• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2000

This study was conducted to find out the relationship between skin temperature and clothing temperature in body parts. Four different kinds of fabrics were used in this experiment. These fabrics were a (Ny/Spun, 81.8/18.2%), b (Wool/Poly/span, 50/45/5%), (Wool/Ny/Span70/25/5) and d (Wool/Poly/Span 45/45/10%). The subjects skated at indoor ice rink where the length was 111.12 m, the temperature was $11{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and the humidity was $70{\pm}10%$. The four an male professional skaters speed was $17{\pm}1$ seclm/lap. Physiological parameters were skin temperature at 4 body points (chest, upper arm, thigh, leg) and clothing temperature at chest was measured every 15 second. Experiment protocol was as follows: resting before skating (5 min.), skating (5 min.), and resting after skating (10 min.). The results were as follows; The mean skin temperature by fabrics shows b > a > d > c. The mean skin temperature began to decline little by little as soon as the subjects entered the indoor ice rink. After they rested for five minutes, they started skating and the mean skin temperature declined widely. After skating, the mean skin temperature increased step by step. It maintained the similar temperature. The value of skin temperature at body points shows Leg > Chest > Upper arm > Thigh. Because of the characteristics of skating uniforms, the skin temperature of the leg is the highest. The skating uniform was designed to have a protective portion in the leg. The chest produces the highest temperature in the body. The comparison of difference values in skin temperature show Thigh > Upper arm > Chest > Leg. While skating in a cold atmosphere, the largest difference value is clothing temperature. The clothing temperature is lower than the skin temperature during skating. The difference value of clothing temperature is larger than the skin temperature of the chest.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2005

Fancy Yarn has developed diverse textures in fabrics, reducing the time in yarn and fabric production or apparel making in order to develop creative goods. In this study aimed to propose the use of a 4D box system to make fancy yarn shapes with loops, knops and spirals and the like. The change in texture was analysed and simulated to produce a suitable fabric image by using the fancy yarns fabric. The results are as follows. The plain weave, 2/2 basket weave, 2/2 twill weave, 2/2 2 complete broken weaves, and 5 harness sateen weaves were woven and a fabric image formed. In the case of the loop and the knop yarns fabric image, compared to the twisted fabric image the surface was covered by loops or some parts became partially black. In the case of the spiral shape it showed pattern continuity in spiral shapes 1, 2 and 3. The more twisted spirals produced a diamond shaped pattern or a twill line and a herring bone shaped twill line. An evenly distributed black fabric image appeared in 5 harness sateen weave. For the loop shape the broken weave or 5 harness sateen weave was produced; basket weave and broken weave for the knop yarn 1 or knop yarn 2; and for the spiral shape a plain fabric or 5 harness sateen weave were produced much similar to the fabric image. The surface texture of the mapped image compared to the twisted fabric image produces fancy yarn fabric images covered with loops or irregular spots caused by the knop and the spiral. Therefore it is appropriate or suitable for the simulation of tweed or woolen wool fabrics. The fabric image which produced consistent and continuous lines is therefore more suitable for simulations of twill or herringbone fabric images.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2012

