• 제목/요약/키워드: Anti-stain

검색결과 119건 처리시간 0.024초

Resveratrol-Enriched Rice Down-Regulates Melanin Synthesis in UVB-Induced Guinea Pigs Epidermal Skin Tissue

  • Lee, Taek Hwan;Seo, Jae Ok;Do, Moon Ho;Ji, Eunhee;Baek, So-Hyeon;Kim, Sun Yeou
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.431-437
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    • 2014
  • Synthetic compounds that are used in the clinic to regulate skin hyperpigmentation, such as arbutin, hydroquinone, and kojic acid, are only moderately effective. But, their use is limited by side effects. As part of an effort to overcome the limitations, we developed resveratrol-enriched rice (RR) using genetic engineering technique. Each of resveratrol and rice has been reported to produce anti-melanogenic effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that RR would show more anti-melanogenic effects than those of resveratrol or rice alone. Anti-melanogenic effect of RR was done by using melan-a mouse melanocytes. The depigmenting efficacy was then observed following topical application of the RR to UVB-stimulated hyperpigmented dorsal skin of guinea pigs. Treatment with RR extract resulted a $21.4{\pm}0.7%$ decrease in tyrosinase expression at melan-a cells. Colorimetric analysis showed a significantly lower depigmenting value by day 9 following treatment with RR in UVB-irradiated guinea pigs the dorsal skin (p<0.01), indicating that RR produced a depigmentation effect. By staining with Fontana-Masson stain, we found that the RR-treated group had more effect histopathologically in epidermal melanin production than resveratrol or rice alone-treated group. RR was associated with reduction in the levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and downregulation of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein (TRP-2) expression, leading to inhibit epidermal melanin production by western blot analysis. This study suggests that the resveratrol-enriched rice may be a promising candidate in regulating skin pigmentation with UVB exposure.

마우스 만성 췌장염 모델에서 연교(連翹)와 현호색(玄胡索) 단일 추출물 및 추출 혼합물의 보호 효과 (Protective Effects of Individual Extract and Mixture of Forsythia Fructus and Corydalis Tuber on Chronic Pancreatitis in Mice)

  • 신준연;최지원;김동욱;주자기;권빛나;배기상;송호준;박성주
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 2021
  • Objectives : Forsythiae Fructus has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in many diseases, and Corydalis Tuber has been used as a pain suppressor in Eastern Asia. However, the protective effects of individual water extract of Forsythiae Fructus (FF) and Corydalis Tuber (CT) and the mixture of FF and CT (FC) on chronic pancreatitis (CP) were not well-investigated. Therefore, we investigated the protective effects of FF, CT, and FC on CP in mice. Methods : To induce CP, cerulein was injected 6 times a day, 4 times a week for 3 weeks. 1 h before the every cerulein injection, 200 mg/kg of FF, CT, or FC was intraperitoneally injected to mice. Histological analysis of pancreas was examined by hematoxylin and eosin stain and collagen deposition was examined by Masson's trichrome stain. Fibrogenic parameters such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and fibrotic cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were also analyzed by immunofluorescence stain and real-time PCR. Results : Histological damages in pancreas were inhibited by pre-treatment of FF or FC but not CT. α-SMA and ECM in pancreas were inhibited by pre-treatment of CT or FC but not FF. Moreover, the expression of TGF-β1 and PDGF in pancreas were inhibited by FF, CT or FC. Conclusions : Our results suggest that FC have protective effect on CP in mice through inhibition of α-SMA, ECM, TGF-β1 and PDGF in pancreas, and these findings could suggest new clinical strategy for CP.

