• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2021

The number of people suffering from diabetes have been increased around the world. In this study, we investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Anthriscus sylvestris(L.) Hoffm and its main compounds. It was divided into root(R) and aerial part(AP) for comparative analysis. Total polyphenol, total flavonoid content was higher in AP extract, but nodakenin content was higher in R(1169.13 ± 6.00 mg/g) extract. Antioxidant activity was also higher in AP extract. To compare antidiabetic efficacy, we analyzed the effects of R and AP extracts on ɑ-glucosidase inhibition(AGI), dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4) and protein tyrosine phosphatase(PTP)1B activity. R and AP extracts showed similar effects on AGI and DPP-4 activity in a concentration dependent manner, and there was no effect on PTP1B activation. Glucose uptake(139.51 ± 3.19%) in 3T3-L1 cells was more effective in the AP extract-treated group than the positive control, rosiglitazone, group. Both R and AP extracts were effective in protecting against pancreatic beta cell damage caused by hyperglycemia. These results suggest that Anthriscus sylvestris(L.) Hoffm. could be used as a candidate for diabetes treatment.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.161-170
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• 2001

A major portion of drugs used in Ayurvedic system of medicine which has been practiced since the early human civilization in Indian subcontinent were of plant origin. It should be noted that 70% of the population in this region depends on Ayurveda for their medical treatment and 60% of the drug resources are obtained from the Himalayan region. Therefore, Nepal becomes a potential source of plant drug resource since it occupies a major portion of the Himalaya. In the present paper, in general a current status of medicinal plant resources of Himalayan region especially Nepal will be discussed. In addition to this, a typical example of antidiabetic activity of Shilajit will be taken for the discussion. Shilajit is one of the crucial elements in several formulations including those of Rasayana, a therapy in Ayurveda, which has been practiced in the prevention of ageing and mental disorder. Although, Shilajit is widely used for the treatment of diabetes, no satisfactory scientific reports are available up to now. The crude Shilajit in the market is a dark brown or black rock-like substance collected from the Himalayan region with a strong smell of cow's stale urine. In our studies, Shilajit (collected in the central Himalayan region) prevented the diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice model. Shilajit also prevented the diabetes in the rats against the action of multiple low-dose (10 mg/kg, i.v., 5 times) of streptozotocin. On the other hand, Shilajit did not show antioxidative activity. The preventive action of Shilajit on diabetes is mainly focused on the Thl and Th2 cell activities, since Th2 cells activity was found to be significantly upregulated. Shilajit, however, showed a mild action in controlling the blood sugar level in young, old, and mild diabetic rats, but not in the severe diabetic rats. It also stimulated the nitric oxide production in macrophages. Based on these evidences, the antidiabetic activities of Shilajit appear to be immunomodulative probably by protecting or strengthening insulin-producing b-cells in the pancreas. Further systematic research on constituents of Shilajit and its quality evaluation is necessary to enable the use of natural medicines in the treatment of diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1250-1259
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• 2018

In this study, Momordica charantia (MC) fermented with Leuconostoc mesenteroides (MC-LM) were assessed for the antioxidant and the antidiabetic activities. Antioxidant activities of MC and MC-LM were evaluated using 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) radical. Although MC-treated groups showed little activity, 47% of activity was observed at $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration for MC-LM and increased significantly(p<0.05) as MC-LM concentration increased. MC-LM more effectively inhibited the oxidative damage of DNA by peroxyl radical than MC and the inhibition of the strand breakage increased significantly as MC-LM concentration increased(p<0.05). Measuring the inhibition of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity, which is closely related to the regulation of blood sugar, resulted in MC reduced the activity of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ by 30% at 8 mg/mL and MC-LM at the same concentration by 60%. In addition, the effect of MC-LM on the cell viability of alloxan-treated RIN-m5F resulted in a significant increase in cell survival(p<0.05) in the group treated with MC-LM and a 20% increase in the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/mL$. As a result of insulin secretion by alloxan-treated RIN-m5F cell, the level of insulin secretion tended to increase in all group treated with MC-LM. At the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/mL$, the insulin secretion was increased by 15% in MC-LM group than in MC group. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that fermented bitter gourd has antioxidant and antidiabetic effects.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.488-496
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• 2015

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Cibotium barometz in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Cibotium barometz was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol were significantly decreased(p<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, The content of glutathione(GSH) and activity of gluthathione-s-transferase(GST) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. and activityes of catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidae(GSH-Px) were signiicantly decreased (P<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Also the content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH)and glucokinase(GK) were significamtly increased(p<0.05), but activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) was significamtly decreased (p<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that ethanol extract of Cibotium barometz would have antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.335-341
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• 1999

