• 제목/요약/키워드: Approximation formula

검색결과 124건 처리시간 0.03초

일반화된 Hoek-Brown 파괴기준식을 만족하는 최소주응력의 해석적 근사식 (Approximate Analytical Formula for Minimum Principal Stress Satisfying the Generalized Hoek-Brown Failure Criterion)

  • 이연규
    • 터널과지하공간
    • /
    • 제31권6호
    • /
    • pp.480-493
    • /
    • 2021
  • 일반화된 Hoek-Brown(GHB) 파괴기준식은 GSI 값을 이용하여 현장 암반조건이 반영된 강도정수 값을 효과적으로 결정할 수 있기 때문에 암반공학 분야에서 표준 파괴기준식의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 GHB 파괴기준식의 비선형적 형태는 이 식의 수학적 취급을 어렵게 하고 이 식의 적용 범위를 제약하는 요인이 되고 있다. GHB 파괴기준식의 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위한 노력의 하나로 Taylor 다항함수 근사원리를 적용하여 파괴 최대주응력에 대응하는 최소주응력을 근사적으로 계산할 수 있는 명시적, 해석적 수식을 유도하였다. 근사식으로 구한 최소주응력과 수치해석적으로 계산한 정해를 비교하여 이 연구에서 유도한 최소주응력 근사식의 정확성을 검증하였다. 연구결과의 응용사례를 제시하기 위해 근사 최소주응력 계산식을 활용하여 GHB 암반에 굴착된 원형터널 주변에 예상되는 소성영역의 등가 마찰각과 등가 점착력을 계산하였다. 소성영역의 등가 Mohr-Coulomb 강도정수를 정밀하기 산정하기 위해서는 mi, GSI, 초기지압의 크기를 동시에 고려하는 것이 중요한 것으로 나타났다.

중저층 상부벽식 하부골조 구조의 고유주기 산정식에 관한 연구 (Study on the Equation of Natural Period of Middle and Low Rise Building of Upper-Walled Lower Frame Type)

  • 유석형
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
    • /
    • 제25권5호
    • /
    • pp.60-67
    • /
    • 2021
  • 국토교통부(2018)의 「필로티 건축물 구조설계 가이드라인」에서는 국내 필로티 형식의 다세대 주택과 같이 중저층의 상부벽식 하부 골조구조를 이루고 있는 복합구조의 고유주기를 안전성을 고려하여 상부 벽식구조에 해당하는 식을 적용하도록 제시하고 있다. 그러나 현행 벽식구조의 고유주기 산정 기준식은 주로 휨 거동하는 고층 벽식구조를 대상으로 한 실측 결과를 통하여 제정된 것으로서 벽체가 전단거동을 하는 국내 4층이하 필로티형 다세대 주택에는 적합하지 않을 것으로 사료되며, 또한, Park et al. (2000)은 해석적 연구를 통하여 10층 이상의 복합구조물의 고유주기에서 하부 골조구조의 영향이 상부 벽식구조보다 크게 작용하고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 중저층 필로티 구조의 고유주기에 미치는 하부골조의 영향을 검토하기 위하여 상부 벽식구조의 전단 및 휨 강성과 하부골조구조의 전단강성을 변수로 하는 대상 구조물들에 대하여 유한요소 모델을 이용한 고유치 해석과 고유주기 산정 근사식 그리고 현행 고유주기 산정 기준식을 이용하여 고유주기를 산출하고 비교하였다. 비교결과 하부골조의 전단강성변화가 상부벽체의 휨 또는 전단강성의 변화보다 건물 전체의 고유주기에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

A NOTE ON A FINITE ELEMENT METHOD DEALING WITH CORNER SINGULARITIES

  • Kim, Seok-Chan;Woo, Gyung-Soo;Park, Tae-Hoon
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
    • /
    • 제7권2호
    • /
    • pp.493-506
    • /
    • 2000
  • Recently the first author and his coworker report a new finite element method for the Poisson equations with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on a polygonal domain with one re-entrant angle [7], They use the well-known fact that the solution of such problem has a singular representation, deduced a well-posed new variational problem for a regular part of solution and an extraction formula for the so-called stress intensity factor using tow cut-off functions. They use Fredholm alternative an Garding's inequality to establish the well-posedness of the variational problem and finite element approximation, so there is a maximum bound for mesh h theoretically. although the numerical experiments shows the convergence for every reasonable h with reasonable size y imposing a restriction to the support of the extra cut-off function without using Garding's inequality. We also give error analysis with similar results.

FIBREWISE INFINITE SYMMETRIC PRODUCTS AND M-CATEGORY

  • Hans, Scheerer;Manfred, Stelzer
    • 대한수학회보
    • /
    • 제36권4호
    • /
    • pp.671-682
    • /
    • 1999
  • Using a base-point free version of the infinite symmetric product we define a fibrewise infinite symmetric product for any fibration $E\;\longrightarrow\;B$. The construction works for any commutative ring R with unit and is denoted by $R_f(E)\;l\ongrightarrow\;B$. For any pointed space B let $G_I(B)\;\longrightarrow\;B$ be the i-th Ganea fibration. Defining $M_R-cat(B):= inf{i\midR_f(G_i(B))\longrihghtarrow\;B$ admits a section} we obtain an approximation to the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of B which satisfies .g.a product formula. In particular, if B is a 1-connected rational space of finite rational type, then $M_Q$-cat(B) coincides with the well-known (purely algebraically defined) M-category of B which in fact is equal to cat (B) by a result of K.Hess. All the constructions more generally apply to the Ganea category of maps.