족삼리(足三里) 홍화약침(紅花藥鍼)처치가 Collagen으로 유발한 생쥐의 관절염 모델에 미치는 영향 (A Study on the Effect of Herbal-acupuncture with Carthami Flos at Joksamni($ST_{36}$) on Collagen-induced Arthritis in Mice)

  • 박기홍;이현
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.45-61
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    • 2007
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Carthami Flos herbal-acupuncture (CF-HA) at Joksamni($ST_{36}$) on arthritis in mice induced by Collagen II. Methods : The author performed several experimental items, including arthritis evaluation, change in weight, spleen size and stenosis rate, change in cytokine level, IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II, change of immunocyte count and histological change of the CIA mouse joint. Conclusions are as follows: Results : 1. In the CF-HA, the arthritis index and rate and the incidence of arthritis were decreased as the experiment proceeded. 2. In the CF-HA, spleen swell and stenosis, joint edema and change were decreased. 3. In the CF-HA, the level of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IFN-{\gamma}$ in blood serum were significantly decreased. 4. In the CF-HA, the level of IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II were decreased. 5. In the CF- HA, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $IFN-{\gamma}/IL-4$, IL-10 of the culture fluid was decreased. 6. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD3e^+$ and $CD45R^+$, $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$, $CD4^+/CD25^+$ in spleen was similar to the cell rate of the normal group. 7. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD4^+/CD25^+$, $CD45R^+/CD69^+$ in a lymph node was decreased as in the normal group. 8. In the CF-HA, the cell rate of $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ in joints was decreased as in the normal group. 9. In the CF-HA, the cartilage destruction and the inflammation cell growth in the H&E stain were decreased. The collagen fiber in the M&T stain were less destructed, therefore the result was similar to the normal group. Conclusions : These results suggest that CH-HA at $ST_{36}$ has an effect in controlling immune reaction and suppressing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis therefore, the continuous flow of the following study is expected.

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간흡충 충체의 부위별 항원성에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구 (Immunohistochemical study on the antigenicity of each organ structure of Clonorchis sinensis)

  • Jin Kim;Jong-Yil Chai;Weon-Gyu Kho;Kyu-Hyuk Cho;Soon-Hyung Lee
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.21-30
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    • 1991
  • 간흡충의 충체 부위별 항원성을 알아보고자 면역조직화차적 방법을 이용하여 간흡충의 소화기관, 생식기관, 배설기관, 흡반, 표피 등의 염색강도를 비교 관찰하였다. 간흡충 실험 감염 후 2~8주 된 토끼에서 담관 내 충체를 포함하는 간 조직을 얻어 중성 포르말린 용액에 고정하고 파라핀으로 포매한 다음 4 $\mu\textrm{m}$두께로 잘라 항원으로 이용하였다. 항-간흡충 항체(1차 항체)는 실험 감염 10주 된 고양이 혈청을 희석하여 사용하였고 peroBidaseconjugated goat anti-cat IgG를 2차 항체로 하여 간접 면역효소 염색을 시행하였다. 가장 적합한 1차 항체의 희석 농도는 1 : 1,000~1 : 2,000, 2차 항체의 희석 농도는 1 : 1,000이었다. 충체의 장 상피세포, 장 내용물 및 배설낭은 1차 항체 희석 농도 1 : 1,000~1 : 2,000에서 강한 양성 반응을 보인 반면, 자궁 및 일부 자궁 내 충란, 난관선, 웅성 생식기관 등은 1차 항체 회석 농도 1 : 1,000에서 미약한 양성 반응을 나타내었다. 한편, 흡반, 표피, 표피하 세포, 충체 실질 등은 1차 항체 회석 농도 1 : 1,000에서도 음성 반응을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 간흡충 감염시 숙주의 항체 반응은 충체의 소화-분비 기관에서 유래된 이른바 분비-배설 항원에 의해 가자 강력하게 유발되는 것으로 추측된다.