This study aims at developing ergonomics patterns for the sleeve of structural firefighting protective clothing through 3D motion analysis in order to ensure efficiency and safety of firefighters who are exposed to harmful environment at work. A new research pattern was developed by applying the total results of 3D motion analysis, changes of body surface length measurements, and 2D data on 3D body shape analysis on the size 3 patterns of the existing coat sleeve. For the sleeves, we used the body surface length of the range of shoulder's flexion and the joint angle of the range of wrist's ulnar deviation. And for the production of structural firefighting protective clothing using the research pattern, we recruited a recognized producer of structural firefighting protective clothing designated by KFI. Unlike everyday clothes, structural firefighting protective clothing should be able to fully protect the wearers from the harmful environment that threatens their lives and should not cause any restrictions on their movement. Therefore, the focus of research and development of such protective clothing should be placed on consistent development of new technologies and production methods that will provide protection and comfort for the wearer rather than production cost reduction or operational efficiency. This study is meaningful as it applied 3D motion analysis instead of the existing methods to develop the patterns. In particular, since 3D motion analysis enables the measurement of the range of motion, there should be continuous research on the development of ergonomics patterns that consider workers' range of motion.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.979-988
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the lower body size and forms of married women in their thirties who have experienced pregnancy and parturition. Their measurements derived from the direct anthropometry and indirect photographic measures were compared to those of 20's. Improving consumer satisfaction for missy brand, especially in fitness of skirt and pants, some lower body classification were presented. The results were as follows : 1. The characteristics of lower body showed many differences by individuals especially in depth, girth, length and angle measures rather than height and breadth measures. Many items including index, calculations and angles revealed significant differences compared to those of 20's. Several breadth items, crotch length had distinct increase than those of women in twenties. Flattened buttocks side silhouette from waist to hip, buttocks drooping and decrease of inclination implied the influence of pregnancy, parturition and aging. 2. We hardly find out sizing system differences between missy brand and miss brand. Based on waist and hip girth measurements of subjects, sizing system of missy apparel wasn't suitable for their body size. Excessive drop(hip girth-waist girth) of missy brands, 25~30 cm, was almost the same to the drop of miss brands. 3. To improve the size satisfaction of missy women, we classified the lower body into 5 types according to drop, buttocks angle and hip length. Type 1 was small waist with large buttocks projection, and hip length was close to an average. Type 2 was small waist with medium buttocks projection, and the hip length was close to an average. Type 3 was medium waist, with average projection of the buttocks and hip length. Type 4 was large waist, projection of the buttocks and the hip length were close to an average. Type 5 was large waist, projection of the buttocks was small and the hip length was close to an average.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2020

This study provide basic data to develop a dress form reflecting body shape characteristics by age and to produce a 3D body form in a virtual fitting program. A comparative analysis was conducted on the size, section shape, and slope of side shape of the modeling form by the sizing of the basic female avatar in CLO 3D, one of the 3D apparel CAD programs and the body form of women in their 20s-50s by body shape in the 6th Size Korea (2010). First, all the differences were formed similarly in the direct measurements between the 3D avatar and the body form were within 1 mm. Second, in a comparison of the section form of the avatar and body form in Size Korea, the avatar was formed in straight body shape and did not reflect a spinal curvature according to age. As a result of an examination of the items with a difference over 5° in the slope of side shape, there were angle differences in numerous body shapes in the angles of the side upper abdomen, side upper back, and side upper bust, and the avatar's bust shape was expressed more flatly compared to body form. It will be possible to produce an avatar that can adequately reflect body shape characteristics by adding detailed length and angle items by the region like waist back length and front length in producing the avatar reflecting body shape characteristics, instead of a standard body shape.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to examine clothing businesses which are using dress forms and grasp the problems in apparel manufacturing process, to verify the size and shape of the dress forms for uniformity, to ascertain the uniformity between the dress forms being sold today and the somatotype of the target consumers. The following results were obtained. First, most of the clothing businesses used the existing dress forms in the company. The dress forms didn't reflect the somatotype of the current consumers. And the users satisfaction was below the average. Second, the size and shape of the dress forms being sold today had lack of uniformity between themselves. Third, the dress forms didn't reflect the shape characteristics as well as the size of the target consumers. Consequently, The dress forms need to have the following. First, It is necessary that the dress forms have various functions in a dress form in the future. Second, to get high satisfaction of clothing fit, we need to build up the data base of the consumers somatotype. The data base have to consist of not only circumference but also width, thickness, angle of the current consumers. Last, the further studies of the dress forms need to meet the clothing businesses demand.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2011

Bamboo leaves, as natural dye provide unartificial fresh green, are known for expert property at anti-bacterial, anti-aging, anti-oxidation, skin whitening, moisturizing, peeling of horny, deodorizing and some skin disease like as eczema and inflammation without any allergic response. Also, It is quite common to obtain bamboo leaves from our surrounding but most of them were not in use. On purpose of development the way of recycle with common material to dye, bamboo leaves were used to dye on ramie fiber which is valuable for both of apparel and industrial field and investigated their dyeing property. Using extract from bamboo leaves, dyeing property was examined with dyeability, colorimetric property, light fastness and wash fastness under different conditions by extract density, dyeing time, dyeing method and mordants. As results, dyeing was generally colored in yellowish, K/S Value was shown more higher on hemp fiber than ramie. The most optimum dyeing condition was investigated on pre-mordant treatment, dyeing temperature $60^{\circ}C$, dyeing time 30min and extract density 400%. On the treatment with mordant(Al, Fe, Cu), dyebility on both of hemp and ramie fiber were increased by mordant. Especially with Copper(Cu) as mordant, dyebility was highly increased than any other mordants and dyeings showed in deep color. Also on the fastness test which is the most important to natural dyeing, wash-fastness showed good performance with 4-5 grade but light-fastness was above 4 grade on both of hemp and ramie fiber, lower than wash-fastness overall.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.797-807
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• 2013

