In addition, the strain in the brain due to an impact was investigated. From this work it was determined that the material property of the SAS is approximately E = 1150 Pa and that the strain in the brain, and thus the severity of TBI, is proportional to the applied impact velocity and is approximately a quadratic function. This study reveals that the choice of material behavior and properties of the SAS are significant factors in determining the strain in the brain and therefore the understanding of different types of head/brain injuries.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2006

Objective : Meningioma is a benign tumor which has a high occurrence rate of postoperative hematomas. The purpose of this study is to analyze risk factors for postoperative hemorrhages after meningioma surgery. Methods : One hundred and fifty three patients with intracranial meningiomas, operated at the Department of Neurosurgery, National Medical Center, between January 1995 and December 2003 were included in this retrospective study. Risk factors considered to be related with postoperative hematomas were age, sex, preoperative pharmacological anticoagulants for medical co-morbidity, tumor location, histological type of the meningioma, infiltration of dural sinus and arachnoid, removal range of tumors, and the perioperative coagulation status including prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and platelet count. Results : Patients' aged more than 70 years with a platelet count of less than $150{\times}10^9{\ell}^{-1}$ after surgery had statistically significant relations to the occurrence rate of postoperative hematomas. The other factors had no statistical significance. Conclusion : Various and intensive preoperative examinations for coagulation factors of patients, especially of older age, and proper transfusion before meningioma surgery are necessary for preventing postoperative hematoma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.347-349
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• 2013

We report a very rare case of cervical compressive myelopathy by an anomalous bilateral vertebral artery (VA) entering the spinal canal at the C1 level and compressing the spinal cord. A 70-year-old woman had been suffering from progressive gait disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that a bilateral VA at the V4 segment had abnormal courses and caused compression to the high cervical cord. VA repositioning was performed by anchoring a suture between the artery and around the arachnoid membrane and dentate ligament, and then, microvascular decompression using a Teflon sponge was done between the VA and the spinal cord. The weakness in the patient improved in the lower extremity after the operation. Anomalous VA could be one of the rare causes of cervical compressive myelopathy. Additionally, an anchoring suture and microvascular decompression around the VA could be a sufficient and safe method to indirectly decompress the spinal canal.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2009

This study plans to classify the art museums in accordance with their spatial organization, analyzing their peculiarities each by its type in order to present the reference required for designing an art museums. With confidence, the analyzation as well as the results of the study contents will make worthy contribution for the future art museums. For this purpose, total of 95 art museums have been selected as the objects of analyzation. First of all, their types have been categorized in accordance with the standard of scale and architectural planning. Out of them, 33 museums have been further selected in order to see how the peculiarities of their patterns are outstanding, and then a quantitative analyzation has been made on each of them to see its space structure by utilizing 'Space Syntax'. Finally, a correlation analyzation of space structure peculiarities has been conducted and the spatial organization peculiarities per type is comprehensively arranged in accordance with the architectural planning and Space Syntax in order to present a new spatial organization per space to be used for the basic planning of the art museum. The contents of this analytical study are summarized as follows: A correlation analyzation on the typological features in terms of architectural planning and on the spatial organization features in terms of the Space Syntax has presented four new types of museum spaces: (1) Radial type, (2) Arachnoid-radial type, (3) Linear type, and (4) Grid type, in the light of which the selected 95 art museums have further been analyzed in order for their features to be reclassified.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2006

사람에서, Chiari 1형 기형은 소뇌 탈출과 척수공동증이 특정인 발달성 장애이다. 이러한 사람의 Chiari 1형 기형과 유사한 질환이 cavalier King Charles spaniels에서 흔히 나타났다. 그러나, 이러한 Chiari 1형 유사 기형이 다른 종의 개에서 진단 보고된 증례가 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 24 마리의 개에서 자기공명영상 장치를 이용하여 Chiari 1형 유사 기형으로 진단된 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 이 개들은 다양한 신경 증상과 다양한 정도의 소뇌 탈출, 척수공동증, 두개관내 거미막 낭종 또는 뇌수종의 병발 질환들을 나타내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-33
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• 2007

Phytophthora rot on broad bean(Vicia faba) occurred in the experimental field at Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services from 2004 to 2006. The fungus isolated from the diseased plants grew well on potato dextrose agar and showed an arachnoid or rosaceous colony pattern. Sporangia were conspicuously papillated, noncaducous, ovoid to globose, and $25-64{\times}18-44{\mu}m$ in size. Oogonia and oospores were spherical and measured as 20-32 ${\mu}m$ and 16-28 ${\mu}m$ in size, respectively. Oospores were relatively small and aplerotic. Antheridia were amphigynous, spherical, and unicellula. Chlamydospores were globose and 18-40 ${\mu}m$ in size. Optimum temperature for growth was about $28^{\circ}C$ on potato dextrose agar. The disease occurred in all parts of the plant including roots, stems, leaves and pods in the field. The symptoms similar to those of naturally infected plants were induced by artificial inoculation and the pathogen was re-isolated from the plant. On the basis of mycological and pathological characteristics, the causal pathogen of broad bean rot was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae. This is the first report of Phytophthora rot of broad bean caused by P. nicotianae in Korea.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.670-673
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• 2009

Purpose: Epidural abscesses and subdural empyemas after craniotomy are uncommon, potentially lethal, complications of neurosurgery. Patients with these complications may be difficult to manage and dural reconstruction in these patients are challenging. Methods: A 28 - year - old female patient showed recurrent intracranial infection after craniotomy for evacuation of a arachnoid cyst and subdural hematoma. Despite prolonged systemic antibiotic administration and a debridement of the subdural space, infection persisted, as evidenced by persistent fever, an elevated WBC count, CSF leakage, low CSF glucose level, and purulent wound discharge. The authors removed the previously applied lyophilized dura and transferred free omental flap to reconstruct the dura, obliterate the cyst and cover the cerebral hemisphere in the craniotomy defect. Microvascular anastomosis was between gastroepiploic and superficial temporal vessels. Results: The postoperative course was uneventful and flap survival was excellent. The infection - resistant omental tissue allowed sufficient blood circulation and dead space control. The patient was discharged 1 month after surgery and wound discharge or recurrence was absent during 13 months of follow up periods. Conclusion: The use of vascularized free omentum proved useful in cases of intractable cranial wound infection and cerebrospinal fluid leakages.