• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.510-512
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• 2010

A series of thiobarbituric acid derivatives were constructed and evaluated for inhibitory activity on hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase. In biochemical assays using purified viral polymerase and RNA template, the $IC_{50}$ value was improved to 0.41 ${\mu}M$ from the original compound's 1.7 ${\mu}M$ value. In HCV sub genomic replicon assay, the $EC_{50}$ value was improved to 3.7 ${\mu}M$ from the original compound's 12.3 ${\mu}M$ value. $CC_{50}$ was higher than 77 ${\mu}M$ for all compounds tested, suggesting that they are useful candidates for anti-HCV therapy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2005

목 적: 소아에서 발생하는 급성 간염 중 많은 빈도를 차지하는 비-A, B, C 바이러스성 간염의 원인과 간염의 임상적 특징 및 경과에 대한 임상 양상에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2001년 1월부터 2004년 6월까지 부산대학교병원 소아과에서 급성 간염으로 진단된 환자 중 독성, 대사성, 자가 면역성 간염과 신생아 간염은 제외하고 A형, B형, C형의 간염 바이러스 표지자 검사에서 음성 판정을 받은 총 45명의 환아를 대상으로 하여 후향적으로 원인 및 임상적 특징을 분석하였다. 결과: 1) 45명 중 원인 불명의 바이러스성 간염이 26명(57.8%)이었고, CMV 간염이 14명(31.1%), EBV와 HSV 간염이 각각 2명(4.4%), RV 간염이 1명(2.2%)이었다. 2) 남녀비는 1.8 : 1 이었고, 1세 이하가 27명(60.0%)이었다. 3) 여름에 환자 발생이 18명(40.4%)으로 가장 많았고, 동반 증상으로는 발열 13명(28.9%), 오심 또는 구토 12명(26.7%), 황달 10명(22.2%), 설사 8명(17.8%)의 순으로 많았다. 4) 신체 검사에서 간종대가 15명(33.3%), 공막 및 피부 황달 10명(22.2%), 비종대 9명(20.0%)이었다. 5) 임상 경과는 전형적인 급성 간염이 43명(95.6%), 전격성 간염이 2명(4.4%)이었으며, 한 명은 간부전으로 사망했다. 6) 혈청 ALT의 최고치는 $488.7{\pm}771.9IU/L$였고, 원인 불명의 간염이 $606.2{\pm}962.2IU/L$로 비교적 높았다. 7) 혈청 ALT는 2년 동안 경과 추적이 가능했던 38명 중 31명(81.6%)이 6개월 이내에, 4명(10.5%)이 1년 이내에 정상화되었다. 3명(7.9%)이 1년 이상 증가되었지만, 1년 6개월 이내에 모두 정상화되었다. 8) 혈액학적 이상으로 백혈구 증가증이 17명(47.2%)이었고, 재생 불량성 빈혈, 비정형적 림프구증가증, 혈소판 감소증이 각각 1명(2.8%) 있었다. 결 론: 비-A, B, C형 바이러스성 간염은 대부분 예후가 양호하나, 임상적으로 만성 간염의 경과를 보인 경우도 있고 전격성 간염으로 진행한 경우가 있으므로 면밀한 관찰이 필요하다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2015

우리나라는 1995년부터 영유아를 대상으로 국가차원의 B형 간염백신 예방접종을 시작하였다. 현재 우리나라의 20대 대학생들은 신생아 정기 예방접종 시작 전후에 태어난 세대이며 영유아기에 접종을 받고 20여년이 경과되었다. 영유아를 대상으로 B형 간염 정기예방 접종 시작 후 장시간이 경과한 현 시점에서 B형 항체 보유율과 역가에 대한 확인은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 20대 대학생들의 B형 간염항체 양성률과 역가를 조사하였으며 연구대상은 2014년 4월부터 2014년 10월까지 경남 소재 대학의 대학생 262명을 대상으로 하였다. 추가접종자는 제외하였으며 간염항체의 양성판정은 10 mIU/mL이상으로 정하였다. 연구결과, B형 간염 항체의 양성률은 55.3% (145명)이었고 음성률은 44.7% (117명)이었다. 성별에 따라 양성률을 분류했을 때 여자는 57.9% (88명), 남자는 51.8% (57명)로 여자가 남자보다 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 연령에 따라 역가 차이를 비교했을 때 19~20세 연령군이 21세 이상의 연령군 보다 낮은 역가를 나타냈다. 이는 본 연구의 연구대상자들이 연령군간에 나이 차이가 적고 각 연령군의 측정 대상자수가 일정하지 않았으며 인원수가 적은 군에서 역가가 높게 나오는 경우가 발생하면 해당 연령군이 상대적으로 역가가 높은 분포에 속하게 되는 것으로 생각되어 추후 고려해야할 사항으로 사료된다. 양성으로 판명된 연구대상자의 62%가 역가의 하한선인 10-99.9 mIU/mL의 낮은 역가를 나타냈다. 소아기에 접종 후 일정기간이 지나면 항체 확인검사를 하고 국가차원에서 추가접종을 추진해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.683-689
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• 2005

Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb) is the important serological marker of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Conventionally, the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) obtained from the plasma of HBV carriers is used as the diagnostic antigen for detection of HBsAb. This blood-origin antigen has some disadvantages involved in high cost, over-elaborate preparation, risk of infection, et al. In an attempt to explore the suitable recombinant HBsAg for the diagnostic purpose, the HBV S gene was expressed in Pichia pastoris and the product was applied for detection of HBsAb. Hepatitis B virus S gene was inserted into the yeast vector and the expressed product was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrolamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblot, electronic microscope and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The preparations of synthesized S protein were applied to detect HBsAb by sandwich ELISA. The S gene encoding the 226 amino acid of HBsAg carrying ahexa-histidine tag at C terminus was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The His-Tagged S protein in this strain was expressed at a level of about 14.5% of total cell protein. Immunoblot showed the recombinant HBsAg recognized by monoclonal HBsAb and there was no cross reaction between all proteins from the host and normal sera. HBsAb detection indicated that the sensitivity reached 10 mIu (micro international unit)/ml and the specificity was 100% with HBsAb standard of National Center for Clinical Laboratories. A total of 293 random sera were assayed using recombinant S protein and a commercial HBsAb ELISA kit (produced by blood-origin HBsAg), 35 HBsAb positive sera and 258 HBsAb negative sera were examined. The same results were obtained with two different reagents and there was no significant difference in the value of S/CO between the two reagents. The recombinant HBV S protein with good immunoreactivity and specificity was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The reagent for HBsAb detection prepared by Pichia pastoris-derived S protein showed high sensitivity and specificity for detection of HBsAb standard. And a good correlation was obtained between the reagent produced by recombinant S protein and commercial kit produced by blood-origin HBsAg in random samples.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 1988

While there have been not a few reports on the seroepidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Korea, most of them, however, have had several limitations; operational definition of HBV infection, validity of detection methods of HBV serologic markers, size of the study population, and confirmation of the vaccination history against HBV, etc. In order to avoid such limitations, authors randomly selected 1,495 healthy adults among the 217,511 insured (target population) of Korean Medical Insurance Corporation, living in seoul, and tested HBV serologic markers by RIA method and conducted direct interview to them. Although HBV serologic markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc) of all the subjects were tested, 392(26.2%) of interview failure cases and 361 vaccinee were excluded from the actual population. Finally, the serologic markers tested of 742 nonvaccinee (study population) only were analysed for the seroepidemiologic observation of the natural infection of HBV. The seroepidemiological characteristics of HBV infection in Korea were as follows ; 1. Point prevalence of HBs antigenemia was 11.7(9.1{\sim}14.3)% in male, which was slightly higher than that of female, 9.5($3.7{\sim}15.3$)%. This level was one of the highest among those of Asian-Pacific countries. Decreasing tendency of HBsAg prevalence alter the age of 50 was observed, which seems to be due to selective attrition of HBV chronic carriers among the healthy adults and/or to the limited-lasting duration of the HBs antigenemia, in part. 2. Point prevalence of anti-HBc(78.8% in male,50.9% in female) was higher than that of anti-HBs(65.2% in male,46.6% in female), respectively. And both of them were higher in male than in female. Increasing tendency of the prevalence of both antibodies was observed by age, which seems to be largely due to recurrent infection in adults and to some cumulative effect, in part, of their relatively longer-lasting duration. 3. The level of HBV infection defined by positive for at least one of the 3 serologic markers of HBV by RIA method was 84.7($81.8{\sim}87.6$)% in male and 61.2($51.9{\sim}70.5$)% in female, which was also one of the highest among those of Asian-Pacific countries. The proportion of susceptible population to HBV infection among healthy adults was 15.3% in male and 38.8% in female. 4. The relative frequency of current or past infection and chronic carrier among HBV infected person was estimated. The currently or past infected was estimated 75.7% in male and 71.8% in female, and chronic carrier state, 13.8% in male and 14.1% in female. The analysis of the geometric mean of the antibody titer in anti-HBs positive sera indicated also to be compatible with the above findings, suggesting that active, even though inapparent, infection of HBV occur so frequently among healthy adults in Korea.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.210-215
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• 2012

Hepatitis virus infection is one of the major problems in Korea. To establish preventive measures for hepatitis A and B virus infection, study on sero-positivity of serum anti-HAV (aHAV) and anti-HBs (aHBs) is needed. The aim of this study was to analyze the sero-positivity and related factors of aHAV and aHBs. We analysed the sero-positivity of serum aHAV and aHBs using ICA (Immunochromatography Assay) method from 102 university students and employees and questionnaire survey was obtained characteristics, vaccination history, past history test, knowledge and information sources of the study subjects. Overall sero-positivity rates of serum aHAV and aHBs were 20.6% and 52.9%, respectively. The sero-positivity rate of aHBs was significantly different by gender (M, 34.9%; F,66.1%) and that of aHAV was significantly different by age (20 age group, 2.7%; 30 age group, 14.3%; 40 age group, 70%; 50 age group, 91.7%). Overall sero-positivity rates of serum aHAV and aHBs by vaccination history rates were 4.9% and 43.1%, respectively. Overall sero-positivity rates of serum aHAV and aHBs by past history test were 10.8% and 52.9%, respectively. Sero-positivity rates of serum aHAV was low in university students. The results of this study could be used effectively as a basic data for establishing effective preventive measures for hepatitis A including vaccination.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2006