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포도전정가지 추출물이 UVB에 유도된 HR-1 mice의 피부손상에 대한 광보호 효과 (Photoprotective Effect of Grape Pruning Stem Extracts on the UVB Induced HR-1 Mice Skin)

  • 김정희;김종국;김선건;정승일;장민정;김길수;김극준;곽승준
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.383-389
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 포도수확 후 버려지는 가지를 이용한 포도전정가지 추출물(Grape Pruning Stem Extracts, GPSE)에 함유된 polyphenol류 중 항산화, 항염증, 항암 등의 효과가 있다고 알려진 rutin, procyanidin B3, quercetin, kaempferol의 함량을 분석하고, UVB로 유도된 HR-1 mice의 손상된 피부에 대한 피부 보습, 피부 증식 억제, 항염증 등의 효과를 측정하여 기능성식품, 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 응용 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 포도전정가지에서 polyphenol 성분을 80% EtOH로 추출하고 여과하여 농축한 후, 동결건조하여 $-20^{\circ}C$에 보관하면서 사용하였다. GPSE의 유효성분 함량은 HPLC를 사용하여 분석하였다. 피부손상을 유도하기 위해 UVB를 실험동물에 조사하였고, GPSE의 효능을 확인하기 위하여 TEWL assay, 피부조직의 H&E staining 및 COX-2 단백 발현 측정을 위한 면역조직화학적염색(immunohistochemical stain) 등을 실시하였다. 포도전정가지 시료 53 kg에서 EtOH 분획 추출물 2.34 kg을 추출하여 4.42%의 수율 결과를 얻었다. 유효성분 분석 결과, procyanidin B3, 0.28 mg/g, rutin 12.81 mg/g, quercetin 0.51 mg/g 및 kaempferol 8.24 mg/g로 나타났다. TEWL assay 결과 대조군과 비교, GPSE와 serum base의 혼합물이 도포된 그룹(농도 2,000 mg/kg~125 mg/kg)에서 모두 보습효과가 있는 것을 확인하였다(p<0.05). GPSE의 피부증식억제를 통한 광보호 효과를 확인한 결과 epidermis에는 GPSE 농도 2,000 mg/kg의 농도에서 suncream과 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있었고(p<0.05), dermis의 두께를 측정한 결과 GPSE 농도 2,000 mg/kg~125 mg/kg 모든 농도에서 UVB 조사한 그룹 두께 $800{\mu}m$와 비교하여 suncream 도포군이 $580{\mu}m$, GPSE 2,000 mg/kg~125 mg/kg 모든 농도에서 $600{\mu}m$이하로 나타나 UVB에 의해 손상된 HR-1 mice의 피부증식 억제를 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.05). GPSE가 UVB에 의해 손상된 HR-1 mice 피부에 항염증 정도를 확인하기 위해 COX-2 단백발현을 보기위해 immunohistochemical stain한 결과 UVB를 조사한 대조군에 비해 GPSE를 도포한 그룹 모두에서 항염증 효과를 보였지만, GPSE의 농도 1,000 mg/kg에서는 suncream 22%보다 낮은 8%에서 COX-2의 단백발현이 낮은 것으로 나타나 우수한 항염증효과를 얻을 수 있었다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과에서, GPSE 내 rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, procyanidin B3와 같은 유효성 페놀성 화합물이 확인되었으며, GPSE는 보습효과, 피부증식억제효과, 염증발현억제효과 및 자외선 손상에 의한 피부장벽 기능 개선효과 등이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 GPSE는 피부보호 효과의 가능성이 있는 기능성 물질로서 기능성 식품 및 기능성 화장품 등의 원료로 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

개에서 0.1% FK-506 연고의 피부 비만세포와 호산구에 미치는 영향 (Effects of 0.1% Tacrolimus on Canine Skin Mast Cells and Eosinophils)