  • PDF

A study of parameter estimation of stochastic volatility model

  • Tsukui, Makiko;Furuta, Katsuhisa
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 제어로봇시스템학회 1991년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 22-24 Oct. 1991
    • /
    • pp.1858-1863
    • /
    • 1991
  • The theory of stock option pricing has, recently, attracted attention of many researchers interested not only in finance but also in statistics and control theory. In this field, the problem of estimating stock return volatility is, above all, of great importance in calculating actual stock option value. In this paper, we assume that the stock market is represented by the stochastic volatility model which is the same as that of Hull and White. Then, we propose an approximation function of option value. It is a type of Black-Sholes option formula in which the first and the second order moments of logarithmic stock value are modified in a special form from the original model. Finally, an algorithm of estimating the parameters of the stochastic volatility model is given, and parameters are estimated by using Nikkei 225 index option data.

  • PDF

$Al_0.3Ga_0.7As$/GaAs 다중 양자우물 적외선 광검출기 구조의 Photoreflectance 연구 (A Study on the photoreflectance chracterization of $Al_0.3Ga_0.7As$/GaAs multi-quantum well infrared photodetector structures)

  • 이정열;김기홍;손정식;배인호;임재영;김인수
    • 한국진공학회지
    • /
    • 제8권3B호
    • /
    • pp.308-314
    • /
    • 1999
  • We used the photoreflectance spectroscopy for characterization of the infrared photodetector structure we GaAs/$Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$ multi-quantum well (MQW) structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. Energy gap related transitions in GaAS and AlGaAs were observed. The Al composition(x) was determined b Sek's composition formula. MQW related transition energies were identify the transitions, the experimentally observed energies were compare with results of the envelope function approximation for a rectangular quantum well.

  • PDF

WKB 근사를 이용한 다중 계단형 광도파로의 해석 (Analysis of Multiple Step-Index Waveguide by the WKB Approximation)

  • 서정훈;이세호;이병권;김창민
    • 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
    • /
    • 제48권2호
    • /
    • pp.141-146
    • /
    • 1999
  • The eigenvalue equations of multiple waveguides with step-index profile are derived by using the WKB theory. Phase changes unique to step-index discontinuity areintroduced when applying the WKB connection formula to turning points. The transfer matrix method is employed for the analysis of multiple structure and the derived eigenvalue equation are represented in the recursive form. The results by the WKB are compared with those by the FEM for a three-waveguide coupler.

  • PDF

Arrayed Waveguide Grating의 스펙트럼해석 (Spectral Analysis of Arrayed Waveguide Grating)

  • 정재훈
    • 전기전자학회논문지
    • /
    • 제8권1호
    • /
    • pp.121-127
    • /
    • 2004
  • Arrayed waveguide grating의 스펙트럼을 해석하기 위해 Fresnel Kirchhoff diffraction 식과 Fraunhofer diffraction 근사식을 이용하여 실제로 제작되는 16채널 및 40채널의 arrayed waveguide grating에 대해 적용해 보았으며 Fraunhofer diffraction 근사식을 적용할 때 생기는 문제점을 모델별로 도출하였고 그 오차를 실제의 공정오차와 비교하였다.

  • PDF

Evaluation on MRC Diversity Reception of M-ary PSK and DPSK Signals on Wireless Fading Channels

  • Kim, Chung-Sock;Kim, Chang-Hwan;Jin, Yong-Ok
    • Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
    • /
    • 제7권3호
    • /
    • pp.109-115
    • /
    • 2007
  • The performances of M-ary PSK(MPSK) systems using L-branch maximum ratio combining(MRC) diversity reception in frequency-nonselective slow Rician fading channels are derived theoretically. Especially we investigate the effect of number of symbols on the difference between the approximation to bit error probability and the exact bit error rate(BER) in evaluating the performance of MPSK signals through numerical analyses. On the other hand, when M-ary DPSK(MDPSK) signals experience the Rician fading channels, the general formula for evaluating BER of MDPSK signals in the independent branch diversity system is presented using the integral-form expressions.

HIGH ORDER EMBEDDED RUNGE-KUTTA SCHEME FOR ADAPTIVE STEP-SIZE CONTROL IN THE INTERACTION PICTURE METHOD

  • Balac, Stephane
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
    • /
    • 제17권4호
    • /
    • pp.238-266
    • /
    • 2013
  • The Interaction Picture (IP) method is a valuable alternative to Split-step methods for solving certain types of partial differential equations such as the nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger equation or the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Although very similar to the Symmetric Split-step (SS) method in its inner computational structure, the IP method results from a change of unknown and therefore do not involve approximation such as the one resulting from the use of a splitting formula. In its standard form the IP method such as the SS method is used in conjunction with the classical 4th order Runge-Kutta (RK) scheme. However it appears to be relevant to look for RK scheme of higher order so as to improve the accuracy of the IP method. In this paper we investigate 5th order Embedded Runge-Kutta schemes suited to be used in conjunction with the IP method and designed to deliver a local error estimation for adaptive step size control.