• Title/Summary/Keyword: Anode Effect

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An Effect of the Overlapping with the Anode and Cathode Flow Channel to PEMFC Performance (연료극과 공기극 유로의 겹침이 PEMFC 성능에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Ji-Hong;Lee, Myeong-Yong;Lee, Sang-Seok;Lee, Do-Hyung
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2009
  • PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) is a low temperature fuel cells which are high efficient and clean energy. But it has many problems like economical efficiency or durability. Because of this reason, many researchers challenge various view points. One of challenge is the flow channel design and many researchers develop new flow channel design. In addition to most of them have the anode and cathode's flow channel overlapped almost perfectly. In this case, the electrochemical reaction is almost done by the inertial force of flow. So we study on the effect of the anode and cathode's flow channel which aren't overlapped perfectly, have more diffusion effect, to PEMFC performance using CFD.

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The effect of cathodic protection system by means of zinc sacrificial anode on pier in Korea

  • Jeong, Jin-A;Jin, Chung-Kuk
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.38 no.10
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    • pp.1206-1211
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    • 2014
  • This study has been conducted to confirm the effect of sacrificial anode cathodic protection system for 90 days to protect corrosion on pier that is located in Korea. The cathodically protected structure was a slab and a pile cap. Before the construction of cathodic protection system, the macrography was carried out. As a result of the macrography, many corrosion traces were confirmed in this structure. The trace was mainly focused on joint and zones that concrete cover was eliminated. To apply the cathodic protection system, many onsite techniques have been adopted. In addition, to confirm the inner state of steel in concrete properly, a corrosion monitoring sensor (DMS-100, Conclinic Co. Ltd) has been applied. Test factors were corrosion & cathodic protection potential, 4 hour depolarization potential, resistivity and current density. After 90 days from the installation of cathodic protection system, it could confirm that proper corrosion protection effect was obtained by considering the result of tests.

Effect of Anode Voltage on Diamond-like Carbon Thin Film Using Linear Ion Source (Linear Ion Source를 이용한 Anode Voltage 변화에 따른 DLC 박막특성)

  • Kim, Wang-Ryeol;Jung, Uoo-Chang;Jo, Hyung-Ho;Park, Min-Suk;Chung, Won-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.179-185
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    • 2009
  • Diamond-like carbon(DLC) films were deposited by linear ion source(LIS)-physical vapor deposition method changing the anode voltages from 800 V to 1800 V, and characteristics of the films were investigated using residual stress tester, nano-indentation, micro raman spectroscopy, scratch tester and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope(FE-SEM). The results showed that the residual stress and hardness increased with increasing the ion energy up to anode voltage of 1400 V. It was also found that the content of $SP^3$ carbon increased with increasing the anode voltage $SP^3/SP^2$ ratio through investigation of $SP^3/SP^2$ ratio by the micro-raman analysis. From these results, it can be concluded that the physical properties of DLC films such as residual stress and hardness are increased with increasing the anode voltage. These results can be explained that 3-dimensional cross-links between carbon atoms and Dangling bond are enhanced and the internal compressive stress also increased with increasing the anode voltage. The optimal anode voltage is considered to be around 1400 V in these experimental conditions.

Fabrication and effect of different temperatures on the supported thin Anode for molten carbonate fuel cell (용융탄산염 연료전지에서 지지체를 사용한 얇은 연료극의 제작과 각기 다른 온도에서의 영향)

  • Park, Dongnyeok;Giulio, Nicola Di;Seo, Dongho;Yoon, Sungpil;Shul, Yonggun;Han, Jonghee
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2010.11a
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    • pp.82.1-82.1
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    • 2010
  • Recently, Molten carbonate fuel cells(MCFCs) have been developing to get a good durability and economic feasibility for commercialization. To achieve these objectives, the cost of nickel based electrodes should be reduced. Regular anode thickness used in MCFCs is normally 0.7mm. Thus, in our study, the purpose was to reduce anode thickness up to 0.3 mm keeping MCFC performance on standard levels. In-situ sintering has been used, with 2 different fabrication methods (method A and B) and 2 different supports (support 1 and 2). Voltage losses at different temperature (600,620,640,$650^{\circ}C$) and after 1000 hours showed the higher performance that can be obtained using method B and support 2. After single cell test, an open-circuit voltage(OCV) of 1.075 V and a closed-circuit voltage(CCV) of 0.829V were obtained, at current density of $150mV/cm^2$. Also the voltage loss ratio at different cell temperature was lower in the case of method B and support 2. According to these results, the cost of anode fabrication can be reduced in the future, contributing for the economical feasibility of MCFCs.

