• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.233-246
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• 2022

Purpose : The study aims to determine the effects of virtual and non-virtual realities in a normal person's mirror walk on gait characteristics. Methods : Twenty male adults (Age: 27.8 ± 5.8 years) participated in the study. Reflection markers were attached to the subjects for motion analysis, and they walked in virtual reality environments with mirrors by wearing goggles that showed them the virtual environments. After walking in virtual environments, the subjects walked in non-virtual environments with mirrors a certain distance away after taking a 5 min break. To prevent the order effect caused by the experiential difference of gait order, the subjects were randomly classified into groups of 10 and the order was differentiated. During each walk, an infrared camera was used to detect motion and the marker positions were saved in real time. Results : Comparison between the virtual and non-virtual reality mirror walks showed that the movable range of the leg joints (ankle, knee, and hip joints), body joints (sacroiliac and atlantoaxial joints), and arm joints (shoulder and wrist joints) significantly differed. Temporal characteristics showed that compared to non-virtual gaits, the virtual gaits were slower and the cycle time and double limb support time of virtual gaits were longer. Furthermore, spacial characteristics showed that compared to non-virtual gaits, virtual gaits had shorter steps and stride lengths and longer stride width and horizontally longer center of movement. Conclusion : The reduction in the joint movement in virtual reality compared to that in non-virtual reality is due to adverse effects on balance and efficiency during walking. Moreover, the spatiotemporal characteristics change based on the gait mechanisms for balance, exhibiting that virtual walks are more demanding than non-virtual walks. However, note that the subject group is a normal group with no abnormalities in gait and balance and it is unclear whether the decrease in performance is due to the environment or fear. Therefore, the effects of the subject group's improvement and fear on the results need to be analyzed in future studies.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2016

목 적: 자연분만 후 발생한 비골신경마비 환자에 대한 Muscle Energy Technique (MET)병행 치료가 족하수 증상감소 및 기능 회복에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 환자들은 침, 뜸, 부항치료와 병행하여 하루 한번, 일주일에 5회 MET 치료를 받았다. MET는 piriform muscle, gluteus medius muscle, anterior tibial muscle, adductor muscles을 중심으로 시행하였으며 총 20회의 MET치료를 받았다. 효과측정에는 Ankle dorsiflexion ROM, Manual Muscle Test, Numerical Rating Scale, Ankle Hindfoot Scale이 사용되었다. 결 과: Case 1의 경우 MET병행치료 후 ROM은 −5에서 20으로 MMT는 0에서 4, NRS는 5에서 1, AHS는 54에서 94로 변화하였다. Case 2의 경우 MET병행치료 후 ROM은 0에서 20으로 MMT는 1에서 5, NRS는 4에서 1, AHS는 64에서 97로 변화하였다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 MET를 분만직후 발생한 비골신경마비로 인한 족하수 환자에게 침 뜸 부항 등 여러 치료와 병행하여 시행하여 증상 및 기능회복에 효과가 있었다. 기존의 연구와 비교하여 MET치료를 적용한 환자들의 치료 결과가 비슷하거나 치료기간을 단축시킨 것으로 미루어, MET는 분만 직후 발생한 비골신경마비 환자들에게 사용가능한 치료법이라 사료된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1318-1332
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of walk training on leg strength, flexibility, postural stability, balance and gait in home bound elderly women. Eighteen elderly women of the experimental group aged between 70 and 90 years image who have normal vision, hearing and Romberg test. They participated in the 12 week walk training. The subjects of the experimental group practiced walk training 3 times a week for during 12 weeks. During the 40 minute workout, the subjects practiced 5 minutes of warming-up exercises, 30 minutes of conditioning exercises and 10 minutes of a cool-down exercise. The intensity for the conditioning phase was determined by subject' heart rates, which ranged from 60% to 70% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. The body composition, leg strength, flexibility, postural stability, balance and gait were measured prior to and after the experimental treatment. The body fat, lean body mass, leg strength (ankle dorsiflexor, plantarflexor, inversor and eversir, knee flexor, extensior), flexibility (range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion and eversion), and postural stability of the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group. Duration of standing on the right foot and that of standing on the left foot of the experimental group was greater than that of the control group. Total balance scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Among 13 items for balance, the scores of experimental group in balance with eyes closes, turning balance, sternal nudge, neck turning, one leg standing balance and back extension were higher than those of the control group. Total scores of gait of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group following the walking training. Scores of experimental group in step height, step length and walk stance while walking among 9 items for gait were significantly higher than those of the control group. The results suggest that walk training can improve physical fitness for prevention in home bound elderly women.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

