• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.328-332
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• 1992

A new high performance liquid chromatographic procedure is described for the analysis of ginseng saponins. Ginseng saponins were separated on Lichrosorb $NH_2$ column and anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS) solution was added to the column effluent. The effluent was passed through 1.5m-PTFE capillary coiled around 10 W-UV lamp to reduce AQDS to highly fluorescent 9. 10-dihydroxyanthracene-2, 6-disulfonate which was detected by fluorescence detector. The detection limit for the ginsenoside $Rg_1$ by this method was found to be about 350 ng, the dynamic linear range was $10^2$ and the correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was 0.9999.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1032-1036
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• 1998

Intercalation compounds of organic anions into layered double hydroxides (LDH) are synthesized by the coprecipitation route. X-ray diffraction data reveal that the intercalated terephthalate (TP), naphthalene-2,6-disulfonate (NA26), and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQ26) are arranged with their molecular planes perpendicular to the hydroxide layer. HPLC data show that 26.2% of TP and 73.8% of AQ26 are cointercalated, whereas NA26 is not intercalated into the Zn/Al-LDH. These results indicate the possibility of a molecular recognition ability of Zn/Al-LDH. The molecular recognition ability of intercalation into Zn/Al-LDH is in the order AQ26 > TP >> NA26.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2014

To test the potential effects of extracellular electron shuttles (EES) on the rate and extent of heavy metal release from contaminated soils during microbial iron reduction, we created anaerobic batch systems with anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) as a surrogate of EES, and with contaminated soils as mixed iron (hydr)oxides and microbial sources. Two types of soils were tested: Zn-contaminated soil A and As/Pb-contaminated soil B. In soil A, the rate of iron reduction was fastest in the presence of AQDS and > 3500 mg/L of total Fe(II) was produced within 2 d. This suggests that indigenous microorganisms can utilize AQDS as EES to stimulate iron reduction. In the incubations with soil B, the rate and extent of iron reduction did not increase in the presence of AQDS likely because of the low pH (< 5.5). In addition, less than 2000 mg/L of total Fe(II) was produced in soil B within 52 d suggesting that iron reduction by subsurface microorganisms in soil B was not as effective as that in soil A. Relatively high amount of As (~500 mg/L) was released to the aqueous phase during microbial iron reduction in soil B. The release of As might be due to the reduction of As-associated iron (hydr)oxides and/or direct enzymatic reduction of As(V) to As(III) by As-reducing microorganisms. However, given that Pb in liquid phase was < 0.3 mg/L for the entire experiment, the microbial reduction As(V) to As(III) by As-reducing microorganisms has most likely occurred in this system. This study suggests that heavy metal release from contaminated soils can be strongly controlled by subsurface microorganisms, soil pH, presence of EES, and/or nature of heavy metals.