  • 정아영;배슬기;오태호
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.95-101
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    • 2014
  • Goat-anti-canine IgE polyclonal antibody로 유발한 개 피부염에 대한 0.1% FK-506 연고의 항염효과를 평가하였다. 임상적으로 건강한 성견 5두를 사용하여 실험군은 대조군, 위약적용군, FK-506 적용군으로 구분하였다. 항염효과는 팽진의 크기, 피부생검 검사를 통한 비만세포와 호산구수를 측정하여 평가하였으며 비만세포는 Toluidine blue, 호산구는 Luna 염색법을 사용하였다. 염증유발 15분 후의 팽진의 크기는 FK-506 적용군에서 유의성 있게 감소하였다 (p < 0.01). 6, 12, 24 시간 후 염증유발부위에 대한 피부생검을 각각 실시하였다. 정상피부의 비만세포는 $12.32{\pm}3.27cells/mm^2$ 이었으며 12시간 후에 FK-506 적용군은 $5.79{\pm}0.86cells/mm^2$으로 대조군의 $1.89{\pm}0.49cells/mm^2$, 위약군의 $1.74{\pm}0.50$ 에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.01). 정상피부의 호산구는 $2.73{\pm}2.24cells/mm^2$ 이었다. 대조군, 위약 적용군, FK-506 적용군의 호산구 수는 12 및 24 시간 후 FK-506 적용군에서 대조군과 위약 적용군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.01). 따라서 FK-506 연고는 급성염증과 아토피증상과 유사한 후기염증에서 항염효과 있는 것으로 사료된다.

광화학적 뇌경색 백서 모델에서 황련의 항염증 및 운동기능 회복에 미치는 효과 (Effects of Coptidis Rhizoma on the Anti-inflammation and Motor Recovery in Photothrombotic Brain Infarction Model in Rats)

  • 이수경;이인;신선호;김은영;신병철
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.179-189
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : Coptidis Rhizoma (Coptis japonica MAKINO; CR) is a well known crude drug as antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity. However, there is no study of the effect of CR on brain infarction and it's mechanism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on ischemic stroke induced by photothrombotic infarction by evaluating the functional & neuronal recovery after brain infarction. Materials & Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were induced photothrombotic brain infarction on sensorimotor cortex, and brain infarction volume by image J software (NIH, USA) after Nissl stain, also single pellet reaching task as a functional motor recovery were observed. After orally pretreated by CR (500 mg/kg) or normal saline as a sham control before 7 days from the time of photothrombotic infarction, rats were sacrificed. After then we analysed anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, IL-1$\beta$), by RT-PCR and ELISA method, and immunohistochemistry (GFAP, connexin-43) as a marker of neural plasticity. Results : CR (100, 250, 500 mg/kg) decreased the infarction volume dose-dependently, however the effect of 500mg/kg of CR (CR 500) showed the best (P=0.051). Also, CR 500 decreased the infarction volume time-dependently, the most effective time was 3-7 days after stroke. Photothrombosis increased inflammatory cytokines after infarction, CR 500 suppressed significantly mRNA expression of IL-1$\beta$, IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$. In serum, CR 500 decreased the amount of IL-1$\beta$, 12h, 24h and 48h respectively (p < 0.05), also decreased that of IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$, 12h respectively (p < 0.05) after infarction. The more astrocytes were observed and neural plasticity was facilitated in the rat brain of CR 500 than that of sham control in immunohistochemistry. Conclusions : This results suggest that CR decrease infarction volume and improve functional motor recovery in acute stage in photothrombotic ischemic infarction model in the mechanism of anti-inflammation and promoting neural plasticity.

