• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.416-426
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• 2019

This study measured and analyzed male firefighters hand sizes as well as suggested data for developing firefighting gloves with a good fit. Accordingly, body dimensions related to the hand were measured for 100 male firefighters. Twenty-three measuring items related to the hand and lower arm were selected. The firefighters' measurement data were compared to general adult male measurements from the 6th Korean Anthropometric data to analyze the hand sizes characteristics of firefighters. As a result, height, hand circumference, hand breadth, wrist circumference, elbow-wrist length, forearm-fingertip length and firefighter weight were significantly larger than adult males. A correlation analysis for 23 items was conducted to select items used as standards for setting a size when manufacturing firefighting gloves. Hand length and circumference were selected as representative hand parts for making firefighting gloves. Cross analysis between hand length and circumference were conducted to find the section showing the highest distribution ratio. As a result, the highest sections were between 19cm and 21cm for hand circumference and between 18.5cm and 19.5cm for hand length, which may be suggested as the most important ranges.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1056-1064
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the difference between obese and non-obese male students. To conduct this study, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, serum lipids and insulin concentration, and daily nutrients intake of obese and non-obese mal students were measured. The results are as follows : The anthrometric measurements of the two groups showed significant difference in weight (P<0.01), waist(P<0.001), hip(p<0.0001) and thigh (P<0.001) circumference, % of body fat(p<0.0001), kg of body fat(p<0.001) and LBM (lean body mass, p<0.0001). On the other hand, the blood pressure, serum lipids and insulin, and daily nutrients intake of the two groups showed no significant difference. The WHR showed positive correlation with weight, BMI, waist circumference, % of body fat and kg of body fat in obese group. It is also founded that waist circumference, % of body fat, kg of body fat, serum triglyceride, energy and carbohydrate intake in non-obese group showed positive correlation with WHR.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

Background: Brain volume is associated with dementia and depression in the elderly. An easy way to predict relative brain volume is to measure head circumference. In this study, we investigated the relationship between head circumference and cognition as well as depression in a non-demented elderly community. Methods: Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2010. At baseline, community residents aged 65 years or over (n=382) within a rural area of South Korea were screened for dementia and symptoms of depression and were followed using the same screening battery after 3 years (n=279). Data from anthropometric measurements (head circumference, height, and body weight), demographics, and blood tests were gathered. Neuropsychological tests, including the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR) including the CDR-sum of boxes, the Korean version of instrumental activities of daily living, and geriatric depression scale (GDS), were performed. None of the 279 subjects followed were demented. Results: Baseline performance on the K-MMSE and GDS was poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Follow-up performance on the MMSE was also poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Interestingly, participants with smaller head circumference showed worse GDS scores at baseline but on follow-up examination, participants with larger head circumference showed rapid worsening than those with smaller head circumference with marginal significance by ANOVA test. In regression coefficient analysis, GDS decline showed significant difference. Conclusion: Head circumference was not associated with cognitive change but was associated with symptoms of depression in non-demented community residents.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2018

Purpose: Mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) is considered an alternative screening method for obesity. The aims of this investigation were to examine the ability of MUAC to correctly identify children with elevated body mass index (BMI) and to determine the best MUAC cutoff point for identification of children with high BMI. Methods: Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and MUAC) from a cross-sectional sample of 7,921 Pakistani children aged 5-14 years were analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficients between MUAC and other anthropometric measurements were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal MUAC cutoff point for identifying children with high BMI. Results: Among 7,921 children, the mean (${\pm}$standard deviation) age, BMI, and MUAC were 10.00 (${\pm}2.86years$), 16.16 (${\pm}2.66kg/m^2$), and 17.73 (${\pm}2.59cm$), respectively. The MUAC had a strong positive correlation with BMI. The optimal MUAC cutoff points indicating elevated BMI in boys ranged from 16.76 to 22.73, while the corresponding values in girls ranged from 16.38 to 20.57. Conclusion: MUAC may be used as a simple indicator of overweight/obesity in children, with reasonable accuracy in clinical settings.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in anthropometric, hematologic, and lipidologic data between normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia and influencing factors in hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men in Kwang-ju. 179 middle-aged men were involved. Anthropometric data(body weight, height, body circumferences and skinfold thickness) and hematologic data(blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, albumin and hemoglobin) were measured. Bleed lipid profile(total cholesterol, tr- iglyceride, phospholipid, HDI-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol) were analyzed. To determined using questionnaire. The subjects were classified as hypercholesterolemic based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia. body mass index, systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, and triceps, subcostal, abdomen, subscapular and suprailliac skinfold thicknesses of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than in the normocholesterolemic group. The concentrat- ion of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipod. HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL -cholesterol of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than normocholesterolemic group. The concentration of cholesterol has a significantly positive correlation with body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist/thigh ratio and skinfold thickness(triceps, subcostal, abdomen, and supraillic skin- fold thickness). The general tendency of socioeconomec status, frequencyu of meat intake, smoking amounts and duration and duration and drinking frequencies and amount were higher in the hypercholesteolemic group but not significant. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men was closely correlated with upper body fat obesity and most of them had an accompanied high triglyceride level tendency.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.436-442
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• 2011