남학생 3,391명과 여학생 5,136명 총 8,527명의 대학생을 대상으로 2004년 조사결과 B형간염 표면항원 양성률은 2.7%이었으며 표면항체 양성률은 61.1%이었다. 성별로 표면항원 양성률은 남학생에서 3.3%, 여학생에서 2.3%로 남학생이 유의하게 높게 나타났으며(p< .05) 표면항체 양성률은 남학생에서 59.6%, 여학생에서 62.1%로 여학생에서 양성률이 유의하게 높았다(p< .05). 출생년도에 따른 B형간염 표면항원 양성률은 1980년 이전 출생군 3.8%에서 1986년 출생군 2.3%까지로 최근 출생군에서 다소 낮게 나타났으나 일정한 양상은 보이지 않았다. 출생년도에 따른 B형간염 표면항체 양성률은 1980년 이전 출생군 38.7%에서 1984년 출생군 71.7%까지로 1983년 출생 이후군에서 다소 높게 나타났으나 일정한 양상은 보이지 않았다. B형간염 표면항원 양성자의 39.6%에서 e항원 양성률을 보였으며 비정상 간기능은 19.1%를 보였다. 이상의 결과는 적극적인 보건교육, B형간염 예방접종 등으로 인하여 B형간염 바이러스 감염의 유행지역으로 불리는 우리나라에서도 B형간염 표면항원 및 표면항체 양성률이 상당히 개선되었음을 보여주었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.465-472
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• 1991

약물남용자들의 C형간염 감염 상태를 파악하고자 methamphetamine 남용에 의한 중독 증상으로 입원하고 있는 141명을 대상으로 하여 약물남용의 빈도와 기간, 약물 투여경로 등에 관한 조사와 함께 혈청내 C형간염 항체, B형간염 표식자 및 간기능 검사를 실시하고 이들 사이의 관련성을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. C형간염 항체 양성률은 60.3%(85/141)이었으며 성별로는 차이가 없었으나 연령군별로는 40세 이상군에서 증가되는 경향이 있었다. 2. C형간염 항체의 양성률은 약물남용의 빈도가 높았던 군과 약물남용의 기간이 길었던 군에서 유의하게 높았으나 B형간염 표면항원의 양성률은 약물남용의 빈도 및 기간과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 methamphetamine 남용자에서 C형간염 유병률은 매우 높을 것이며 감염 전파경로에 있어서 C형간염은 반복적인 경주적 폭로가 중요 전파 요인일 것으로 추측된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2021

Liver cancer is a common tumor and currently the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Liver cancer is highly related to inflammation as more than 90% of liver cancer arises in the context of hepatic inflammation, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Despite significant improvements in the therapeutic modalities for liver cancer, patient prognosis is not satisfactory due to the limited efficacy of current drug therapies in anti-metastatic activity. Therefore, developing new effective anti-cancer agents with anti-metastatic activity is important for the treatment of liver cancer. In this study, SP-8356, a verbenone derivative with anti-inflammatory activity, was investigated for its effect on the growth and migration of liver cancer cells. Our findings demonstrated that SP-8356 inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and suppressing the mobility and invasion ability of liver cancer cells. Functional studies revealed that SP-8356 inhibits the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways, which are related to cell proliferation and metastasis, resulting in the downregulation of metastasis-related genes. Moreover, using an orthotopic liver cancer model, tumor growth was significantly decreased following treatment with SP-8356. Thus, this study suggests that SP-8356 may be a potential agent for the treatment of liver cancer with multimodal regulation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2003

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the worldwide public health problem affecting about 300 million people. The envelope protein of HBV consists of three components known as preS1, preS2, and S antigen. According to the recent study, anti-HBs Ab showed effective neutralization ability against HBV from chronic hepatitis B and liver transplant patients, suggesting the possible development of therapeutic antibody. Methods: Spleen cells immunized with S antigen of HBV were fused with myeloma cell line to obtain HBsAg specific monoclonal antibodies. High affinity antibodies against HBsAg (adr, ad and ay type) were selected by competitive ELISA method. Nucleotide sequence of the variable regions of monoclonal antibodies was analyzed by RT-PCR followed by conventional sequencing method. Results: We produced 14 murine monoclonal antibodies which recognize S antigen of HBV. Two of them, A9-11 and C6-9 showed the highest affinity. The sequence analysis of A9-11 revealed that variable regions of the heavy chain and light chains are members of mouse heavy chain I (B) and light chain lambda 1, respectively. Likewise, the sequence analysis of C6-9 revealed that variable regions of the heavy chain and light chains are members of mouse heavy chain II (B) and light chain kappa 1, respectively. Neutralization assay showed that A9-11 and C6-9 effectively neutralize the HBV infection. Conclusion: These results suggest that A9-11 and C6-9 mouse monoclonal antibodies can be used for the development of therapeutic antibody for HBV infection.