• Title/Summary/Keyword: Antineoplastic agents

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Cytotoxic Activities of Herbal Drugs Against Human Cancer Cell Lines (Ⅱ) (인체암세포주에 대한 천연자원의 세포독성 검색 (Ⅱ))

  • Park, Jong-Dae;Lee, You-Hui
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.105-110
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    • 1999
  • In our continuing search for new antineoplastic agents from natural products, one hundred and thirty-five herbal drugs were extracted with petroleum ether/ether (1:1), ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol, successively and their cytotoxicities were evaluated against A549 (human lung carcinoma) and SK-OV-3(human ovary adenocarcinoma) cell lines. Among them, fifteen kinds of ether extracts, eighteen kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and seven kinds of methanol extracts showed significant cytotoxic activities (above 70% inhibition) against A549 cell lines at a concentration of $40\;{\mu}g/ml,$ while ten kinds of ether extracts, thirteen kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and six kinds of methanol extracts demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities against SK-OV-3 cell lines at the above same concentration.

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Cytotoxic Activities of Herbal Drugs against Human Cancer Cell Lines (I) (인체암세포주에 대한 천연자원의 세포독성 검색 (I))

  • Park, Jong-Dae;Kim, Shin-Il;Lee, You-Hui
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.323-330
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    • 1998
  • For the search of new antineoplastic agents from natural resources, two hudred and one kinds of oriental medicinal drugs were extracted with petroleum ether/ether(1:1), ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol, successively and their cytotoxicities were evaluated against A549 (human lung carcinoma) and SK-OV-3 (human ovary adenocarcinoma) cell lines. Among them, thirty kinds of ether extracts, forty-one kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and nine kinds of methanol extracts showed significant cytotoxic activities (above 70% inhibition) against A549 cell lines at a concentration of $40\;{\mu}g/ml$. And also, twenty-four kinds of ether extracts, thirty-one kinds of ethyl acetate extracts and six kinds of methanol extracts showed significant cytotoxic activities against SK-OV-3 cell lines at the same concentration.

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Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumour : From Tumours to Therapies

  • Richardson, Elizabeth Anne;Ho, Ben;Huang, Annie
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.61 no.3
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    • pp.302-311
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    • 2018
  • Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRTs) are the most common malignant central nervous system tumours in children ${\leq}1year$ of age and represent approximately 1-2% of all pediatric brain tumours. ATRT is a primarily monogenic disease characterized by the bi-allelic loss of the SMARCB1 gene, which encodes the hSNF5 subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Though conventional dose chemotherapy is not effective in most ATRT patients, high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant, radiotherapy and/or intrathecal chemotherapy all show significant potential to improve patient survival. Recent epigenetic and transcriptional studies highlight three subgroups of ATRT, each with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics with corresponding therapeutic sensitivities, including epigenetic targeting, and inhibition of tyrosine kinases or growth/lineage specific pathways.

Studies on the Volatile Oil Constituents in Artemisia sp. -Isolation and Determination of Camphor by Gas Chromatography- (Artemisia 속 정유 성분에 관한 연구 -Gas Chromatography에 의한 Camphor의 분리 및 정량-)

  • Hahn, Dug-Royng;Kim, Ihn-Hae
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.71-74
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    • 1973
  • The contents of volatile oil and camphor in the oil of Artemisia messer-schmidtiana $B_{ESSER}$ var. viridis $B_{ESSER}$ f. typica $N_{AKAI}$ and Artemisia asiatica $N_{AKAI}$ which were known to be effective as antibacterial, antifungal and antineoplastic agents by screening experimentation, were determined quantatively by gas chromatography. The volatile oil contents of Artemisia messer-schmidtiana $B_{ESSER}$ var. viridis $B_{ESSER}$ f. typica $N_{AKAI}$ and Artemisia asiatica $N_{AKAI}$ are 0.17% and 0.19%, and the camphor contents are 8.51% and 1.46%, respectively.

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DISCOVERY OF NEW ANTITUMOR AGENTS FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS (항종양활성천연약물연구의 전망)

  • 히데치
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.73-84
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    • 1992
  • Many types of compounds have been isolated from higher plants till now, that is, alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, steroids and so on. One of them, named as RA series Cyclic hexapeptides isolated from Rubia akane and R. cordijofia also have strong antineoplastic activity against various types of tumors. Till now 10 kinds ofRA series compounds were isolated and named as RA - I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X. Moreover,monogl-ucoside of RA - V newly Isolated from same plant. Many kinds of derivatives including natural RAcompounds were tested for QSAR, and one of them, RA - VII was screened up as a most suitable substance asan antitumor agent. RA - VII(=RA-700) has strong cytotoxic activity against KB cells, P388 Iymphocyticleukemia and MM2 mammary carcinoma cells. RA - VII has been under investigation for Phase I clinical trials.