An anthropometric survey is one of the most important approaches to use when evaluating the health status of children. Secular trends in body sizes, such as height, weight, head circumference, chest circumference, and body mass index showed significant changes over 40 years in Korea. A series of periodic surveys were conducted in 1967, 1975, 1985, 1997, and 2005 by the Korean Pediatric Society and Ministry of Health and Welfare. The quality of data from school health examinations and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey has improved, so we can use them now as resources for anthropometric analysis. The final height differences between 1965 and 1997 were 4.5 cm both in boys (168.9 cm in 1965; 173.4 cm in 1997) and girls (155.9 cm in 1965; 160.4 cm in 1997). The differences between 1997 and 2005 were 0.9 cm in boys (174.3cm in 2005) and 0.8 cm in girls (161.2 cm in 2005). There was no difference in final height measurements between 2005 and 2010. An increase in body size at earlier teen ages was pronounced during these decades compared to the previous generation; however, little change has been identified more recently. Body size has been increasing, and obesity has become more prevalent. Systems that gather data should be updated in order to cope with these secular trends. In an upcoming era of secular trends that would be in a slow transition, several surveys that include body measurements should be prepared to meet future needs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.749-758
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• 2003

Malnutrition is a common problem in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and compromised food intake is an important cause. Malnutrition is one of the important factors influencing mortality in these patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education at improving nutritional status of 23 Korean HD patients (mean : 48.6 $\pm$ 10.4 years, men : 8, women : 15). Anthropometric indices, nutrient intakes, and biochemical blood indices were measured before and after a 6-month nutrition education intervention. Anthropometric indices such as percent ideal body weight [PIBW (%)], body fat, body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), and calculated arm muscle area (CAMA) of subjects were within the normal range and not changed by nutrition education. Subjective global assessment (SGA) was significantly increased (p < 0.05) after nutrition education. Intake of total energy, carbohydrate, lipid, Ca, and vitamin B1 was increased significantly (p < 0.05) but intake of phosphorus, potassium, and sodium was decreased (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of albumin, total protein, and Ca were significantly increased (p < 0.05), but levels of P and K were decreased (p < 0.05) after the intervention. These findings suggest that nutrition education for HD patients can be effective for positively changing nutrient intakes, leading to improvements in blood indices and nutritional status.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1100-1116
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• 1995

Nutritional and health status was assessed in the 86 healthy elderly women who aged 65 through 96 and resided in nursing home in chonbuk area. Nutritional status was determined by dietary intake, anthropometric and hematological indices and hair elements. Correlation analysis among nutritional indices were performed to identify the factors which related specifically to nutritional status of the elderly. Nutrients intake below two-thirds of the RDA were Ca, riboflavin and niacin. Especially mean Ca intake was only 51.9% of RDA and most of nutrients intake were decreased as theri age increased. Height, body weight and mid upper arm circumference were decreased with age but W/H ratio did not differ among age groups. These data suggested that body fat accumulation did not change with age but lean body mass was decreased with age in the elderly. Waist circumference was positively correlated to dietary fat intake, and body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and total body fat were positively correlated with serum LDC/HDL ratio. It could be concluded anthropometric indices were good indicator that reflect the lipid nutritional status in elderly women. Hematological indices, Hb, RBC, MCH, albumin, globulin, transferrin levels, belonged to normal ranges of aged women. However, the lowest Hb level showed in the oldest-old group(aged 85 and over years group). The avalilavilty of hair analysis to measure nutritional status was tested. There were not found any significant correlations between many kinds of nutritional indices and hair elements except hair Zn content which was positively correlated with BMI.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2007