Purpose : We have evaluated the morbidity of donor site after transfer of free fibular osseous and osteocutaneous flap to defect site of bone and soft tissue due to chronic osteomyelitis of long tubular bone, open fracture with bony defect, bone or soft tissue tumor and congenital anomaly. Materials and methods : The 54 cases of 79 cases to be carried out from May, 1982 to May, 2001 which could be followed up were reviewed. There were forty nine in male and five in female. The mean age was 35(4 to 66)years old and mean follow up period is 21.3 month(12 to 72). We have retrospectively analyzed the various postoperative complications such as compartment syndrome, donor site infection, skin defect, hypesthesia, hammer toes, ankle instability and activity of daily living by help of questionnaire, telephone, physical examination, follow up x-ray study and chart. Results : In the total 54 cases the medication period for pain control after operation were classified into three groups under 2 weeks(49 cases), from 2 weeks to 6 weeks(3 cases) and over 6 weeks(2 cases). The postoperative morbidity were occurred in total 12 cases(compartment syndrome: 0, infection : 2, skin defect: 1, hypesthesia: 5, hammer toe: 2 ankle pain: 2 discomfort in activity of daily living: 0), and also the morbidity rates of donor site were 23.5% in osseous flap and 21.6% in osteocutaneous flap were occurred. There was no statistical significonce in morbidity between osseous and osteocutaneous free fibular flap transfer(P>0.05). Discussion : In general the morbidity of free fibular flap transfer was relatively high but it did not have any effect on daily activity of living. We think that the meticulous operation technique, detailed wound care and early range of motion exercise will reduce the morbidity of donor site of flap.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the result of combined Weil and dorsal closing wedge osteotomy for Freiberg's disease. Materials and Methods: We performed combined Weil and dorsal closing wedge osteotomy of the second metatarsal under the diagnosis of Freiberg's disease in 7 patients, 7 feet (2 male and 5 female). The mean age at the time of operation was 29 years and the mean follow-up period was 31 months. Patients had no trauma history and no combined deformity of the foot. The surgical results were evaluated by VAS and weight bearing radiographs in antero-posterior and oblique projection. Results: According to Smillie staging system, there were 1 of stage II, 2 of stage III and 4 of stage IV patients. The osteotomy site was united at 8 weeks and the second metatarsal was shortened in length of average 2.8 mm. Remodeling of the metatarsal head was observed at 24 months. The mean VAS was decreased from 8.2 points preoperatively to 2.7 points at follow-up. And average range of motion of second metatarso-phalangeal joint was increased from 30o preoperatively to 45o at follow-up. There was no transfer metatarsalgia or arthritis of the metatarsal head during follow-up. Conclusion: Combined Weil and dorsal closing wedge osteotomy of the metatarsal appears to be an effective procedure for the treatment of Freiberg's disease with a view to shortening of metatarsal length and elevation of metatarsal head.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the health promotion program to increase the functional status of the in-house stroke patients. The subjects for the experiment are 38 in-house stroke patients in a health center and welfare centers suffering from hemiplegia. The experimental group consists of 19 stroke patients and the control group consists of another 19 stroke patients. The program was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks. The subjects were given health education at the first week. At the second and the fifth week they were given counselling on health by home visit. At the third, the fourth, the sixth and the seventh week they were interviewed by phone about health, and at the last week they shared their experiences through group meeting. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The degree of ADL in the experimental group increased significantly, compared with that of the control group. 2. In the experimental group the degree of Range of Motion in shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion increased significantly, compared with that of the control group. 3. In the experimental group the degree of muscle strength in elbow flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion increased significantly, compared with that of the control group. 4. Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure in the experimental group decreased significantly, compared with that the control group. 5. HWR in the experimental group didn't decreased significantly, compared with that the control group. 6. The degree of depression in the experimental group decreased significantly, compared with that the control group. 7. The degree of social adaptation in the experimental group increased significantly, compared with that the control group. The results above show that the health promotion program for this study was effective in promoting the performance of lifestyle for health improvement of the in-house stroke patients. Therefore, it is considered that the program can be used as an efficient nursing intervention for the in-house stroke patients who need continuous health-improving behaviors.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.272-276
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• 2013

