• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of anterolateral thigh free flap on soft tissue defect following wide excision in malignant soft tissue tumor of lower extremities. Methods: Between February 2005 to April 2010, we followed up 19 cases who were undergoing anterolateral thigh free flap because of soft tissue defect following wide excision of malignant soft tissue tumor in lower extremity, including 9 cases were heel, 5 cases in foot, 3 cases in ankle, 2 cases in knee and leg. We observed that of implanted area's color, peripheral circulation at 3, 5, 7 days after operation and evaluated operating time, amount of hemorrhage, implanted skin necrosis, additional operations, complications. And we also evaluated the oncologic results, including local recurrence, metastasis, and morbidity. Results: Average operation time of wide excision and anterolateral thigh free flap was 7 hour 28 minutes. 18(94.7%) of total 19 cases showed successful engraftment, on the other hand, failure of engraftment due to complete necrosis of flap in 1 case. In 18 cases with successful engraftment, reoperation was performed in 4 cases. Among them, removal of hematoma and engraftment of flap after bleeding control was performed in 3 cases, because of insufficient circulation due to the hematoma. In the remaining 1 case, graft necrosis due to flap infection was checked, and grafted after combination of wound debridement and conservative treatment such as antibiotics therapy, also skin graft was performed at debrided skin defect area. Skin color change was mainly due to congestion with hematoma, flap was not observed global congestion or necrosis except 4 cases which shows partial necrosis on margin that treated with conservative therapy. Conclusions: Anterolateral thigh free flap could be recommended for reconstruction of soft tissue defect following wide excision of malignant soft tissue tumor in lower extremity.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2015

There are many traumatic foot and ankle problems in orthopaedic fields. Though it is not life-threatening problems, a delay in accurate diagnosis and treatments can danger limb function and therefore correct diagnosis can prevent long-term complications. Achilles tendon rupture is relatively common injury for active sports people. Ultrasonography is cost-effective, irradiation -free, effective for evaluation of soft tissues and dynamic analysis. It has been growing importance in Achilles tendon rupture. Ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool in Achilles tendon rupture. Physical examination and patient history is needed to diagnose Achilles tendon without image, but it is missed up by 20% in private clinic. Discontinuity of normal fibrillar architecture seen on an ultrasonographic image is diagnostic for Achilles tendon rupture, and can be accentuated by the performance of dorsi-flexion and plantar flexion, while observing in real time. And ultrasonography is a reliable method for serial observation after surgical treatment or conservative treatment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.57-61
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of study was to find out the environmental risk factor that can be easily occurred imbalance muscle activities according to direction for using the ramp during one legged standing. Method : The subjects were 20 normal adults with a mean age of $23.15{\pm}2.14years$ and a Body Mmass Index (BMI) of $22.74{\pm}1.07$. Participants were measured muscle activities on vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus during one legged stance at four conditions ramp (down ramp, up ramp, medial ramp, lateral ramp). The statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS(Ver. 23) and p-value less than .05 were considered statistically significant for all cases. Result : In this study, the activity of the lower extremity muscle and the ratio of the vastus medial and lateral muscles according to the direction of use of the ramp were investigated. The changes in the muscle activity of the lower limbs along the direction of the ramp were significantly different between the vastus medial muscle and the peroneus longus muscle. Conclusion : For a short time on a ramp or a pedestrian crossing, a clerk in a ramp can move or stand by placing the lower limbs in various directions, but if performed in consideration of the individual's disease characteristics or unstable foot position, It is thought that there will be an effect to prevent on the ankle and knee unstability.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of step length on the joint moment. The subjects were 4 undergraduate and graduate students in their 20s with normal legs. The subjects were individually tested by the running timer at the walking speed of 0.67m/s, 134m/s, and 2.46m/s. The step length was regulated to -10% of normal, normal and +10% of normal step length using foot print. The walking performances of each subjects were filmed using a high speed video camera. The raw data were analyzed by LabVIEW Graphical Program and these data were analyzed by ANOVAs and Scheffe. The results of this study were as follows: The maximum dorsiflexion moment of the ankle joint increased as the step length increased only at the fast walking speed. Although there wasn't significant difference shown in the plantar flexion moment, regular pattern in the plantar flexion moment which increased as the step length increased was found. The first maximum extension moment of the knee joint increased only at the normal walking speed, but there appeared no significant difference in the maximum flexion and second extension moment. The maximum extension moment of the hip joint increased at the normal and fast walking speed. Although there wasn't significant difference, regular pattern in flexion moment which increased as the step length increased was found.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2014

