• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-50
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• 2011

Equinus contracture of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex is associated with many foot and ankle diseases. We introduce a new simple technique that can be performed using a minimal incision with simple devices. Briefly, 0.5 cm sized medial and lateral longitudinal skin incisions are made at the level of the distal one third of the calf. The musculotendinous junction of the gastrocnemius is gently transected using an Arachnoid blade. The skin is, then, closed with non-absorbable sutures.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.395-398
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• 1996

A retrospective analysis of 175 patients who were suffering from trigeminal neuralgia was done. We found 21 cases (12.0%) of abnormal findings including brain tumors and cerebrovascular disease on brain MRI. All patients were transferred to department of neurosurgery for operation. Among them, 7 patients refused or gave up operation and received nerve blocks with pure alcohol. Their MRI findings were meningioma, arachnoid cyst, arteriovenous malformation, venous angioma, and frontal sinus cancer This study demonstrates that peripheral nerve block or trigeminal nerve block with pure alcohol would be possible in case of elderly patients, patients who have poor general condition, patients who refuse operation, and brain tumor or cerebrovascular disease which located in dangerous area to be operated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.58-60
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• 2015

A 15-year-old female patient with progressive pulsatile exophthalmos caused by intraorbital encephalocele was evaluated with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in our clinic. She had no history of trauma or reconstructive surgery. When she was a little girl, she had undergone surgery for congenital glaucoma on the right eye. On the three-dimensional image of CT, a hypoplasic bone defect was observed in the greater wing of the right sphenoid bone. MRI and CT scan showed herniation through this defect of the arachnoid membrane and protruded cerebral tissue into the right orbita. Intraorbital encephalocele is an important entity that can cause pulsatile exophthalmos and blindness.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2018

Meningioma originates from arachnoid cap cells and is the second most common intracranial tumor; however, it can also be found in an extracranial location. A very rare primary extracranial meningioma without the presence of an intracranial component has also been reported. Primary extracranial meningiomas have been found in the skin, scalp, middle ear, and nasal cavity. A computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan is necessary to determine the presence or absence of an intracranial meningioma, and a biopsy is essential for diagnosis. We report a case of primary extracranial meningioma located in the forehead skin of a 51-year-old male.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.475-477
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• 2005

The tendency of glioblastoma multiforme[GBM] to metastasize to the cerebrospinal fluidis well documented. However, symptomatic intradural extramedullary metastasis of GBM in the spinal cord are rarely reported. A 31-year-old female with a previously treated supratentorial GBM presented with back pain and lower extremities weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine demonstrated an intradural extramedullary mass at levels of T2-T4 and arachnoid membrane enhancement. The patient underwent an operation. Pathologic diagnosis was confirmed as spinal metastases of GBM. We present a case of spinal metastases from supratentorial GBM presented with paraparesis.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.70-74
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• 2021

Cohen-Gibson syndrome (CGS) was first reported by Cohen et al., who identified the mutation of the gene encoding the embryonic ectoderm development (EED) in a patient with phenotypes similar to Weaver syndrome. CGS manifests as an overgrowth and intellectual disability, in addition to the characteristic facial features and organ anomalies. CGS has been reported in only 11 unrelated patients since 2015. A girl aged 6 years and 3 months presented with seizures. She had macrosomia, a dysmorphic face, and intellectual disability. Her mother and younger sister and brother also had macrosomia, intellectual disability, and similar facial features; additionally, her mother experienced seizures and had an arachnoid cyst, while her siblings had valvar pulmonary stenosis. Whole-exome sequencing for the proband revealed a mutation of EED (c.581A>G, p.Asn194Ser), which was also verified in the mother and both siblings using Sanger sequencing. This is the first report of familial CGS.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.464-468
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• 2015

6살의 중성화한 수컷 말티즈는 운동실조로 인하여 내원하였다. 본 증례는 일반방사선 촬영, 컴퓨터단층촬영, 자기공명영상을 실시하여 낭종의 위치, 크기, 척수와의 관련성 및 동반된 질환을 알 수 있었다. 자기공명영상 결과 T1W과 FLAIR 영상에서는 hypointense한 영역, T2W 영상에서는 hyperintense한 영역이 L1~2 척수의 등쪽으로 나타났다. 이는 CSF와 동일한 신호로 나타났으며, 등쪽에서 척수를 압박하여 배쪽으로 이동시켰다. 낭종의 길이는 25 mm, 두께는 4 mm로 나타났다. 무증상일 경우는 치료가 필요 없으나, 본 증례는 신경학적 이상이 나타나 수술적 치료를 실시하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.355-358
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• 2011

