• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2021

Flies of the genus Lispe are large, dark gray, and have well-developed palpi. Most Lispe species are found in damp sandy and muddy environments, such as borders of marshes, seashore areas, swamps, lakes, ponds, streams, and rice paddy fields. Both adults and larvae are predators of various small aquatic insects. Previously, five species of Lispe had been identified in Korea: L. assimilis Wiedemann, 1824, L. litorea Fallén, 1825, L. orientalis Wiedemann, 1824, L. patellitarsis Becker, 1914, and L. tentaculata (DeGeer, 1776). In this paper, we record a sixth Lispe species, L. consanguinea Loew, 1858, for the first time in Korea. The diagnosis and illustrations of this species are provided in addition to a key to the Korean Lispe species.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2022

The genus Dichaeta Megen is a small group of acalyptratae flies belonging to the subfamily Notiphilinae in the family Ephydridae. Up to now, six species are recorded only in the Northern Hemisphere. Adults are small flies and typically found in the sedge and grass around lentic and lotic aquatic systems, and larvae feed on saprophytic microorganisms. Adults are readily recognized with the following peculiar morphology of the male abdomen: fourth abdominal tegite with some markedly long setae along its posterior margin, and these setae sometimes extend beyond the length of the posterior apex of the abdomen; modified fifth abdominal tergite produced posteriorly, either forming a slender and elongated tube with two to three larger and elongated terminal setae. This genus is recorded for the first time in the Korean fauna based on the discovery of a nominated species, Dichaeta caudata (Fallén, 1813). Diagnoses and figures about the firstly recorded species are provided herein.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.248-253
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• 2023

Flies of the genus Lispe Latreille are widely distributed worldwide, with over 150 species recorded, of which 57 are distributed in the Palearctic region. Larvae mainly live in sandy or mudy environments, and adults are found nearby. Both adults and larvae are predators of a variety of small aquatic insects. Until now, a total of six species have been recorded in the Korean fauna. In the course of taxonomic research of Korean house flies, the authors discovered two new unrecorded species, L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) and L. pygmaea Fallén, 1825. The diagnoses and illustrations of these species are provided with the key to the Korean Lispe species.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 1990

Experimental infection and histopathological study using a deleterious aquatic fungus (Saprolegnia diclina type I) were carried out in the eels (Anguilla japonica) to know what pathological changes the fungus would produce in the affected eels. The eels in group A and B which were treated with fish net were not susceptible to experimental infection. In group C which the cuticle was scraped by artificial treatment, the aquatic fungi were invading all the eel bodies including the desquamated lesions. Histopathologically, the affected eels were markedly reduced in number of goblet cells and showed moderate damage of the clavate cells. Nodular formation involving ecchymotic hemorrhage was seen in some affected areas. The eels survived to 25 days after experimental infection.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.502-508
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• 2001

The extracellualr hemolysin produced by pathogenic Vibrio furnissii was isolated and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and followed by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 (1st and 2nd) ion-exchange and Sephadex G-100 gel permeation chromatography. The molecular weight of the purified hemolysin was 61 kDa. The enzyme activity was inactivated by heating at 60 for 5 min, and inhibited by additions of $Cu^{2+},\;Zn^{2+}$ and a high concentration of cholesterol. Lysis of human erythrocytes by the enzyme was temperature dependent, and optimal temperature of the enzyme was $37^{\circ}C$. The purified hemolysin was unstable at pH 6.0, 6.5 and 10.0. The optimal concentration of human erythrocytes on hemolysins was about $1.5\%$. The purified hemolysin was active for erythrocytes from three animal species including mouse, rabbit and rat, and was the most active against rabbit erythrocytes. B blood group of human erythrocytes also showed a high sensitivity to the enzyme.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

Chlorella has been reported to have certain beneficial physiological effects, including hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, antioxidative, and anti-tumor activities in animal and human studies. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activities of an 80% methanol extract(CE-Met), hexane fraction (CE-Hex), and ethyl acetate fraction (CE-EA) of Chlorella ellipsoidea in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage. Treatment with various concentrations of the C. ellipsoidea extract resulted m a significant, dose-dependent reduction in nitric oxide (NO) production by LPS-induced macrophages. The C. ellipsoidea extract significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO production accompanied by an attenuation of IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ formation in macrophages. These results suggest potent inhibit이y effects on the production of inflammatory mediators by a C. ellipsoidea extract. Thus, C. ellipsoidea extract may be a potent anti-inflammatory agent for troubled skin.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.12.1-12.8
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• 2016