Antidiabetic activity and mechanism of Supungsungihyan(SPSGH) were examined in db/db mice, which is a spontaneously hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and obese animal model. SPSGH and acarbose were administered orally for 4 weeks. Fasting and non-fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin and trig-lyceride of SPSGH treated group were all reduced when compared with those of db/db control group. At 12th week after birth, SPSGH increased an insulin secretion although statistic significance was not seen. Total activities of sucrose, maltase and lactase in SPSGH treated group were not significantly different from those in db/db control. On the other hand, sucrase and maltase activities in acarbose treated groups were increased. Effect of SPSGH on mRNA expression of glucose transporter(GLUT-4) was also examined by RT-PCR and in vitro transcription with co-amplification of rat $\beta$-actin gene as an internal standard. Muscular GLUT-4 mRNA expression in SPSGH treated group was increased significantly. These results may suggest that SPSGH lowered blood glucose ascribing to upregulation of muscular GLUT-4 mRNA expression.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.70-73
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• 2007

Antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of acorn were evaluated by its potential for scavenging stable DPPH free radical, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, reducing power, and inhibiton of ${\alpha}-glucosidase\;and\;{\alpha}-amylase$. The water extract of acorn exhibited strong antioxidant and antidiabetic related activities in the tested model systems. Solvent fractionation of the water extract revealed that the water fraction and the EtOAc fraction had strong antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity on ${\alpha}-glucosidase\;and\;{\alpha}-amylase$. The water fraction exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity ($EC_{50}=7.19{\mu}g/mL$) than that of ${\alpha}-tocopherol\;(EC_{50}=7.59{\mu}g/mL)$. It is considered that water extract of acorn has the potential for natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.31-35
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• 1998

A series of 2-oxiranecarboxylate derivatives was prepared as carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT- -I) inhibitors for the development of new antidiabetic agents. The syntheses and biological activities were reported. The most promising derivative, 15b showed 2.5 times more hypoglycemic activity and 2 times lower acute toxicity compared to Etomoxir.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.74-76
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• 2007

Antheraea yamamai silk fibroin powder was prepared by treatment with HCl. Amino acid contents of the prepared Antheraea yamamai fibroin hydrolysates were composed of Gly, Ala, Glu, and so on. Biological activities of Antheraea yamamai silk fiborin powder were examined. It is showed about 75% of antioxidation activity compared to the reference ascorbic acid. And it lowered blood glucose level down from 550 mg/dl to 300 mg/dl by serving with wild silk protein.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2023

Marine bioactive substances (MBS), such as phlorotannins, collagens, peptides, sterols, and polysaccharides, are increasing attention as therapeutic agents for several diseases due to their pharmacological effects. Previous studies have demonstrated the biological activities of MBS including antibacterial, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activities. Among numerous human diseases, periodontitis is one of the high-prevalence inflammatory diseases in the world. To treat periodontitis, several surgeries (bone grafting, flap surgery, and soft tissue graft) are usually used. However, the surgery for patients with chronic periodontitis induces several side effects, including additional inflammatory responses at the operated site, chronic wound healing, and secondary surgery. Therefore, this review assessed the most recent trends in MBS using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science search engines to develop marine-derived therapeutic agents for periodontitis. Further, we summarized the current applications and therapeutic potential of MBS to serve as a reference for developing novel technologies applied to MBS against periodontitis treatment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1163-1169
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• 2007

Effects of Sotosaja hwan on Blood Glucose, Hyperlipidemia, Polyol Pathway and Antioxidative Mechanism in ob/ob Mouse Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role. Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Sotosaja-hwan has been known to be effective for the antiaging and composed of four crude herbs. In male ob/ob mouse in severe obesity, hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, which are features of NIDDM, the hyperglycemic activites and mechanisms of Sotosaja-hwan were examined. Mice were grouped and treated for 5 weeks as follows. Both the lean (C57/BL6J black mice) and diabetic (ob/ob mice) control groups received standard chow. The experimental groups were fed with a diet of chow supplemented with 30 and 90 mg Sotosaja-hwan per 1 kg of body weight for 14 days. The effects of Sotosaja-hwan extract on the ob/ob mice were observed by measuring the serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid components, and the kidney levels of superoxide anion radical $({\cdot}O_2)$, MDA+HAE, GSH/GSSG ratio, and also the enzyme activities involved in polyol pathway. Sotosaja-hwan lowered the levels of serum glucose and insulin in a dose dependent manner. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were decreased, while the HDL-cholesterol level was increased, in Sotosaja-hwan treated groups. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were inhibited in the Sotosaja-hwan-administered groups. Sotosaja-hwan inhibited the generation of ${\cdot}O_2$ in the kidney. Finally, MDA+HAE levels was increased and GSH/GSSG ratio was decreased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were improved in the Sotosaja-hwan-administered groups. Sotosaja-hwan showed the antidiabetic and anti hyperlipidemic activities by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing the MDA+HAE levels in the ob/ob mice.