• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-54
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• 2021

Purpose: Delivery food orders are on the rise due to the COVID 19 pandemic. Many customers are ordering food through delivery apps rather than visiting restaurants to eat out. Delivery application platforms are growing due to the development of O2O. Most of the people who provide gig worker for delivery applications are rider. Rider provides labor on their own terms and have more work flexibility and autonomy than ordinary workers. Trust can be transferred from a well-known entity to an unknown entity. From the customer's point of view of using the delivery application, trust can be seen through the third-party trust of the delivery application platform-rider-customer. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effect on delivery application trust and rider trust through the well-known characteristics of delivery applications. Research design, data, and methodology: This study was conducted on Korean consumers over 20 years of age who have ordered food through a delivery application for the past month. After educating 5 investigators about the purpose of this study, 60 copies of the survey were conducted per person. During the investigation period, from September 2 to September 26, 2021, 322 copies were collected over 25 days. Among the collected questionnaires, 37 were excluded from insincere or partially unanswered, and 285 were used for analysis. In addition, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0. Result: As a result of the study, convenience, price, and variety of restaurants were found to have a significant positive (+) effect on app trust, but design did not have a significant effect on app trust. Also, it was found that convenience had a significant positive (+) effect on trust in rider, but design, price, and variety of restaurants did not have a significant effect. App trust was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on rider trust and intention to use, and it was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on rider trust and intention to use. Conclusions: First, this study established a structural framework between delivery application characteristics-delivery-app trust-rider trust-intention to use. Second, in this study, it was found that customer trust in well-known delivery applications was transferred to less-known rider trust. Third, the delivery application should increase the convenience of use. Fourth, delivery application should set the delivery fee appropriately. Fifth, delivery application must continuously train the rider.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.12
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• pp.227-252
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• 1999

In this Article the writer introduces the origin and preparation of "the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts". In May 1994 the Governing Council of the UNIDROIT gave its formal imprimatur to the UNIDROIT Principles and recommended their widest possible distribution in practice. After brief discussion of the establishment procedure of the UNIDROIT Principles the writer discusses the legal nature of the Principles as an international restatement of contract law. The UNIDROIT Principles has more flexibility than international convention. But it has deficit in the sense of legal stability. Also the scope of application of the Principles was discussed. It can be applied only to the international commercial contracts. It includes two basic principles in it's application, i. e. "commercial contracts" and "international contracts". For the rest of the Article the writer concentrates on the contents of the Principles and the basic ideas underlying the Principles from the point of view of the comparision between the UNIDROIT Principles and "the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods" (CISG). The UNIDROIT Principles are only restatements and the CISG is an international convention. The application of the CISG is obligatory due to its nature as an international convention. In the contrary the possibility of the application of the UNIDROIT Principles is more flexible. The UNIDROIT Principles is a more comprehensive instrument than CISG. Therefore it can be applied to all kinds of international commercial contracts. In the contrary the CISG can be applied only to international sales contract. Since CISG only deals with contracts for the sale of goods, and the scope of the UNIDROIT Principles is much wider, no overlap can occur where contracts other than sales contracts are concerned. Rather the UNIDROIT Principles can supplement the CISG and the CISG also can be criteria in interpreting the UNIDROIT Principles. As the conclusion the writer summarizes the meanings of the UNIDROIT Principles and presupposed the futur perspectives of the Principles.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2020

Background: Flat-footed persons with collapsed medial longitudinal arch lose flexibility after skeletal maturity, resulting in several deformities and soft tissue injuries. Although arch support taping is usually applied in the clinic to support the collapsed arch, research on the use of different types of tape for more efficient arch support in flat-footed persons is lacking. Objects: The purpose of this study was to examine three conditions (barefoot, kinesio tape, and dynamic tape) and compare their effects on static and dynamic balance in persons with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot. Methods: Twenty-two subjects (9 females and 13 males) with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot participated in this study. The subjects performed the Y-balance test to measure the composite reach score. The subjects also performed a 30-second standing test to measure the center of pressure (COP) path length and a walking test to measure anteroposterior and lateral variability using the Zebris FDM system. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance compared the three conditions applied to the subjects' feet for each balance variable. Results: The composite reach score significantly increased following the application of dynamic tape compared with barefoot and that of kinesio tape compared with barefoot. There was no significant difference in the COP path length during standing among the three conditions. Anteroposterior and lateral variability during walking significantly with dynamic tape application compared with barefoot. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that, in persons with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot, application of kinesio tape and dynamic tape may be effective in increasing the composite reach score in Y-balance test, whereas application of dynamic tape may be effective in reducing anteroposterior and lateral variability during walking.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.196.1-196.1
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• 2016

TCO(Transparent Conducting Oxide) on flat glass is used in thin-film photovoltaic cell, flat-panel display. Nowadays, Corning(R) Willow Glass(R), known as flexible substrate, has attracted much attention due to its many advantages such as reliable roll-to-roll glass processing, high-quality flexible electronic devices, high temperature process. Also, it can be an alternative to flexible polymer substrates which have their poor stability and degradation of electrical and optical qualities. For application on willow glass, the flexibility, electrical, optical properties can be greatly influenced by the TCO thin film thickness due to the inherent characterization of thin film in nanoscale. It can be expected that while thick TCO layer causes poor transparency, its sheet resistance become low. Also, rarely reports were focusing on the influence of flexible properties by varying TCO thickness on flexible glass. Therefore, it is very important to optimize TCO thickness on flexible Willow glass. In this study, Ti-ZnO thin films, with different thickness varied from 0 nm to 50 nm, were deposited on the flexible willow glass by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The flexible, electrical and optical properties were investigated, respectively. Also, these properties of Ti-doped ZnO thin films were compared with un-doped ZnO thin film. Based on the results, when Ti-ZnO thin films thickness increased, resistivity decreased and then saturated; transmittance decreased. The Figure of Merit (FoM) and flexibility was the highest when Ti-ZnO thickness was 40nm. The flexible, electrical and optical properties of Ti-ZnO thin films were better than ZnO thin film at the same thickness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2009

Purpose：The hamstring muscle has an important role in standing, walking and other functions related to daily living. Most people with Cerebral Palsy(CP) have muscle tightness, especially in the hamstring, which may cause abnormal alignment in the lower extremities. To investigate an effective treatment for hamstring muscle tightness by observing the effects of heat pack or Soft tissue mobilization(STM) on hamstring muscles. Methods：Thirteen-two volunteers with CP aged between 9 and 13 years($M\pmSD$: $11\pm1.46$), were recruited and divided into four groups of four: (1) the STM for people with Spastic CP group, (2) the heat pack(HP) for people with Spastic CP group, (3) the STM for people with Mixd CP group, and (4) the heat pack for people with Mixed CP group. All received treatment three times per week for six weeks. A inclinometer was used to measure for hip flexion & knee extension joint range motion(ROM). Results：The ROM of hip flexion & knee extension were improved at the STM and HP for people with Spastic CP groups. The ROM and hip flexion were improved at the STM and HP for people with Mixed CP groups. The amount of increase ROM are differenced by the types of CP. Conculusion：STM and heat pack, both are effective for people with CP especially for Spastic CP.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.82-90
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• 2004

The mechanical characteristics of three types of core with two-dimensional isotropic patterns-triangular, hexagonal and starcell-were studied in applications to sandwich structures. The Young's modulus and shear modulus were calculated for the three core types in the direction normal to the faces. The compressive buckling strength and shear buckling strength were calculated by modeling each cell wall of the core as a plate under compressive or shear load. To verify this model, tests were conducted on scaled specimens to measure the compressive buckling strength of each core. The bending flexibilites of the three cores were also studied. Compliances for the three cores were measured using biaxial flexural tests. The three isotropic core patterns exhibited distinct characteristics. In the direction normal to the faces, all three cores had the same stiffness. However, the starcell core exhibited high flexibility compared to the other cores, indicating potential for application to curved sandwich structures.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.5
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• pp.399-406
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• 2010

Many problems are arisen due to the weakness in the security and invasion to privacy by malicious attacker or internal users while various data services are available in ubiquitous network environment. The matter of controlling security for various contents and large capacity of data has appeared as an important issue to solve this problem. The allocation methods of Ito, Saito and Nishizeki based on traditional polynomial require all shares to restore the secret information shared. On the contrary, the secret information can be restored if the shares beyond the threshold value is collected. In addition, it has the effect of distributed DBMS operation which distributes and restores the data, especially the flexibility in realization by using parameters t,v,k in combinatorial design which has regularity in DB server and share selection. This paper discuss the construction of new share allocation method and data distribution/storage management with the application of matrix structure of t-(v,k,1) design for allocating share when using secret sharing in management scheme to solve the matter of allocating share.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2406-2414
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• 2013

The data-driven IT project model has been improved by adding processes such as analysis/design of data structure and channels of data collection/distribution, application of data standard and securing the flexibility in IT convergence devices data configuration on existing informatization project procedure driven by HW and SW function. This model focused on the evaluation of improvement effect which warrants data flexibility of IT convergence device. IT convergence device was divided into sensor and reactor and a situation when new information system is additionally linked to these devices was assumed. The system improvement complexity and index on network environment were estimated and they were compared to existing method.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1987

Magnetic Resonance (M.R.) is rapidly emerging technique that provides high quality images and potentially provides much more diagnostic information than do conventional imaging modalities. M.R.I. is conceptually quite different from currently used imaging methods. The complex nature of M.R.I. allows a great deal of flexibility in image product ion and available information, and key points are as follows. 1. M.R.I. offers a non-invasive technique with which to gene rate in vivo human images without ionizing radiation and with no known adverse biological effects. 2. Imaging mechanism of M.R.I. is quite different from conventional imaging modality and for more accurate diagnostic application, It is necessary for physician to understand imaging mechanism of M.R.I. 3. M.R. makes available basic chemical parameters that may provide to be useful for diagnostic medical imaging and more specific pathophysiologic information which are not available by alternate techniques. 4. M.R. can be produced by number of different methods. This flexibility allows the imaging technique to be applicated for particular clinical purpose. Multiplanar and three dimensional imaging may extend the imaging process beyond the single section available with current CT. 5. Future directions include efforts to; a. Further development of hard ware b. More fasternning scan time c. Respiratory and cardiac gated imaging d. Imaging of additional nuclei except hydrogen e. Further development of contrast media f. M.R. in vivo spectroscopy g. Real time M.R. imaging.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.641-652
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• 2017

In general, conventional analysis and design of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures overlook the role of beam-column (RCBC) joints. Nowadays, the rigid joint model is one of the most common for RCBC joints: the joint is assumed to be rigid (unable to deform) and stronger than the adjacent beams and columns (does not fail before them). This model is popular because (i) the application of the capacity design principles excludes the possibility of the joint failing before the adjacent beams and (ii) many believe that the actual behaviour of RCBC joints designed according to the seismic codes produced mainly after the 1980s can be assumed to be nominally rigid. This study investigates the relevance of the deformation of RCBC joints in a standard pushover analysis at several levels: frame, storey, element and cross-section. Accordingly, a RC frame designed according to preliminary versions of EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1998-1 was analysed, considering the nonlinear behaviour of beams and columns by means of a standard sectional fibre model. Two alternative models were used for the RCBC joints: the rigid model and an explicit component based nonlinear model. The effect of RCBC joints modelling was found to be twofold: (i) the flexibility of the joints substantially increases the frame lateral deformation for a given load (30 to 50%), and (ii) in terms of seismic performance, it was found that joint flexibility (ii-1) appears to have a minor effect on the force and displacement corresponding to the performance point (seismic demand assessed at frame level), but (ii-2) has a major influence on the seismic demand when assessed at storey, element and cross-section levels.