Most analytical models of the human body have focused on conscious responses. A patellar tendon reflex, a representative example of spinal reflexes, occurs without a neural command. Muscle forces and activation of the quadriceps femoris muscles in healthy adults during patellar tendon reflex are identified in this study. The model is assumed to move in the sagittal plane, and the thigh and the trunk are assumed to be fixed in a sitting position so that the shank can move similar to a pendulum. The knee joint is modeled as a revolute joint, and the ankle joint is modeled as a fixed joint so that the shank and the foot can be regarded as one rigid body. Muscle forces are calculated following the inverse dynamic approach. Kinematic data obtained from an experiment (Mamizuka, 2007) are used as input data. Muscle activations are identified using a Hill-type muscle model. The obtained simulation results are compared with experimental results for validating the model and the underlying assumptions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.397-402
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• 2018

The study best image for diagnosis of fracture, dislocation and unilateral degenerative arthritis of the Sacroiliac joint, this study was performed to obtain the best image of the joint space of the hip joint by giving angle change to the pelvis phantom and the x-ray tube. I received evaluation. The results of the Receiver Operating Characteristic that in the case of simple photographs for the detection of joint arthritis and degenerative arthritis in the prone position, the photograph taken in the prone position raises the buttocks of the opposite side of the test by $25^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$ and the x-ray tube is perpendicular to the sagittal plane passing 2.5 cm inward from the thorny vertebra In the lying position, lift the Sacroiliac joint of the test side by $25^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$, and take a $5^{\circ}$ angle of the x-ray tube angle toward the foot toward the center of the upper bruch spine from it will be helpful to diagnose arthritis. the center of the upper bruch spine to the side of the ankle joints in the transverse direction And posterior direction, it will be helpful to diagnose arthritis.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 1997

Latissimus dorsi(LD) muscle is the largest transplantable block of vascularized tissue. Since LD free flap was introduced in 1970's, this flap has been widely used for the reconstruction of large soft tissue defect of the limb. From 1981 to 1996, we had experienced 37 cases of LD free flap. Serratus anterior muscle was combined with LD in three of them whose defects were very large. The average age of the patients was 31 years(range : 4-74 years), and thirty one patients were male. Trauma was cause of the defect in every case. For the recipient sites, the foot and ankle was the most common(22 cases); and the knee and lower leg(11 cases), the elbow and forearm(2 cases), the hand(2 cases) were the next. The duration of follow-up was averaged as 16 months(range: 6 months-12 years). Thirty one cases(84%) out of 37 were successful transplantations. In one case the failure of the flap was due to heart attack and subsequent death of the patient. One failure was caused by sudden violent seizure of the patient who had organic brain damage. Immediate reexploration of the flap was performed in 4 patients, and the flap survived in three of them. There was one necrosis of the grafted split-thickness skin on the survived LD flap. LD free flap was considered as one of the good methods, for the reconstruction of the large soft tissue defect of the limb.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.871-879
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• 1996