Objective : Subdural hygroma (SDG) is a complication occurring after head trauma that may occur secondary to decompressive craniectomy (DC). However, the mechanism underlying SDG formation is not fully understood. Also, the relationship between the operative technique of DC or the decompressive effect and the occurrence and pathophysiology of SDG has not been clarified. Purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of SDG after DC in our series. Methods : From January 2004 to December 2008, DC was performed in 85 patients who suffered from traumatic brain injury. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological features. For comparative analysis, we divided the patients into 2 groups : one group with SDG after craniectomy (19 patients; 28.4% of the total sample), the other group without SDG (48 patients; 71.6%). The risk factors for developing SDG were then analyzed. Results : The mean Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at discharge of the groups with and without SDG were 2.8 and 3.1, respectively (p<0.0001). Analysis of radiological factors showed that a midline shift in excess of 5 mm on CT scans was present in 19 patients (100%) in the group with SDG and in 32 patients (66.7%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). An accompanying subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was seen in 17 patients (89.5%) in the group with SDG and in 29 patients (60.4%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). Delayed hydrocephalus accompanied these findings in 10 patients (52.6%) in the group with SDG, versus 5 patients (10.4%) in the group without SDG (p<0.05). On CT, compression of basal cisterns was observed in 14 members (73.7%) in the group with SDG and in 18 members of the group without SDG (37.5%) (p<0.007). Furthermore, tearing of the arachnoid membrane, as observed on CT, was more common in all patients in the group with SDG (100%) than in the group without SDG (31 patients; 64.6%) (p<0.05). Conclusion : GOS showed statistically significant difference in the clinical risk factors for SDG between the group with SDG and the group without SDG. Analysis of radiological factors indicated that a midline shifting exceeding 5 mm, SAH, delayed hydrocephalus, compression of basal cisterns, and tearing of the arachnoid membrane were significantly more common in patients with SDG.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2006

In 2004 and 2005, Phytophthora rot on Luffa cylindrica which had not been reported in Korea occurred in the experimental field at Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services. The disease initiated on leaves and fruits of the plant with small watersoaked dark brown spots and progressed rapidly. The causal pathogen isolated from diseased tissues was identified as a Phytophthora sp. because of aseptate mycelia and zoospores released directly from sporangia. The fungus grew well on PDA and 10% V-8 juice agar showing an arachnoid or rosaceous colony pattern. Sporangia formed abundantly in water and were conspicuously papillate, noncaducous, ovoid to globose, and sized $26\sim62\times19\sim38{\mu}m$. The fungus was heterothallic as producing sexual reproduction structures only when mated with only A2 standard mating type strain. Oogonia and oospores were spherical, smooth walled, and measured as $20\sim28{\mu}m\;and\;16\sim24{\mu}m$, respectively. Oospores were aplerotic and antheridia were amphigynous, unicellula and spherical. Chlamydospores were globose and $20\sim38{\mu}m$ in diameter. Optimum temperature for growth was around $28\sim30^{\circ}C$. The fungus caused similar symptoms on artificially inoculated plant and could be re-isolated thereby proving Koch's postulation. Based on the mycological criteria investigated in this study, the causal fungus of Luffa sylindrica rot was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae. This is the first report of Phytophthora rot of Luffa cylindrica caused by P. nicotianae in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.120-122
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• 2007

Meningiomas arise from meningothelial cells that line the arachnoid membrane. So most meningiomas are dural-based lesion. But meningiomas without dural-attachment do occur and are less common. We report our experience of intraparenchymal sylvian fissure menigioma. A 21-year-old female presented with a one-month history of headache that was associated with long-term intermittent partial seizure. CT revealed about $4.5{\times}4.3{\times}5.5cm$ sized calcified mass with enhancement in right temporal lobe. On MR imaging, the lesion was observed in the right temporal lobe that was low-signal intensity on T2WI and iso-signal intensity on T1WI with well enhancement. Operation was performed via right orbitocranial approach. The internal surface of dura was intact. Tumor was totally removed except the capsule of tumor adhered to main trunk of middle cerebral artery. The histopathology showed meningioma, psammomatous type. Intraparenchymal meningioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraaxial lesions in patients of any age group.