• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2000

To develop the grain moisture meter using microwave free space transmission technique, a 10.5GHz microwave signal with the power of 11mW generated by an oscillar with a dielectric resonator is transmitted to an isolator and radiated from a transmitting $2{\times}2$ microstrip patch array antenna into the sample holder filled with the 12 to 26%w.b. of Korean Hwawung paddy rice. the microwave signal, attenuated through the grain with moisture, is collected by a receiving $2{\times}2$ microstrip patch array antenna and detected using a Shottky diode with excellent high frequency characteristic. A pair of light and simple microstrip patch array antenna for measurement of grain moisture content is designed and implemented on atenflon substrate with trleative dielectric constant of 2.6 and thickness of 0.54 by using Ensemble ver. 4.02 software. The aperture of microstrip patch arrays is 41 mm width and 24mm high. The characteristics of microstrip patch antenna such as grain. return loss, and bandwidth are 11.35dBi, -38dB and 0.35GHz($50^{\circ}$ at far-field pattern of E and H plane. The width of the sample holder is large enough to cover the signal between the antennas temperature and bulk density respectively. The calibration model for measurement of grain moisture content is proposed to reduce the effects of fluectuations in bulk density and temperature which give serious errors for the measurements . From the results of regression analysis using the statistically analysis method, the moisture content of grain samples (MC(%)) is expressed in terms of the output voltage(v), temperature (t), and bulk density of samples(${\rho}b$)as follows ;$$MC(%)\;=\;(-3.9838{\times}10^{-8}{\times}v^{3}+8.023{\times}10^{-6}{\times}v^{2}-0.0011{\times}v-0.0004{\times}t+0.1706){\frac{1}{{\rho}b}}{\times}100$ Its determination coefficient, standard error of prediction(SEP) and bias were found to be 0.9855, 0.479%w.b. and -0.0.369 %w.b. respectively between measured and predicted moisture contents of the grain samples.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2020

Assuming omnidirectional antenna reception, the ITU-R recently developed a new propagation model on building entry loss (BEL) for 5G millimeter-wave frequency sharing and compatibility studies, which is a simplified outdoor-to-indoor path loss model. Considering the utilization of high-gain narrow-beamwidth beamforming, the omnidirectional-based ITU-R BEL model may not be appropriate to predict propagation characteristics for directional beamforming scenarios. This paper studies the effects of beamwidth on the ITU-R BEL model. This study is based on field measurements collected with four different beamwidth antennas: omnidirectional, 10° horn, 30° horn, and 60° horn. The measurement campaigns were conducted at two types of building sites: traditional and thermally efficient buildings. These sites, as well as the measurement scenarios, were carefully chosen to comply with the ITU-R BEL measurement guidelines and the ITU-R building types. We observed the importance of accurate beam alignment from the BEL variation range. We were able to quantify the beamwidth dependency by fitting to a model that is inversely proportional to the beamwidth.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2011

Ka-band payload of COMS (Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite) launched in June 2010 was developed by ETRI with Korean local companies and also the in-orbit test (IOT) for the Ka-band payload was carried out entirely with domestic technology. The Ka-band payload IOT consisted of the antenna pattern measurements and the payload RF performance test was performed during about 40 days from 10 days after the launch. In this paper, the IOT methods and the results for the Ka-band payload are described in detail. According to the comparisons of each IOT test result with the corresponding ground test result, we can show that the Ka-band payload IOT and verification was successfully achieved and that all Ka-band channels of COMS are to be normal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.343-352
• /
• 2012

In order to precisely determine the vertical displacements of CORS antenna phase centers caused by their replacement, intensive research has been carried out in this paper throughout processing GPS measurements made before and after the events. After applying the estimated displacement in the data processing, results show that coordinate repeatability of the vertical component is able to be 7.9mm on average. Comparing with results (e.g., 23.5mm) without applying the displacement, it was possible to conclude that these accuracies are significantly improved, which is equivalent to those before the event of the replacement.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.694-701
• /
• 2016

According to revolutionary developments in automobile technologies, eco-friendly advanced vehicles (hybrid vehicle, hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle, electric vehicle, etc.) are rapidly increasing. The electromagnetic compatibility is getting more important for development of a vehicle because those advanced vehicles are driven by electric energy and equipped with more electric systems. In general, electromagnetic compatibility tests consist of an electromagnetic interference(EMI) test and an electromagnetic susceptibility(EMS) test. EMI test of the electric vehicles are needed not only in driving mode but also in charging mode because they must be recharged by much electric energy for driving. Depending on vehicle manufacturers, the charging device type and the location of charging device inlet in electric vehicles are various. In this paper, in order to investigate EMI of electric vehicles in charging mode in consideration of the direction of measuring antenna and the location of charging device inlet, a series of electromagnetic emission tests are conducted using three electric vehicles (neighborhood electric vehicle, electric vehicle and electric vehicle-bus). The test results show that electromagnetic emission measurements in charging mode are dependent on the direction of measuring antenna and the location of charging device inlet.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.206-211
• /
• 2004

A new techique is proposed for suppressing sidelobes due to the wave reflected from the waveguide end in the traveling-wave slot array. In this approach we use multiple sections of reduced-height waveguide with the final section terminated with a short circuit instead of the conventional matched load. To show the validity of the proposed method, a Ku-band slotted waveguide is fabricated and tested. Measurements confirm the excellent sidelobe suppressing capability of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 1990

An antenna gain measurement system using an extrapolation technique is described. The technique is similar to the usual two-antenna method for absolute gain measurement system, but involves the measurement of the received signal as a function of seperation in short distances, and the signal-versus-seperation data is processed in a way that allows an extrapolation of the signal to "infinite" seperation. In this technique it is possible to obtain the near field gain as function of distance by combining the far field gain and a proximity correction factor. The results of gain measurements of standard gain horn antennas and OEG (open ended waveguide) antennas are also presented.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.73.2-73.2
• /
• 2016

We present the results of KaVA SgrA* observation together with Takahagi(32m), Yamaguchi(32m) and Nobeyama(45m) telescopes at 22 and 43GHz, respectively. In early 2014, G2 cloud was expected to encounter with SgrA* and to make a significant flux variation, but it has not been measured yet. So it's worth to check our amplitude calibration method to confirm if we have a missing flux caused by uncertainty in measuring it. We have tested both a standard method using system noise temperature(Tsys) with antenna gain information, and a template method in order to calibrate antenna gain using nearby maser source. As a result, we found that the latter method is useful for antennas which have inaccurate gain information or poor Tsys measurements, and is especially effective for sources at low elevation like SgrA*. In addition, the comparison shows that the amplitude calibration by standard method can be improved up to 10% with a correction factor using a template method. This result implies we can get more accurate flux from a standard method when any maser source not exists around target.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.45 no.8
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we propose a lossy MTM transmission line unit cell and retrieve the parameter values related with radiation effects. Based on this unit cell model, we plot dispersion diagrams and analyze resonance conditions. We also discuss the input impedance or admittance behavior when we terminate the load as open or short. Then, we examine the quality factor and return loss bandwidth. We also design a very compact unit cell antenna using the provided lossy MTM-TL model. The results based on EM simulations and measurements are shown to be in good agreement with those based on circuit simulation.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.899-910
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a novel lateral stability control system for electric vehicle based on sideslip angle estimation through Kalman filter using the integration of a single antenna GPS receiver and yaw rate sensor. Using multi-rate measurements including yaw rate and course angle, time-varying parameters disappear from the measurement equation of the proposed Kalman filter. Accurate sideslip angle estimation is achieved by treating the combination of model uncertainties and external disturbances as extended states. Active front steering and direct yaw moment are integrated to manipulate sideslip angle and yaw rate of the vehicle. Instead of decoupling control design method, a new control scheme, "two-input two-output controller", is proposed. The extended states are utilized for disturbance rejection that improves the robustness of lateral stability control system. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified by computer simulations and experiments.