The authors studied 74 patients with cal therapy Kosin University Medical March 1994 through February 1995. The results were, as follows: 1. Average age of the subject patients was 59.3 years old, their age ranged from 20 to 84 years old, and the incidence between male and female was 1:1.24 2. In respect to the economy level the middle class revealed the highest incidence, 40(54%) in 74cases. 3. The cause of injury revealed the highest incidence in hypertension 52 patients(72 %), more than all revealed the highest incidence 23 patients(44 %) in 60th years old. 4. The form of injury revealed the highest incidence in infarction 36 patients(49 %), more then all revealed the highest incidence 13 patients (36 %) in 60th years old. 5. As for the region cerebral artery of infarction patients, middle cerebral artery was the highest region of injury 72 %. 6. As for the physical paralysis side, the left side showed higher incidence 40 patients(54 %) compared to the right side 31 patients (42 %). 7. The period of therapy was 56 days, in average extending from 7 days to II months, nore then all there were the most numerous patients within 3 weeks 28 patients(38 %). 8. The upper side of the upper lims had improved 67 patients(91 %), the lower side 48(65 %). In the cases of the lower limb, the upper side had improved 70(95 %), the lower side 58(78 %). In short, patients had improved more the lower limb than the upper limb, the upper side(elbow and shoulder part) then the lower side(wrist and finger) of the upper limb. In the cases of the lower limb, patients had improved more the upper side (knee and hip part) then the lower side(foot and ankle) 9. In the cases of patients can be walking among subject patients 55(74 %) and patients cannot be walking 19 (26 %), In the cases of patients utilized assistant apparatus 34 (62 %) among self-walking, completely patients can be self-walking 21(28 %).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.364-375
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to offer basic data for the fall prevention by analyzing the kinematic difference between the lower limb joints and the lower extremities in elderly people's walking given the lower-limb resistance exercises. For this, three-dimensional image analysis was carried out by selecting 7 elderly women from over 70s to under 80 years old. To obtain the three-dimensional location coordinates in the lower limb joints and the lower extremities, it shot with 100Hz/s by using MCU(Qualisys, Sweden) camera. The shot image gained raw data on the location coordinates by using QTM(Qualisys, Sweden). As a result of calculating three-dimensional angle by using program of Matlab 6.5, the following conclusions were obtained. Flexion and extension in the thigh and the lower-leg extremities were indicated to be big in motion of flexion after exercising at E5. Foot segment indicated statistical difference while showing eversion at E4. Knee joints showed flexion at E4 after exercising. Ankle joints showed statistical difference while indicating motion in inversion at E3 and in eversion at E4(p<.05).

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study was clinical review of pediatric patients with fracture that visited oriental medicine center. Methods: In retrospective study, the pediatric patients, who were visited to oriental medicine center due to fracture, were classified by sex, age, fracture site, date of accident, injury mechanism, time of treatment, kind of treatment. Results and Conclusion: Total 32 patients were visited due to fracture from April 2001 to March 2004. Male Patients were 27, female were 5. In distribution of age, 10 year-old and 11 year-old were 40.7% of totality. In distribution of month, May was 10(31.3%), June was 6(18.8%), and March was 4(12.5%). There are more patients with fracture in spring than other season. In distribution of fracture site, foot was 15(46.9%), hand was 7(21.9%), ankle was 4(12.5%), upper extremity was 3(9.4%), clavicle was 2(6.3%), tibia was 1(3.1%). In distribution of injury mechanism, slip down was 23(71.9%), impaction 5(15.6%), fall down 3(19.4%), crushing injury 1(13.1%). In distribution of injury motive, soccer was 8(25.0%), basketball 4(12.5%), skating 3(9.4%), cycling 2(6.3%), sliding 1(3.1%), Tae-kwon-do 1(3.1%), other sports 5(15.6%), collision 1(3.1%), walking 2(6.3%), hit 3(9.4%), etc. 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment account, one time was 23(71.9%), twice 3(9.4%), three times 2(6.3%), four times 2(6.3%), five times 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment time, 1 week was 26(81.3%), 2 weeks 4(12.5%), 3 weeks 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment kind, acupuncture treatment was 18(56.3%), negative cupping 7(21.9%), splint 13(40.6%), and other treatment(coban taping, medical patch, and so on) 5(15.6%), transfer 14(43.8%).