This study aims to provide basic information that would be useful to develop more specialized fashion design products for launching Korean Wave fashion, especially in Singapore market where Korean Wave culture has been expanding significantly. To identify recognition level of Korean Wave fashion, customer survey was conducted to females in their late 10s to early 20s. The analysis on the current fashion market also was made, which showed the result that the elegant style was dominant in the local fashion market. According to the customer survey result, K-pop was the most influential on Korean Wave. Amongst the female K-pop stars, 2NE1 was ranked the first who most of those surveyed wanted to copy her fashion style, and the ranking followed by Girl's Generation and BoA. With this result, it would be recommended to reflect K-pop star's style in designing fashion products as design and style turned out to be the most important factors that those surveyed considered upon clothing purchase. However, there should be various promotion activities in order to make Korea fashion brands known to the public because only 24.6% of those surveyed responded that they were aware of Korean fashion brands launched in Singapore market. Nevertheless, as those respondents were willing to buy Korean fashion brand products, there would be plenty of potential to succeed in Singapore market if there would be continuous efforts to raise Korean brand awareness.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.834-840
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• 2013

This study aims to suggest practical considerations for designing protective clothing with increased visibility that will have higher user acceptance by law enforcement officers. Light-emitting diode(LED) patrol vests were visually and structurally assessed, and 125 police officers' responses from surveys about user acceptance of the vest were analyzed. The current LED patrol vest was designed for enhanced safety of police officers by increasing visibility in the dark. However, the user acceptance rate of the LED patrol vest indicates low use of and low satisfaction with the vest despite its enhanced safety features. In particular, differences in materials, design, functionality of the pockets and size of the vest depending on the hours worked, were statistically significant. The police officers' responses suggest areas of improvement in design, materials, ease of movement, size and functionality. Key issues include 'tactile discomfort'; 'impeded vision from the glare of the LED'; 'frequent malfunctions of the LED'; 'impossible repair of the broken LED units'; 'no user feedback'; 'inconvenient to replace batteries'; 'brittle materials' and 'unpleasing look'. To increase user acceptance, designer should incorporate context-awareness, a convenient user interface, a modular design approach, first responders' self-image as public servants in relation to their aesthetic perspectives of their uniforms, and scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of the intended functions of the clothing. Suggested implications for designing the LED patrol vest can be applied to designing other functional/protective clothing for intended end users with special needs.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.634-644
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• 2021

This study aims to propose various ways to utilize CLO, which focuses mainly on the production of 3D virtual samples, by comparing it with the pattern drafting functions of Four apparel CAD experts, who have teaching experience in YUKA and CLO, participated in a focus group interview, and a basic bodice prototype drafting was carried out by each participant to evaluate the pattern drafting functions of YUKA and CLO. The result of this study showed that the pattern drafting tools of YUKA are subdivided since YUKA is a CAD tool inherently specialized in pattern making. Though CLO provided a relatively limited pattern drafting menu compared to YUKA, it was found that pattern drafting could be accomplished with the help of supplementary tools and functions. This finding suggests that each CAD offers the corresponding tools for the same use of menus or functions in the prototype drafting process. The major difference between YUKA and CLO is that YUKA defines the pattern area by a set of line segments, whereas CLO utilizes an outline composed of closed curves. YUKA provides various specific tools according to the options such as angles, straight lines, and curves, while CLO produces the same results using combinations of a limited number of tools. Compared with YUKA, the advantage of CLO is its user-friendly task environment such as the Windows-based user interface, from the usability perspective. This study concludes that pattern drafting education using CLO would help not only industrial 3D design practitioners but also pattern education in academia