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Trends of clinical trials from 2014 to 2016 in South Korea

  • Huh, Ki Young;Hwang, Jun Gi;Lee, SeungHwan
    • Translational and Clinical Pharmacology
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.172-176
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    • 2018
  • Mandatory registration of clinical trials in public registry can ensure the transparency of clinical trials. Public clinical trial registry of can provide current chronological and geographical distribution of clinical trial throughout the country. We used public clinical trial registry provided by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety to analyze current status of clinical trial from 2014 to 2016 in South Korea. The number of clinical trials in antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents area was the greatest, followed by cardiovascular system and antiinfectives for systemic use as a whole. From 2014 to 2016, overall number of clinical trials decreased while the number of phase I clinical trials increased. Seoul accounted for more than half number of clinical trials in Korea. Supports for clinical trials in non-metropolitan area needs to be considered.

in vitro Assessment of Antineoplastic Effects of Deuterium Depleted Water

  • Soleyman-Jahi, Saeed;Zendehdel, Kazem;Akbarzadeh, Kambiz;Haddadi, Mahnaz;Amanpour, Saeid;Muhammadnejad, Samad
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.2179-2183
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    • 2014
  • Background: In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have demonstrated anti-cancer effects of deuterium depleted water (DDW). The nature of this agents action, cytotoxic or cytostatic, remains to be elucidated. We here aimed to address the point by examining effects on different cell lines. Materials and Methods: 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) -based cytotoxicity analysis was conducted for human breast, stomach, colon, prostate cancer and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines as well as human dermal fibroblasts. The cell lines were treated with decreasing deuterium concentrations of DDW alone, paclitaxel alone and both. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Treatment with different deuterium concentrations of DDW alone did not impose any significant inhibitory effects on growth of cell lines. Paclitaxel significantly decreased the survival fractions of all cell lines. DDW augmented paclitaxel inhibitory effects on breast, prostate, stomach cancer and glioblastoma cell lines, with influence being more pronounced in breast and prostate cases. Conclusions: DDW per se does not appear to have inhibitory effects on the assessed tumor cell lines as well as normal fibroblasts. As an adjuvant, however, DDW augmented inhibitory effects of paclitaxel and thus it could be considered as an adjuvant to conventional anticancer agents in future trials.

The Concurrent Use of Rhus verniciflua Stokes as Complementary Therapy with Second or More Line Regimens on Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: Case Series

  • Lee, Sang-Hun;Kim, Kyung-Suk;Choi, Won-Cheol;Yoon, Seong-Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.112-117
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    • 2009
  • Objective: Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) has anticancer effect confirmed by preclinical studies and historical records. We thus tried to evaluate retrospectively the effect of RVS as a complementary medicine for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) showing refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: From June 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007, patients with advanced NSCLC who received both the standardized RVS extract and a standard course of second or more line therapy such as pemetrexed ($Alimta^{(R)}$), erlotinib ($Tarceva^{(R)}$), and gefitinib ($Iressa^{(R)}$) were checked. A total of 13 patients were eligible for the final analysis after fulfilling inclusion/exclusion criteria. Time to progression (TTP) of these patients treated with the standardized RVS extract was checked in the aftercare period. Results: Patients received RVS treatment for a median period of 296 (range 84-698) days. The median TTP was 220.5 (range 36-489) days, and three patients (23.1%) had TTP values of 15 more months. No significant side effects from RVS treatment have been observed. Conclusion: The standardized RVS extract might have synergetic effects by assisting apoptosis in advanced NSCLC with concurrent standard therapy agents, since it prolonged TTP without significant adverse effects. This study suggests that the standardized RVS extract is beneficial to patients with chemotherapy-refractory NSCLC. Further clinical trials and preclinical studies are necessary to determine the efficacy and safety of the standardized RVS extract in NSCLC.

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Analysis of Ethnic Differences in Physician's Desk Reference (Physician's Desk Reference에 나타난 인종차이 분석)

  • Kim, Eun Jung;Lee, Kyung Eun;Gwak, Hye Sun
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The aim of study was to investigate the racial or ethnic differences in FDA-approved medications. Methods: Data on racial-based differences of drugs in PDR (Physician's Desk Reference) were analyzed by searching with keywords, "ETHNIC" and "RACE". Results: There were descriptions related to "ETHNIC" in product directions of 53 cases and "RACE" in 266 cases in 2010 PDR. After excluding 30 cases of duplicates, 289 cases were shown of which 28 cases were verified to demonstrate racial or ethnic differences. Drug category showing the higher racial or ethnic differences was cardiovascular drugs (7), followed by alimentary tract and metabolism drugs (6), nervous system drugs (5), and antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (3). Pharmacokinetic differences between race and ethnicity were observed most frequently; differences in AUC or Cmax showed in 15 drugs and clearance differences in 7 drugs. Conclusions: This study identified the racial differences in medication usage in PDR. Therefore, the results can contribute to safe use of medication in real clinical settings in regards to the racial or ethnic differences.

Cloning and characterization of polyA- RNA transcripts encoded by activated B1-like retrotransposons in mouse erythroleukemia MEL cells exposed to methylation inhibitors

  • Tezias, Sotirios S.;Tsiftsoglou, Asterios S.;Amanatiadou, Elsa P.;Vizirianakis, Ioannis S.
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.126-131
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    • 2012
  • We have previously identified a DNA silent region located downstream of the 3'-end of the ${\beta}^{major}$ globin gene (designated B1-559) that contains a B1 retrotransposon, consensus binding sites for erythroid specific transcription factors and shares the capacity to act as promoter in hematopoietic cells interacting with ${\beta}$-globin gene LCR sequences in vitro. In this study, we have cloned four new non-polyA RNA transcripts being detected upon blockade of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cell differentiation to erythroid maturation by methylation inhibitors and demonstrated that two of them share high structural homology with sequences of B1 element found within the B1-559 region. Although it is not clear yet whether and how these RNAs interfere with induction of erythroid maturation, these data provide evidence for the first time showing that methylation inhibitors can activate silent repetitive DNA sequences in MEL cells and may have implications in cancer chemotherapy using demethylating drugs as antineoplastic agents.