Roe is the term used to describe fish eggs (oocytes) gathered in skeins and is one of the most valuable food products from fishery sources. Thus, means of processing are required to convert the underutilized yellowfin tuna roes (YTR) into more marketable and acceptable forms as protein concentrate. Roe protein concentrates (RPCs) were prepared by cooking condition (boil-dried concentrate, BDC and steam-dried concentrate, SDC, respectively) and un-cooking condition (freeze-dried concentrate, FDC) from yellowfin tuna roe. The yield of RPCs was in the range from 22.2 to 25.3 g/100 g of roe. RPCs contained protein (72.3-77.3 %), moisture (4.3-5.6 %), lipid (10.6-11.3 %) and ash (4.3-5.7 %) as the major constituents. The prominent amino acids of RPCs were aspartic acid, 8.7-9.2, glutamic acid, 13.1-13.2, and leucine, 8.5-8.6 g/100 g of protein. Major differences were not observed in each of the amino acid. K, S, Na, and P as minerals were the major elements in RPCs. No difference noted in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein band (15-100 K) possibly representing partial hydrolysis of myosin. Therefore, RPCs from YTR could be use potential protein ingredient for human food and animal feeds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2020

Fish roe is among the most valuable food resources produced by fisheries. Raw fish roe requires processing for conversion into hygienic, marketable, and consumer-acceptable forms. In this study, to investigate the food compositional characteristics of various types of fish roe, we applied vacuum freeze-drying to prepare fish roe concentrates (FRCs) from roe of Alaska pollack Theragra chlcogramma, bastard halibut Paralichythys olivaceus, and skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis. The FRC yield ranged from 22.7 to 26.7 g/100 g roe. The major constituents of FRCs were protein (65.4-79.6%), moisture (2.8-6.2%), lipids (8.5-18.3%), and ash (4.8-7.2%). Potassium, sulfur, sodium, and phosphorus were the major mineral elements of FRCs, and the major amino acids were aspartic acid (9.0-10.4 g/100 g protein), glutamic acid (13.2-14.5 g/100 g protein), lysine (8.4-8.6 g/100 g protein), and leucine (8.3-9.7 g/100 g protein). Vacuum freeze-dried FRCs differed among fish species in terms of amino acid composition and electrophoresis protein band distribution. Therefore, FRCs are an excellent source of protein nutrition and an appropriate protein fortification material in human foods or animal feed.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2012

Minerals from marine materials such as deep ocean water and Dead Sea water have been used since ancient times. We made a mask pack sheet including deep ocean water and salt from the Dead Sea and evaluated the function of the mask pack sheet through animal study. Three full-thickness skin defects were made on the backs of Sprague-Dawley rats. The wounds were left untreated in group Con, and mask pack sheets including deep ocean water or deep ocean water and Dead Sea water were used as treatment for 20 min on the skin of animals in groups DP and DDP, respectively. We analyzed the gross, histological and biochemical findings. Groups DDP and DP showed decreases in wound size, as compared to group Con at 7 days after wound infliction. The histological findings revealed that wound healing had progressed further in groups DP and DDP than in group Con, with more rapid collagen deposition and regression of neutrophils. Also, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor ${\beta}1$ were increased in groups DDP and DP compared with those in group Con at 3 days after wound infliction. Mask sheet packs including deep ocean water and Dead Sea salt affected wound healing by reducing the inflammatory phase and stimulated wound contracture by facilitating the deposition of collagen.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2014

The brown alga Saccharina japonica is consumed as a foodstuff in many countries. Carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) is a potent hepatotoxin that is used to assess hepatotoxicity in animal models. This study assessed the protective effect of S. japonica extract (SJE) on $CCl_4$-induced acute liver injury in rats. Experimental rats were divided into the following three groups: control, $CCl_4$, and $CCl_4$+SJE; the latter two groups were given 150 or 300 mg SJE/kg orally for 10 days. Three hours after the final treatment, all rats-except for those in the control group-were administered intraperitoneal injections of $CCl_4$. One day later, blood and liver samples were collected for evaluation biomarker of levels. Aspartate transaminase (APT; GPT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; GOT) levels were markedly lower in the $CCl_4$+SJE group than the $CCl_4$ group. The hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the $CCl_4$+SJE group was significantly lower than that of the $CCl_4$ group. In comparison, glutathione S-transferase (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels were significantly higher in the $CCl_4$+SJE group. Western blotting revealed that SJE attenuated the $CCl_4$-induced EGFR and MAPK activity in the liver. Thus, we conclude that SJE protects against $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity.