• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.10-24
• /
• 2015

This study introduces a fatigue assessment procedure using mesh-insensitive structural stress method based on the Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carriers by considering important factors, such as mean stress and thickness effects. The fatigue assessment result of mesh-insensitive structural stress method have been compared with CSR procedure based on equivalent notch stress at major hot spot points in the area near the ballast hold for a 180 K bulk carrier. The possibility of implementing mesh-insensitive structural stress method in the fatigue assessment procedure for ship structures is discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.19-22
• /
• 1989

The suitability of BMPI (2-bromo-N-methyl pyridinium iodide) for solid-phase peptide synthesis was investigated. The coupling rate of BMPI/HOBT procedure. BMPI/HOBT was superior to DCC/HOBT couplings using the solid-phase peptide bond formation proceeded to a greater degree of completion than DCC/HOBT method did. Double couplings with 2 equiv. of Bocamino acids and 1.5 equiv. of BMPI and $NEt_3$ and 2 equiv. of HOBT in DMF/MC (1:1 v/v) gave the best result for the preparation of a model compound. Stepwise solid phase peptide synthesis using BMPI/HOBT procedure was successfully utilized for the preparation of $(D-Ala)^2$-dynorphine A. BMPI/HOBT procedure for the synthesis of $(D-Ala)^2$-dynorphine gave better yield (20%) than DCC/HOBT procedure did.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.775-778
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Reconstruction of soft tissue defects with osteomyelitis in the lower third of the leg represents a challenge to plastic surgeons. Moreover, it is more arduous in multimorbid patients. One excellent option for reconstruction of these defects is to use a delayed distally based sural flap. Methods: We successfully used delayed distally based sural flap with a two-step procedure. During the first operation, radical debridement and elevation of flap were performed. The raised flap was fixed again at the donor site. The delay period ranged from seven to ten days. Between August 2008 and July 2009, we underwent operations for five patients using this technique. The size of flap varied from $10{\times}6\;cm$ to $12{\times}14\;cm$. Results: All flaps successfully survived. Partial skin loss of the grafted site was seen in two patients but no further surgical procedure was required for wound healing. Complaints of hypoesthesia on the lateral part of the foot was observed. In a three month follow-up period, hypoesthesia was resolved spontaneously. Conclusion: Delayed procedure improves the viability of distally based sural flap in high risk, critically multimorbid patients. We recommend that, if a two-stage operative approach is required, the delayed procedure should be considered.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.187-206
• /
• 2011

This paper uses dynamic computer simulation techniques to develop and apply a multi-criteria procedure using non-destructive vibration-based parameters for damage assessment in truss bridges. In addition to changes in natural frequencies, this procedure incorporates two parameters, namely the modal flexibility and the modal strain energy. Using the numerically simulated modal data obtained through finite element analysis of the healthy and damaged bridge models, algorithms based on modal flexibility and modal strain energy changes before and after damage are obtained and used as the indices for the assessment of structural health state. The application of the two proposed parameters to truss-type structures is limited in the literature. The proposed multi-criteria based damage assessment procedure is therefore developed and applied to truss bridges. The application of the approach is demonstrated through numerical simulation studies of a single-span simply supported truss bridge with eight damage scenarios corresponding to different types of deck and truss damage. Results show that the proposed multi-criteria method is effective in damage assessment in this type of bridge superstructure.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.13-29
• /
• 2018

This study presented evaluation procedure for selecting appropriate GCMs and downscaling method by focusing on the climate extreme indices suitable for climate change adaptation. The procedure includes six stages of processes as follows: 1) exclusion of unsuitable GCM through raw GCM analysis before bias correction; 2) calculation of the climate extreme indices and selection of downscaling method by evaluating reproducibility for the past and distortion rate for the future period; 3) selection of downscaling method based on evaluation of reproducibility of spatial correlation among weather stations; and 4) MME calculation using weight factors and evaluation of uncertainty range depending on number of GCMs. The presented procedure was applied to 60 weather stations where there are observed data for the past 30 year period on Korea Peninsula. First, 22 GCMs were selected through the evaluation of the spatio-temporal reproducibility of 29 GCMs. Between Simple Quantile Mapping (SQM) and Spatial Disaggregation Quantile Delta Mapping (SDQDM) methods, SQM was selected based on the reproducibility of 27 climate extreme indices for the past and reproducibility evaluation of spatial correlation in precipitation and temperature. Total precipitation (prcptot) and annual 1-day maximum precipitation (rx1day), which is respectively related to water supply and floods, were selected and MME-based future projections were estimated for near-future (2010-2039), the mid-future (2040-2069), and the far-future (2070-2099) based on the weight factors by GCM. The prcptot and rx1day increased as time goes farther from the near-future to the far-future and RCP 8.5 showed a higher rate of increase in both indices compared to RCP 4.5 scenario. It was also found that use of 20 GCM out of 22 explains 80% of the overall variation in all combinations of RCP scenarios and future periods. The result of this study is an example of an application in Korea Peninsula and APCC Integrated Modeling Solution (AIMS) can be utilized in various areas and fields if users want to apply the proposed procedure directly to a target area.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.859-864
• /
• 2001

An effective live load model for analyzing probable maximum live load effects such as moment and shear in transverse direction was developed. The main procedure of this live load model is composed of four parts, i.e., firstly, determination of the appropriate influence lines in longitudinal direction, secondly, application of the characteristics of vehicles and traffic patterns in longitudinal direction, thirdly, determination of the appropriate influence lines in transverse direction, and fourthly, application of the characteristics of vehicles and traffic patterns in transverse direction. Through this procedure, the probabilistic distributions of maximum probable load effects are deduced in the form of probability density function (PDF) and/or cumulative density function(CDF). This live load model is able to consider local or global deterioration of bridges in the structural analysis.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.267-271
• /
• 2009

This paper presents the improvement and application effect in fault restoration program based on distribution automation system(DAS) of KEPCO. When a fault occurs, fault restoration program can detect fault section based on FI information of DAS, and calculate the best restoration solution by comparing the load capacity of outage area and the spare load capacity of connected distribution lines, and propose switch operating procedure for fault section isolation and outage restoration. Fault restoration program was applied to real field and it was verified that this program is applicable to diverse field cases. By using this fault restoration program to the field human error can be reduced and fault procedure can be more reliable, accurate, and fast.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.354-361
• /
• 1999

In this paper, resource leveling heuristics are developed for ship erection scheduling. The heuristics, which enable scheduling with limited resources, are composed of the gradual resource limit decrease anti the resource allocation. At first, earliest start(ES) schedule is derived by PERT to get initial resource limit. And then, the heuristics lower the resource limits by a given increment and derive a new schedule from day-by-day resource allocation procedure. The procedure is repeated until the project duration reaches at the given ship erection duration, called dock cycle. Through the application of the heuristics for real world ship erection projects, wc can observe significant improvement in resource leveling.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.57-65
• /
• 2009

The purpose of Defense Acquisition Project is that the superior weapons validated needs and performance are supplied to military user with limited financial resources and time. The Warship Acquisition Project is not only like this, But also has special characteristics of long project period and first-constructed ship's operation employment. So, The Warship Acquisition Project need systematic and efficient procedure & management. And this paper researches System engineering application of imaginary WIG(Wing-In-Ground Effect) ship acquisition project based Systems Engineering Handbook ver.3.1 published by INCOSE, the lead of field. The Imaginary WIG(Wing-In-Ground Effect) ship acquisition project applied the four processes(technical project, Enterprise & Agreement, Enabling Systems), the basis of INCOSE Engineering Handbook ver.3.1, and the each process output compared with DAPA(Defense Acquisition Program Administration)'s warship acquisition procedure.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 2011

In this paper, FEM procedure is applied to the static and dynamic analyses of R/C structures. Simple R/C shell structure is solved by using FEM procedures and the experimental evaluations are performed to represent the applicability of FEM procedure to R/C structures. Also, R/C columns are analyzed numerically and experimentally. On the basis of these results, FEM procedures are applied to the R/C cooling tower structures assembled by huge R/C shell structure and a lot of discrete R/C columns. In this analysis, the parallel computing procedures are introduced into these analyses to reduce the computational effort. The dynamic performances of R/C cooling tower are also solved by the application of parallel computations as well. From the numerical analyses, the conventional FEM procedures combined with computational technologies enables us to design the huge R/C structures statically and dynamically.