홍화씨 추출물의 국소투여가 백서 두개골 결손부 재생에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Locally Applicated Safflower Seeds Extract on Bone Regeneration of Rat Calvarial Defects)

  • 김덕규;홍성우;유경태;서재진;김흥식;유형근;신형식
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.297-313
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    • 1999
  • The ultimate goal of periodontal treatment is the regeneration of periodontal tissues which have been lost due to periodontal disease. Recently, many natural medicines have been studied for their potential of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects in periodontal tissues. Safflower seeds have been traditionally used as a drug for treatment of fracture and blood stasis in oriental medicine. The objective of the present study is to examine the biologic effects of safflower seeds extract on bone formation and regeneration of rat calvarial defects. The calvarial defects were made with 8mm trephine bur and extract of safflower seeds were placed directly at these defects. 24 rats were divided into control and experimental groups, and each group was sacrificed at 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. To study a histopathology related to bone regeneration, Goldner's Masson Trichrome stain and histomorphologic measuring was done at each weeks. In the early phase of bone healing, less inflammatory infiltration and capillary proliferation was found in experimental group compared to control. Dense bony tissues and matured bone structures in defect areas were found in experimental groups. And area of new bone formation was significantly increased at 8 weeks in experimental group. These results indicate that direct local application of safflower seeds extract reduces the early inflammatory response and promotes the regeneration of new bone in calvarial defects of rats.

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갑상선 결핵 (Thyroid Tuberculosis)

  • 이재훈;정웅윤;강혜윤;박정수
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.201-205
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    • 2000
  • Objectives: Despite of high prevalence of tuberculosis in Korea, thyroid tuberculosis is very rare and only a few records are available. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of thyroid tuberculosis and to find out optimal therapeutic strategies for these lesions. Materials & Methods: From Jan. 1986 to July. 2000, of 5,493 patients who were underwent thyroidectomy, only 8(0.14%) had discovered to have thyroid tuberculosis. The medical records of them were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were one man and seven women with a mean age of 40.3 years. Only one had tuberculosis sequalae on chest X-ray and two had past history of tuberculous lymphadenitis. However, none of them had symptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis. Most frequent symptom was palpable neck mass. The preoperative U/S, CT and FNAB failed to diagnose thyroid tuberculosis. The pathologic reports were chronic granulomatous thyroiditis with caseous necrosis in all the cases and AFB stain was positve in 5 cases. All cases were successfully treated by surgical resection and anti-Tbc. medications. Conclusions: The incidence of thyroid tuberculosis was extremely low and most of them have been presented as a palpable neck mass especially in relatively young-aged female patients. Although any diagnosis for thyroid tuberculosis prior to microscopical study of tissue removed at operation was not yielded, the preoperative diagnostic workups will be available with experience. Surgical resection and anti- Tbc medication would be the choice in the management of thyroid tuberculosis.

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Antiobesity effects of the water-soluble fraction of the ethanol extract of Smilax china L. leaf in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

  • Kang, Yun Hwan;Kim, Kyoung Kon;Kim, Dae Jung;Choe, Myeon
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.606-612
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Several medicinal properties of Smilax china L. have been studied including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, the antiobesity activity and mechanism by which the water-soluble fraction of this plant mediates its effects are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the lipolytic actions of the water-soluble fraction of Smilax china L. leaf ethanol extract (wsSCLE) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: The wsSCLE was identified by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. The wsSCLE was evaluated for its effects on cell viability, lipid accumulation, glycerol, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) contents. In addition, western blot analysis was used to evaluate the effects on protein kinase A (PKA), PKA substrates (PKAs), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). For the lipid accumulation assay, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of wsSCLE for 9 days starting 2 days post-confluence. In other cell experiments, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for 24 h with wsSCLE. RESULTS: Results showed that treatment with wsSCLE at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.25 mg/mL had no effect on cell morphology and viability. Without evidence of toxicity, wsSCLE treatment decreased lipid accumulation compared with the untreated adipocyte controls as shown by the lower absorbance of Oil Red O stain. The wsSCLE significantly induced glycerol release and cAMP production in mature 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, protein levels of phosphorylated PKA, PKAs, and HSL significantly increased following wsSCLE treatment. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the potential antiobesity activity of wsSCLE is at least in part due to the stimulation of cAMP-PKA-HSL signaling. In addition, the wsSCLE-stimulated lipolysis induced by the signaling is mediated via activation of the ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor.