• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 2008

As a result of measuring the size of corpus callosum in normal Korean people by using MRI, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. Maximum, minimum, and mean values by the region in whole subjects 1) Anteroposterior length amounted to the mean with 69.30mm, the minimum with 50.70mm, and the maximum with 80.40mm. 2) Diameter of genu amounted to the mean with 11.93mm, the minimum with 6.00mm, and the maximum with 18.50mm. 3) Diameter of mid body amounted to the mean with 7.00mm, the minimum with 3.40mm, and the maximum with 10.40mm. 4) Diameter of narrowing portion amounted to the mean with 4.51mm, the minimum with 0.80mm, and the maximum with 9.50mm. 5) Diameter of splenium amounted to the mean with 12.17mm, the minimum with 6.90mm, and the maximum with 17.20mm. 2. Comparison by region according to the gender in the whole subjects 1) Anteroposterior length was bigger in men than in women, and showed the significant difference depending on gender. 2) Diameter of genu, diameter of mid body, and diameter of narrowing portion were bigger in men than in women, but there was no significant difference. 3) Diameter of splenium was bigger in men than in women, and showed the statistically significant difference. 3. Comparison by region according to the age in the whole subjects 1) Anteroposterior length was the biggest in the 50s at the age, and was smaller in heir 10s than other age levels. In addition, the significant difference was indicated depending on age. 2) Diameter of genu and diameter of mid body were the biggest in their 30s, and were smaller in the 60s than other age levels. And, the statistically significant difference was indicated. 3) Diameter of narrowing portion was the thickest in their 20s, and was thinner in their 60s than other age levels. And, the significant difference was indicated depending on age. 4) Diameter of splenium was the thickest in their 30s, and was thinner in their 10s than other age levels. And, the statistically significant difference was indicated. 4. Correlation by region in whole subjects 1) Diameter of genu showed the statistically significant positive correlation with anteroposterior length. 2) Diameter of mid body showed the statistically significant positive correlation with anteroposterior length and diameter of genu. 3) Diameter of narrowing portion didn't show the statistically significant correlation with anteroposterior length, but showed the statistically significant positive correlation with diameter of genu and diameter of mid body. 4) Diameter of splenium showed the statistically significant positive correlation with anteroposterior length, diameter of genu, diameter of mid body, and diameter of narrowing portion.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2009

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.48-55
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to utilize cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image analysis to obtain anatomical information related to the morphology of the incisive foramen to provide useful data regarding implant placement and clinical procedures such as anesthesia. Methods: The study included 167 patients who underwent CBCT scans over 20 years. Three components were measured: 1) the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter of the incisive foramen, 2) the horizontal bone thickness anterior to the incisive foramen, and 3) the vertical bone height coronal to the incisive foramen. All measurements were expressed as mean±standard deviation and were analyzed by a single examiner. Results: The anteroposterior diameter of the incisive foramen was wider than the mediolateral diameter (P<0.001). The diameter of the incisive foramen in patients in whom the central incisors were present was smaller than that in those in whom at least one central incisor was absent, but no statistically significant difference between the groups was observed. The horizontal bone thickness in the patients with central incisors was statistically significantly larger than that in the patients without at least one central incisor (P<0.001). The same pattern was observed with regard to vertical height, but that difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The buccal bone thickness anterior to the incisive foramen was significantly decreased after central incisor loss. It is necessary to identify the morphology of the bone and the location of the incisive foramen via CBCT to avoid invasion of the incisive foramen and nasopalatine canal.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.9.1-9
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• 1982

The authors have measured various dimensions of the larynx of twenty adult cadavers. (male; 13, female; 7) The result were as follows, 1) Transverse diameter between the greater horns of the hyoid bone; M.52.58mm, F.43.07mm. 2) Transverse diameter between the lesser horns of the hyoid bone; M.36.20mm, F.30.20mm. 3) Transverse diameter of the thyroid cartilage; M.50.58mm, F.42.58mm. 4) Transverse diameter of the cricoid cartlage; M.30.14mm, F.26.94mm. 5) Distance from the lower margin of the hyoid bone to the thyroid notch; M.12.83mm, F.10.92mm. 6) Distance from the lower margin of the thyroid cartilage to the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage; M.16.40mm, F.10.26mm. 7) Distance from the upper margin of the thyroid cartilage to the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage; M.34.65mm, F.34.61mm. 8) Anteroposterior diameter of the cricoid cartilage; M.25.32mm, F.20.01mm. 9) Transverse diameter of the epiglottis; M.29.32mm, F.22.08mm. 10) Vertical diameter of the epiglottis; M.35.90mm, F.27.90mm. 11) Transverse diameter between the cuneiform tubercles; M.17.69mm, F.13.52mm. 12) Length of the vocal fold; M.11.61mm, F.10.40mm. 13) Transvers diameter of the vocal fold; M.18.62mm, F.18.27mm. 14) Distance from the upper margin of the epiglottis to the vocal fold; M.42.45mm, F.34.52mm. 15) Anteroposterior length of the vocal fold; M.19.25mm, F.10.70mm.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2018

Liver size is an important component in the diagnosis and follow-up of diffuse liver disease when testing for liver disease using ultrasonography. However, difficulties lies in determining the presence of hepatomegaly and liver atrophy because the method used for measuring liver size differs from one examiner to another and there is no relevant standard based on body build. The present study aims to propose a more objective method for liver size measurement and a reference range based on body build. A total of 260 normal adults (130 males, 130 females) participated in the study. Ultrasonography was performed in all participants to measure the size of the right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, and caudate lobe of liver. Based on Physique Index(PI), a value derived from multiplying weight(kg) by height($m^2$), size of physique was divided into three groups including Group I with PI<150, Group II with $150{\leq}PI{\leq}250$, and Group III with PI>250. Thus, mean liver size by PI and a reference range with 95% reliability were suggested. The superoinferior diameter of right lobe was $12.34{\pm}1.18cm$ in males and $11.07{\pm}0.93cm$ in females, and its reference range was 10.64~11.0cm for Group I, 11.78~12.12cm for Group II, and 13.02~13.84cm for Group III. The anteroposterior diameter(T) of left lobe was $5.93{\pm}1.09cm$ in males and $5.18{\pm}0.99cm$ in females, and its reference range was 4.77~5.17cm for Group I, 5.49~5.79cm for Group II, and 6.68~7.44cm for Group III. The transverse diameter was $3.51{\pm}0.60cm$ in male participants and $3.42{\pm}0.49cm$ in female participants and its reference range was 3.29~3.51cm for Group I, 3.36~3.55cm for Group II, and 3.52~4.0cm for Group III. The caudate lobe index was $11.65{\pm}2.88cm^2$ in males and $9.62{\pm}2.18cm^2$ in females and its reference range was $8.83{\sim}9.75cm^2$ for Group I, $10.62{\sim}11.47cm^2$ for Group II, and $11.89{\sim}14.26cm^2$ for Group III. As a basic measurement method of liver size, the present study suggests measuring the superoinferior diameter for right liver lobe, the anteroposterior diameter for left liver lobe, the transverse diameter for quadrate lobe, and the caudate lobe index for caudate lobe. It is expected that this method along with its relevant reference range can be used as useful indicators in determining hepatomegaly and liver atrophy upon the diagnosis and follow-up testing of diffuse liver disease.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 1976

A study was performed to investigate the size of pharynegeal cavity and sexual differences between Korean adult male and female by introducing linear analysis of the lateral cephalogram. The radiograms were composed of 46 adult males aged 24.64 and 52 adult females aged 22.74 respectively. In order to study and measure the pharyngeal area the following skeletal landmarks were selected: S, N, A, Ptm, B, H, H', M, S' N, FH and CV, and the angle CV-FH was measured to provide a factor for correction of error resulting from improper head positioning of subjects, especially in the relative positions of A and H, while radiography. All points to be measured were projected at right angles to the Frankfort plane. For the purpose of measuring the anteroposterior dimensions of pharyngeal cavity the distances were measured in A-Ptm, A-S, S-Ptm and CV-H, and vertical measurements were made in SN-A, SN-PNS, SN-H' and M-H'. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The pharyngeal cavity is broader in the vertical than in the anteroposterior diameter in both sex and the maxium sexual differences were showed in the distances between SN and H', and minimal sexual differences in the distances between S and Ptm. 2. In general, the measurements of male were larger than those of female in the anteroposterior dimensions of pharyngeal cavity, but the distances bet-ween A and S, between CV and H showed significant sexual differences when evaluated statistically. 3. All of the measurements were larger in male than in female in vertical dimensions of pharyngeal cavity, and there were statistical significances of sexual differences in all variables.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.166-174
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• 2014

Background: Our study was to determine the effect on shoulder isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance in isolated full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear and combined other rotator cuff tear. Methods: Total of 81 male patients (mean age $57.8{\pm}7.4$ years) who were diagnosed as a full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear were included. They were classified into isolated or combined tear. The isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance were measured using the Biodex multi-joint system $PRO^{(R)}$ (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA) in following movements: shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, external rotation, and internal rotation. Then, the difference in muscle function according to the type of tears were assessed. Fifty-seven patients had isolated supraspinatus tendon (mean age $56.9{\pm}7.3$ years). They were classified into either anteroposterior tear or modified mediolateral tear. The size were measured using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans in sagittal plane. Results: Between subjects categorized into the type of tear, we found significant inter-categorical differences in isokinetic muscle strength during abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and internal rotation, and in muscle endurance during flexion, extension, and internal rotation. Anteroposterior diameter tear, we did not show significant differences in either isokinetic muscle strength or muscle endurance during any movements. However, with modified mediolateral diameter, we found significant differences with isokinetic muscle strength during adduction, and in muscle endurance the external rotation and internal rotation. Conclusions: We found that a supraspinatus tendon tear associated with more numbers of rotator cuff tears has lower isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance than a tear found alone.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2008

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the normal glenoid size of Koreans in their 7th and 8th decades by conducting Computed tomographic (CT) studies. Materials and Methods: The CT images were obtained from the normal scapulae of the patients (mean age: 68.8) who had humeral fracture. A display workstation version 2.0.73.315 was used to measure the scans to determine the maximal superoinferior (SI) and anteroposterior (AP) diameters of the glenoid vault. Results: The average diameters of curvature of the glenoid were 31.2 mm (range: 27 to 34 mm) in the superior-inferior direction and 26.1mm (range: 22 to 31mm) in the anterior-posterior direction. Conclusion: This study showed the normal glenoid size of Koreans and it is different from the size that the international literature reported. It should be an important factor for the treatment of fracture or in designing arthroplasty implants.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2002

Background and Objectives : The aim of the this study is to determine the efficacy of an external prosthesis made of ringed Polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent Postanastomotic stenosis after surgical correction of extensive tracheal defects in rabbits. Materials and Methods : Thirty rabbits were used, divided into two groups of 15 animals each. Group A rabbits underwent resection of six-ring segments of the cervical trachea and tracheal end-to-end anastomosis. The Procedure used in group B was similar to that used in group A. but the tracheal anastomosis was supported by an external ringed polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis. After six months, rabbits were killed and tracheas were resected and then compared the postanastomotic tracheal stenosis using morphometry. Results : Anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, cross sectional area and intra luminal perimeter of trachea was greater in group B than group A. Also inflammatory changes of mucosa and submucosa were greater in group A than group B. Conclusion : A ringed PTFE as a external stent was effective to prevent tracheal stenosis resulting from the extensive tracheal resection and tracheal reconstruction in rabbits.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.84-95
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the measurement of corpus callosum (CC) size in the Alzheimer patient by using magnetic resonance (MR) midsagittal image. We performed MR scanning in 20 normal high age group, and in 20 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group, and in 20 Alzheimer disease (AD) group. The following parameters were employed in AD group: TRITE/FA 6650ms/66ms/$90^{\circ}$, NEX 2, Thickness/Gap 2/0, FOV 220mm. The magnetic field strength was used at 3.0 Tesla. We selected midsagittal image of the brain by using view forum program, measured CC size, which were anteroposterior length, diameter of genu, body, narrowing portion, and splenium. The present study demonstrates that CC size of Alzheimer disease can be useful for clinical assessment concerning the diameter of genu, body, and splenium.