• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1349-1358
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• 2014

This study suggests plan of green space management based on the result of research apprehending the characteristic through sorting types of city thermal environment targeting summer which thermal pollution is the most serious. Considering anthropogenic heat, development level of wind road, thermal environment, as a result of types of thermal environment process, it is appeared 36 types, and 10 types is relevant of this research subject. Type I-1, size of building is large, artificial covering area is wide, and thermal load of anthropogenic heat is high, type II-1, development condition of wind road is incomplete as IIlevel, entering cold air is difficult and thermal management and improvement is needed area. Type III-1, scale is large and it is area of origin of cold air, development level of wind road is mostly favorable, type III-2 is revealed as smaller scale than III-1, and small area of origin of cold air. Type IV, anthropogenic heat is $81{\sim}150W/m^2$, average, but development function of wind road is very favorable. Type V, large area of thermal load and the origin of cold air are distributed as similar ratio, and level of development function of wind road is revealed as II level. According to standard of type classification of thermal environment, as a result of suggesting plan of green space management and biotops area ratio, type I-1 is buffer green space and waterway creation, goal biotops area ratio 35%, type II-1 afforestation in site and goal biotops area ratio 40%, type III-1, preservation plan to display the current function continuously is requested. Type IV suggests afforestation of stream current, and type V suggests quantitative increase of green space and goal biotops area ratio 45%.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2008

In order to clarify the urbanization intensity of Daegu Metropolitan and its characteristics, comparative study on the variation of the cooling rate of two different sites was carried out using observation data for 40 years by Korea Meteorological Adminstration. Daegu Metropolitan and Chupungnyung represent well urbanized and rural areas, respectively. In comparison with Chupungnyung, yearly mean temperature at Daegu Metropolitan increases rapidly and especially the differences of minimum temperature increasing rate during 40 years becomes greater. These differences of regional warming are caused by the different urbanization intensity between two sites. And the impact of anthropogenic heat due to urbanization should be stronger in nighttime than in daytime. Sensible heat advection by regional wind during 6 hours from 18 LST contributes to atmospheric cooling. For this reason wind speed is in proportion to cooling rate of atmosphere. However, wind after 24 LST induces the warm air advection and makes decrease the cooling rate in urban area. Although the cooling rates between Daegu Metropolitan and Chupungnyung are some different, the variation tendencies of cooling rate of two site are almost same. Therefore atmospheric cooling rate in nighttime tends to be associated with the intensity of wind speed.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.183-184
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• 2000

도시화가 진행될수록 인구 집중과 고충 건물의 점유 증가를 초래하고 이로 인해 도심내 공장의 증가, 자동차의 폐열량 증가, 겨울철 연료와 여름철 냉방에 의한 에너지 사용량이 증가된다. 이때 방출된 열원으로 인해 도시 열섬의 강도는 커지게 된다. 단위면적에 대해 방출되는 열플럭스가 도시마다 큰 차이를 보이는데(Landsberg, 1981) 시드니 외곽부에 비해 도심내의 연간 에너지 사용량이 360배에 달한다는 것을 보였다. (중략)

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.1008-1009
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• 2005

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2018

Local climate characteristics for both urban and rural areas can be attributed to multiple factors. Two factors affecting these characteristics include: 1) greenhouse gases related to global warming, and 2) urban heat island (UHI) effects caused by changes in surface land use and energy balances related to rapid urbanization. Because of the unique hydrological and climatological characteristics of cities compared with rural and forested areas, distinguishing the impacts of global warming urbanization is important. In this study, we analyzed anthropogenic climatic changes caused by rapid urbanization. Weather elements (maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation) over the last 60 years (1955-2016) are compared in urban areas (Seoul, Incheon, Pohang, Daegu, Jeonju, Ulsan, Gwangju, Busan) and rural/forested areas (Gangneung, Chupungnyeong, Mokpo, and Yeosu). Temperature differences between these areas reveal the effects of urbanization and global warming. The findings of this study can be used to analyze and forecast the impacts of climate change and urbanization in other urban and non-urban areas.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.617-627
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• 2010

Although many researches for heat island study have been developed, there is little attempt to link the findings to actual and hypothetical scenarios of urban developments which would help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) in cities. The aim of this paper is to analyze the UHI at urban area with different geometries, land use, and environmental factors, and emphasis on the influence of different geometric and environmental parameters on ambient air temperature. In order to evaluate these effects, the parameters of (i) Air pollution (i.e. Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT)), (ii) Green space Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), (iii) Anthropogenic heat (AH) (iv) Building density (BD), (v) Building height (BH), and (vi) Air temperature (Ta) were mapped. The optimum operational scales between Heat Island Intensity (HII) and above parameters were evaluated by testing the strength of the correlations for every resolution. The best compromised scale for all parameters is 275m resolution. Thus, the measurements of these parameters contributing to heat island formation over the study areas of Hong Kong were established from mathematical relationships between them and in combination at 275m resolution. The mathematical models were then tabulated to show the impact of different percentages of parameters on HII. These tables are useful to predict the probable climatic implications of future planning decisions.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2017

UHI (Urban Heat Island) is an important environmental issue occurring in highly developed (or urbanized) area such as Seoul Metropolitan City of Korea due to modification of the land surface by man-made structures. With the advance of the remote sensing technique, land cover types and LST (Land Surface Temperature) influencing UHI were frequently investigated describing that they have a positive relationship. However, the concept of land cover considers material characteristics of the urban cover in a comprehensive way and does not provide information on how human activities influence on LST in detail. Instead, land use reflects ways of land use management and human life patterns and behaviors, and explains the relationship with human activities in more details. Using this concept, LST was segmented according to land use types from the Landsat imagery to identify the human-induced heat from the surface and interannual and seasonal variation of LST with GIS. The result showed that the LST intensity of Seoul was greatest in the industrial area and followed by the commercial and residential areas. In terms of size, the residential area could be defined as the major contributor among six urban land use types (i.e., residential, industrial, commercial, transportation, etc.) affecting UHI during daytime in Seoul. For temperature, the industrial area was highest and could be defined as a major contributor. It was found that land use type was more appropriate to understand the human-induced effect on LST rather than land cover. Also, there was no significant change in the interannual pattern of LST in Seoul but the seasonal difference provided a trigger that the human life pattern could be identified from the satellite-derived LST.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2022

Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect has been widely studied as a global concern of the 21st century. Heat generation from urban built-up structures and anthropogenic heat sources are the main factors to create UHIs. Unfortunately, both factors are expanding rapidly in Lahore and accelerating UHI effects. The effects of UHI are expanding with the expansion of impermeable surfaces towards urban green areas. Therefore, this study was arranged to analyze the role of urban cooling intensity in reducing urban heat island effects. For this purpose, 15 parks were selected to analyze their effects on the land surface temperature (LST) of Lahore. The study obtained two images of Landsat-8 based on seasons: the first of June-2018 for summer and the second of November-2018 for winter. The LST of the study area was calculated using the radiative transfer equation (RTE) method. The results show that the theme parks have the largest cooling effect while the linear parks have the lowest. The mean park LST and PCI of the samples are also positively correlated with the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and normalized difference water index (NDWI). So, it is concluded that urban parks play a positive role in reducing and mitigating LST and UHI effects. Therefore, it is suggested that the increase of vegetation cover should be used to develop impervious surfaces and sustainable landscape planning.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.385-402
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 지난 26년간 (1973~1998) 기온과 상대습도에서 산출한 열지수(Heat Index)를 분석하여, 남한에서 발생한 생리기후적 체감 무더위의 시.공간적 분포 특징을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 공간적으로, 중서부 내륙지방, 남서부 내륙지방, 남동부 내륙 지방을 중심으로 주요 생리기후 임계치 이상을 기록한 무더위가 빈번하게 발생하였다. 특히, 남동부 내륙의 밀양 지역은 타 지역에 비해 보다 빈번하게 장기간에 걸친 높은 열지수를 기록하여 남한에서 가장 무더운 생리기후적 극서지임이 밝혀졌다. 시간적으로, 1990년대에 접어들어 대부분의 연구지역에서 각 생리임계치 이상을 기록한 무더위의 발생빈도가 많이 증가하였다. 특히, 1994년은 연구기간 중 각 생리임계치 이상의 무더위 발생빈도가 남한 전 지역에 걸쳐 가장 높게 나타난 해였다. 보편적으로 일년 중 40.6$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 열지수를 나타내는 강한 무더위는 주로 여름장마가 끝나는 7월 말에서 1-2일간의 작은 강수가 시작되는 8월 초순 사이에 발생하였다. 이러한 남한의 무더위 발생의 시.공간적 분포 패턴은 대규모의 기단의 움직임뿐만 아니라 국지적인 지형, 위도, 해발고도, 수체 또는 도시화, 산업화. 조림사업 등의 자연적 인위적 기후 인자의 영향을 받아 지역마다 다양하게 나타났다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.173-175
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• 2000

도시기상의 원인으로는 지표면 상태의 변화, 인공구조물과 인공열 방출을 들 수 있으며 그 외 오염물질 또한 하나의 원인이다. 도시의 낮은 함수률의 지표면 증가는 증발산 영역을 감소시켜 결과적으로 잠열방출을 감소시키고 현열을 증가시킨다(Tapper, et. al., 1981). 또한 도시의 배수시설은 유입된 강수의 흐름을 시골보다 짧은 기간 머무르게 하여 도시에서 낮은 절대 습도를 가지게 한다. (중략)