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Effect of Granulation and Compaction Methods on the Microstructure and Its Related Properties of SOFC Anode (과립형성 및 성형방법에 따른 SOFC 음극의 미세구조 및 특성)

  • Heo, Jang-Won;Lee, Jong-Ho;Hwang, Jin-Ha;Moon, Joo-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 2003
  • It is well known that the anode substrate of anode-supported type SOFC should have high electrical conductivity and high gas permeability to minimize the polarization loss of the cell performance during operation. In this study, we made anode substrates of SOFC with two different methods, which gave different anode microstructures, especially different pore structures with each other. We performed electrical and microstructural characterization of Ni/YSZ cermet anode via extensive measurements of its electrical conductivity and gas permeability combined with adequate image analysis based on quantitative stereological theory

Performance Characteristics of Anode-Supported Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (연료극 지지체식 원통형 고체산화물 연료전지의 성능 특성)

  • Song Rak-Hyun;Song Keun-Suk
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.368-373
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    • 2004
  • To improve the conventional cathode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) from the viewpoint of low cell power density, expensive fabrication process and high operation temperature, the anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell was investigated. The anode tube of Ni-8mol% $Y_2$O$_3$-stabilized $ZrO_2$ (8YSZ) was manufactured by extrusion process, and, the electrolyte of 8YSZ and the multi-layered cathode of $LaSrMnO_3$(LSM)ILSM-YSZ composite/$LaSrCoFeO_3$ were coated on the surface of the anode tube by slurry dip coating process, subsequently. Their cell performances were examined under gases of humidified hydrogen with 3% water and air. In the thermal cycle condition of heating and cooling rates with $3.33^{\circ}C$/min, the anode-supported tubular cell showed an excellent resistance as compared with the electrolyte-supported planar cell. The optimum hydrogen flow rate was evaluated and the air preheating increased the cell performance due to the increased gas temperature inside the cell. In long-term stability test, the single cell indicated a stable performance of 300 mA/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 0.85 V for 255 hr.

Effect of concentration of H2SO4 on electrochemical properties of equipped Al sacrificial anode to prevent the corrosion and discolor of silver surface (은의 표면 부식 및 변색을 방지하기 위해 설치된 Al 희생양극의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 황산 농도의 영향)

  • Shin, Byung-Hyun;Chung, Won-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.54 no.1
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    • pp.12-17
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    • 2021
  • Among the various precious metals, silver is used in various fields because of its low price than other precious metals. However, the surface of silver remains after rain in the atmosphere containing sulfur ions and chlorine ions, causing silver corrosion and discoloration. Existing documents have developed a anode to prevent corrosion but that are concentrated on secondary batteries. This study tried to prevent corrosion and discoloration of silver by using an Al sacrificial anode. Sulfuric acid decreased the potential of silver and increased the current density at active polarization and OCP. The amount of corrosion of silver with the Al sacrificial anode was reduced from 0.5 % to 6.5%. When silver is used for decoration outside, corrosion and discoloration of silver can be suppressed by installing an Al anode.

Effect of the Pore Structure on the Anodic Property of SOFC (SOFC 음극의 기공구조가 음극특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 허장원;이동석;이종호;김재동;김주선;이해원;문주호
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.86-91
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    • 2002
  • Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are of great interest of next generation energy conversion system due to their high energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. The basic SOFC unit consists of anode, cathode and solid electrolyte. Among these components, anode plays the most important role for the oxidation of fuel to generate electricity and also behaves as a substrate of the whole cell. It is normally requested that the anode materials should have the high electrical conductivity and gas permeability to reduce the polarization loss of the cell. In this study, the effect of pore former on the microstructure of anode substrate was investigated and thus on the electrical conductivity and the gas permeability. According to the results, microstructure and electrical conductivity of anode substrate were greatly influenced by the shape of pore former and especially by the anisotrpy of the pore former. The use of anisotropic pore former is supposed to deteriorate the cell performance by which the electrical conduction path is disconnected but also the effective gas diffusion path for the fuel is reduced.

Effect of a Reciprocating Paddle on the Electrodeposit Uniformity of Patterned Cathodes (왕복패들이 패턴화된 음극의 전착균일성에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh Young-joo;Chung Soon-hyo
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.196-202
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    • 2004
  • A numerical simulation based on the finite element method is used to investigate the effect of a reciprocal paddle on the uniformity of deposition rates at a patterned electrode. The calculated deposition rates agreed well with the measured values. The influences of the paddle velocity, the gap between cathodes and paddles, anode size and the distance between the anode and cathode have been studied. The optimum conditions on the paddle and geometric factors for electrodeposit uniformity could be obtained.