To estimate whether serum leptin has any effects on body composition during the lactational and postnatal periods, we investigated the relationship of serum leptin levels and anthropometric parameters at right after delivery and 16 weeks after delivery in mothers and their infants. Subjects who signed the concent form, participated in this study were recruited from K university hospital. Characteristics of the subjects (age; $31.0{\pm}4.2$ yr, gestation period; $39.5{\pm}1.0$ wk) were investigated and anthropometric parameters (weight, height, body mass index and percent body fat for mothers, and weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference, and Kaup index for infants) were measured. Serum leptin levels of mothers and their infants also measured. Mean maternal serum leptin levels were $9.9{\pm}8.2ng/ml$ and $9.1{\pm}7.2ng/ml$ at right after delivery and 16 weeks after delivery, respectively showing no significant differences. Mean infant's serum leptin levels at birth $(1.8{\pm}0.4ng/ml)$ were significantly lower than that of at 16 weeks after birth $(4.2{\pm}0.8ng/ml)$ (p < 0.001). Leptin levels of male infants were not different from those of female infants. There were no correlations between the maternal serum leptin levels with their body weight, percent body fat after delivery. However, significant correlations were found between maternal serum leptin levels with their body weight, BMI, percent body fat at 16 weeks after delivery (r = 0.80, p < 0.01, r = 0.90, p < 0.001; r = 0.83, p < 0.01, respectively). There were no correlations between the infant's serum leptin levels and their weight, height, head circumference, and chest circumference. No significant relations were also found between maternal serum leptin levels with those of their infants. As a conclusion, maternal serum levels of leptin should be used with a caution to estimate their infant's leptin levels as well as their anthropometric parameters. Further researches are needed to examine the relationship among the leptin levels of mother's serum, breast milk, placenta, and infant's serum.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1283-1294
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate nutritional status by anthropometric meas-urement and to assess the validity of indicators for nutritional status of preschool children. Health examinations, including blood and urine tests, were done for 799 childern aged 2 to 6 years. The mean anthropometric measurements of height, weight , head circumference, and chest circumference were 90.2cm, 13.9kg, 47.7cm, 50.9cm for 2 years (n=13), 94.8cm, 15.2kg, 43.3cm, 47.0cm for 3 years(n=125), 100.7cm, 16.4kg, 46.2cm, 50.5cm for 4 years(n=272), 106.5cm, 18.1kg, 48.8cm, 53.8cm for 5 years(n=253), 113.0cm 20.4kg, 50.4cm 56.9cm for 6 years(n=136), respectively. All anthropometric measureemnts were significantly different by age and sex. The results of physical examinations excluding dental examination were normal for all studied children. Urine test results were also normal for the subjects. The most common blood type was A and the rarest one was type AB. The mean hemoglobin concentration was 11.84g/dl for boys(n=398), 11.86g/dl for girls, and 11.85kg/dl for all. The percentage of childeren whose hemoglobin concentration was less than 11.0g/dl was 21.6% for boys and 18.9% for girls. The percentage of children whose height for age, weight for age, and weight for height were in the rang of median $\pm$1 standard devication(S.D) was 71.7% , 65.6%, and 67.0% for each indicator. Obese childeren whose weight for height or weigth for age was more than median +2S.D. were 5.2% while tall children whose height for age was more than median +2S.D, were 1.8% . Past and recent nutritional status of most children(87.2%) were assessed as normal by the combination of three indicators(height for age, weight for age, weight for height). The percentate of coincidence between for height) and one assessed by anthropometric measurements (height for age, weight for age, weight for height) and one assessed by physicial was 59.6%, 69.3% and 67.8% for each indicator, respectively. The distribution of subjects by height for age was significantly different between normal and anemic groups. With these results , the nutritional status of children the studied was normal. The anthropometric measurements reflected the nutritional status of childeren relatively well. In conclusion, in comparison with biochemical meausurements anthropometric measurements are relatively simple and effective indicators for nutritional assessement of children in large health and nutrition suveys in Korea.