Purpose: Recurrence is one of the most common complications after primary correction for hallux valgus deformities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Scarf osteotomy with axial decompression in the treatment of recurrent hallux valgus. Materials and Methods: From April 2006 to April 2011, 14 cases (12 patients) of recurrent hallux valgus were managed with shortening Scarf osteotomy. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were reviewed for the measurement of the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and the amount of the $1^{st}$ metatarsal shortening. Clinical outcomes including the visual analogue scale (VAS), the AOFAS score, and the range of motion [ROM] of the 1st metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint were evaluated. Results: The mean HVA decreased from 27.9 degrees to 5.2 and the mean IMA decreased from 12.9 to 3.4. The mean VAS improved from 5.3 to 0.3 and the mean AOFAS score improved from 41 to 90. The mean amount of the 1st metatarsal shortening was 3.4 mm (2-5). The mean ROM of the $1^{st}$ MTP joint improved from 22 degrees (15-35) to 68 (55-75). Conclusion: Scarf osteotomy associated with axial decompression can be a useful revision procedure for the treatment of recurrent hallux valgus deformity.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2022

Gastrocnemius muscle partial rupture is a common muscle injury. This case is report on a patient with a gastrocnemius muscle partial rupture who was continuously observed with ultrasonography while receiving Korean medicine treatment. Acupuncture, pharmacoacupuncture, herbal medicine, physical therapy and rehabilitation treatment were performed on a patient diagnosed with gastrocnemius partial rupture. The improvement of symptoms was evaluated using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Range of Motion (ROM) of ankle, circumference of calf and size of hematoma by using ultrasonography. NRS decreased more than 90%, ROM of ankle joint gradually improved, calf circumference improved, and hematoma reduced by more than 90% when measured by ultrasonography. In this study, gastrocnemius muscle partial rupture was observed with ultrasonography, and it is considered that the Korean medical treatment is useful for gastrocnemius muscle partial rupture.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2012

Purpose: Soft tissue defect on posterior side of heel exposing Achilles tendon is vulnerable and require thin flap to improve aesthetic and functional results. Reverse superficial sural artery flap is simple and fast procedure, and it can preserves major arteries, supplies reliable constant blood, causes less donor site complication. Authors reviewed our cases and report the clinical results. Materials and Methods: Nine cases of soft tissue defects on the posterior side of heel exposing Achilles tendon were treated with distally based superficial sural artery flap. There were 6 male and 3 female and mean age was 48.4 years. The size of flap was from $4{\times}4cm$ to $10{\times}15cm$ and mean follow-up period was 23 months. Flap survival, postoperative complications were evaluated. Results: All flaps were survived completely without necrosis. There was one case of partial wound dehiscence that needed debridement and repair, and other one case had recurrent discharge that was healed after removal of calcaneal plate. All patient showed acceptable range of ankle motion. Conclusion: Authors suggest that the reverse superficial sural artery flap could be one of the useful treatment options for the soft tissue defect on posterior side of heel exposing Achilles tendon.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ankle kinesio taping on postural control function during exercise in university students. Method : Thirty subjects were randomly allocated to three groups: Y taping group (n=20), I taping group (n=20) and Non-taping group (n=20). All groups underwent the same exercise program including stretching for 30 minutes. The exercise program proceeded in the following order: five minutes of stretching, a 20-minutes exercise program, and additional five 5 minutes of stretching. Of the eight exercise methods suggested by Purcell et al, seven were chosen (lateral shuffle, forward & backward running, agility ladder, figure-of-8, forward jogging while jumping over cones, wall jumps and zigzags); $90^{\circ}$ cuts with lateral shuffle were omitted. The postural control functions was measured participants's perceptions of stability, confidence, and reassurance using methods suggested by Purcell et al,. Result : The confidence was significant difference in I taping group compared to Non taping group. The reassurance was significant difference in Y taping group and I taping group compared to Non taping group. Conclusion : The Kinesio taping increased confidence, and reassurance during exercise in university students. Additional research on Kinesio taping for improving range of motion and agility is need.