• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2023

Purpose: Rabies is a fatal but preventable disease with proper pre-exposure anti-rabies vaccination (ARV). Dogs, as household pets and strays, are the reservoir and vector of the disease, and dog bites have been associated with human rabies cases in Sri Lanka over the past few years. However, other susceptible species having frequent contact with humans may be a source of infection. One such species is sheep and immunity following ARV has never been tested in sheep reared in Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: We have tested serum samples from sheep reared in the Animal Centre, Medical Research Institute of Sri Lanka for the presence of anti-rabies antibodies following ARV. Sheep serum samples were tested with Bio-Pro Rabies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody kits used for the first time in Sri Lanka and our results were verified by a seroneutralization method on cells (fluorescent antibody virus neutralization, FAVN test) currently recommended by World Organization for Animal Health and World Health Organization. Results: Sheep received annual ARV and maintained high neutralizing antibody titers in their serum. No maternal antibodies were detected in lamb around 6 months of age. Agreement between the ELISA and FAVN test, i.e., coefficient concordance was 83.87%. Conclusion: Annual vaccination in sheep has an effect on maintaining adequate protection against rabies by measurements of anti-rabies antibody response. Lambs need to be vaccinated earlier than 6 months of age to achieve protective levels of neutralizing antibodies in their serum. Introducing this ELISA in Sri Lanka will be a good opportunity to determine the level of anti-rabies antibodies in animal serum samples.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2024

Streptococcosis, caused by Streptococcus iniae and Streptococcus parauberis is an important bacterial disease that affects in olive flounder in Korea. In Korea, multivalent bacterial vaccines are used to prevent streptococcal diseases in aquaculture. In this study, commercial vaccines containing formalin-inactivated bacterial cells of S. iniae and S. parauberis were administered at six fish farms and one unvaccinated fish farm were designated for investigation (Wando; 4 sites and Jeju; 3 sites). Blood was collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated olive flounders, and titers of antibodies against S. iniae and S. parauberis in serum were analyzed using ELISA. After a one shot vaccination in the farms at Jeju (farm A) and Wando (farm D), the proportion of individuals with specific antibodies against S. parauberis OD values of 0.4 or higher was 60% and 53.5%, respectively. But after booster vaccination, the proportion of individuals with serum OD values of 0.4 or higher was higher substantially increased to 96.6% (farm A) and 100% (farm D). The levels of S. parauberis specific antibodies of olive flounder were increased after vaccination in three fish farms (farm D, E, and F), but not S. iniae specific antibodies.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2003

This survey was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in Korean native cattle (KNC) raised in Kangwon province in Korea. A total of 867 sera collected from KNC were tested for N. caninum antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). One hundred and fifty five (17.9%) KNC were positive by IFAT. Seroprevalence of cows was 19.6% (44/224) and seroprevalence of boars was 17.3% (111/643). Among the seroprevalences of cattle according to the raised areas, five counties or cities, Hwacheon was 33.3% (1/3), Wonju was 30.8% (4/13), Chuncheon was 25.8% (24/93), Hongcheon 18.3% (22/120) and Wheongsung was 16.6%(104/628). It was proved that KNC raised in Kangwon provinces exposed extensively and seriously to N. caninum.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1996

Immunocytochemistry utilizes the specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction to localize specific antigens in cells or cellular organelles. Here we report the use of monoclonal antibodies, in conjunction with gold-labeled second antibodies to study the ultrastructural localization and tissue distribution of the Mr 98, 000 anionic peroxidase and other wall antigens. The antibody specific for this wall peroxidase, mWP3, labeled mainly the cell wall area. At the tissue level, the Mr 98, 000 peroxidase is located predominantly in the leaf mesophyll, internal coleoptile and sieve elements, but not in the root, as assayed with these procedures. The coleoptile walls were less heavily stained than the walls of leaf mesophyll cells. At the subcellular level, it is localized mainly in intercellular regions of the cell walls. A similar staining pattern was revealed by mWP19, one of anti-$\beta$ glucosidase antibody, though it looked less heavily stained than one with mWP3. In order to serve as a control wall staining using IgM monoclonal antibodies, mWP18 was used. Most of the label is localized over wall regions of cells of the young leaf mesophyll and coleoptile.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2006

Alloimmunization to red blood cell (RBC) antigens may cause a delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTR) and a delayed serologic transfusion reactions (DSTR). In the present study, the frequency of alloimmunization and its clinical significance were evaluated. Also, transfusions were correlated with antibody formation. Alloimmunization rate was 0.63%. Alloimmunization rate in multiple transfused patients was 24.5%. The most common clinically significant alloantibodies of alloimmunized patients were found to be Rh antibodies (52.6%). Nine patients out of 38 (23.7%) became undetectable after the first detection. To be positive at antibody screening test after RBC transfusion was mean transfused numbers: 3.7 units, mean transfused periods: 56 days, mean transfused frequencies: 1.7 times. The results from antibody specificity and RBC transfusions were comparatively analyzed and it shows that Rh system antibodies were longer than other antibodies (P<0.05). In case of disease group, malignant diseases was longer than other diseases (P<0.05). In order to prevent the formation of RBC alloimmunization, irregular antibody screening tests were performed at propriety intervals in multiple transfused patients.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1384-1387
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• 2005

Hantavax(R) is one of the killed Hantavirus vaccines, and is commercially available in South Korea. This vaccine was developed by inactivation of virus isolated from infected suckling mouse brain with formalin. Although Hantavax(R) can induce neutralizing antibodies in vaccinees, the strength of this induction and the duration of the humoral immune response are controversial issues. In this study, we studied the native conformation of the killed vaccine by antigen-capture reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction with patient and vaccinee sera containing neutralizing antibodies against Hantavirus. The results showed that Hantavax(R) could bind HTNV patient and vaccinee sera like live virus, suggesting that the integrity of the viral epitope is maintained in Hantavax(R) and induces the protective antibodies, even though the virus was inactivated with formalin.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.170-173
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• 2009

Vitellogenin (Vtg) is found in the serum of both female and male fish that have been exposed to environmental endocrine disrupters or estrogen hormones, and is used as a biomarker for such contamination. In our current study antibodies raised against the purified flatfish Vtg were tested for their reactivity on immunoblots to flatfish and carp Vtg, and also to a Vtg protein fragment produced in E. coli. Polyclonal antibodies raised against purified flatfish Vtg reacted well with Vtg in the serum of flatfish and carp induced with $17{\beta}$-estradiol, but not with the Vtg protein fragment produced in E. coli.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.172-176
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• 2003

As a baseline study for the establishment of bovine leukemia virus(BLV)-free herd in Korea, the prevalence of anti-BLV antibody was determined in the present study. Sera from Korean native cows of 8 provinces and from dairy cattle of 9 provinces were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-BLV antibodies were positive in two (0.14%) of 1,413 Korean native cows. In contrast. 54.2% of 2,415 dairy cows were positive for anti-BLV antibodies, and their seropositive herd rate was 86.8%. And no differences were found in the sero-positive rates with age. The results indicate that the BLV infection rate has been increased continuously in Korea and that the establishment of BLV-free herd is imminent.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1995

This study was conducted to determine the serum antibodies against toxoplasma in bovine from gyeongnam district by latex agglutination(LA) test. LA test was carried out with Toxo-MT kit(Eikon chemical co). The result obtained were summerized as follow： 1. Positive rates of toxoplasma antibodies in 1,488 bovine sera was 5.0%(75 cases) by LA test. 2. The toxoplasma antibody detection rates against 823 korean cattle and 865 dairy cattle were 1.8%(11 cases) and 7.4%(64 cases) respectively. 3. In LA test serum antibody titers in 75 positive sera were shown as 54 cases(72.0% in 1：32, 9(12.0%) in 1：64, 7(9.4%) in 1：128, 3(3.40%) in 1：256, 1(1.3%) in 512 and 1(1.3%) in 1：2,048 respectively. 4. Positive rates of toxoplasma antibodies in cattls sera from each area were 0.2∼22.0%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.91.5-91
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• 2001

This paper suggests that the immune algorithm can effectively be used in tuning of a PID controller. The artificial immune network always has a new parallel decentralized processing mechanism for various situations, since antibodies communicate to each other among different species of antibodies/B-cells through the stimulation and suppression chains among antibodies that form a large-scaled network. In addition to that, the structure of the network is not fixed, but varies continuously. That is, the artificial immune network flexibly self-organizes accord Eng to dynamic changes of external environment (meta-dynamics function). However, up to the present time, models based on the conventional crisp approach have been used to describe dynamic model relationship between antibody and antigen. Therefore, there are some problems ...