• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.1 s.94
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• pp.68-74
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the coagulation and homogenization in bulking sludge thickening of paper manufacturing plant using DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) and gravitational sedimentation. The effects of parameters such as dosage of coagulant and homogenization time were examined. The results showed that DAF and sedimentation was affected aluminum sulfate and anion polymer coagulant differently. At the optimum dosage of aluminum sulfate, thickening efficiency of DAF and sedimentation process were increase 1.25 time and 2.02 time, respectively. At the optimum dosage of anion polymer coagulant, thickening efficiency of DAF process was increase 1.35 time, but thickening efficiency at sedimentation was 1.06 time. When anion polymer coagulant of 0.5 mg/l was added in DAF process, water content of sludge was decreased from 96.6% to 90.7% in dewatering process using Buchner funnel test device. After homogenization(20500 rpm, 10 min), Sauter mean diameter of sludge floc was decreased from 631 ${\mu}m$ to 427 ${\mu}m$, however increase of flotation efficiency by DAF was only 1.09 time.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.427-433
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• 2006

We investigated the effect of propolis on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver exposed by X-ray irradiation. The dosage of propolis showed the effect of lowering the concentration of superoxide anion in irradiated rat liver, suggesting that propolis has a significant role to remove superoxide anion as an antioxidant and/or by activating the antioxidant enzyme. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR), disturbed by X-ray irradiation, were restored in 30 days to normal status in the group which dosed propolis before X-ray irradiation. Interestingly, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activities were highly increased with feeding propolis to rat compared to untreated group, whereas glutathione s-transferase (GST) activity was little affected. Taken together, it suggests that the propolis has a protective role in the rat liver cells against X-ray irradiation by increasing and recovering the activities of antioxidant enzymes.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.43-43
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• 2003

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.206-211
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• 1999

Mixed-bed ion exchange performance was studied experimentally with variations of cation to anion resin ratio, resin weight and temperature at ultralow sodium chloride solution concentrations of less than $1.0{\times}10^{-4}M$. Analyzing the effluent concentration histories the performance test was examined as a function of tested solution volume for a laboratory-scale continuous flow column until both the cation and anion-exchange resins were exhausted. Initial leakage was observed for both cation and anion breakthrough curves, but serious at cation breakthrough curve because of low selectivity coefficient. The slope of breakthrough curve was affected by selectivity coefficient and temperature. The slope of anion breakthrough curve was steep because of the large selectivity coefficient, and ion exchange rates increased as temperature increased. The temperature effect decreased as the total volume was increased or as the resins were exhausted.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.867-873
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• 2010

The total phenolic contents and the antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of different parts (fruit, calyx, leaf, stem, and root) of Physalis alkekengi var. francheti were investigated using established in vitro systems including DPPH radical-scavenging, nitrite-scavenging, superoxide anion radical-scavenging activity, measurement of reducing power, and assessment of the metal-chelating effect. The highest extraction yield was from fruit (52.55%), whereas the lowest levels were obtained from root (10.49%) and stem (12.88%).The leaf extract had the highest total phenolic (58.47 mg/g) and total flavonoid (4.83 mg/g) contents, plus the greatest antioxidant activity, as shown by the DPPH radical-scavenging assay, and the highest levels of reducing power at concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/mL. In addition, the calyx also showed good antioxidant activity.These findings indicate that methanolic extracts of leaf and calyx may be useful in the food manufacturing and nutraceutical industries.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1135-1141
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• 2007

In recent year, We are concerned in anti-aging, disease-protection, long-life, many method are used in solving this problem. Recently, We heard that Luffae Fructus Retinervus(LFR) has effect of anti-aging, disease-protection, long-life. So I let made a experiment for this result. The purpose of this study is to; 1) the anti-oxidant effect of Luffae Fructus Retinervus(LFR) used for 3 methods, those are DPPH radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide(NO) radical scavenging activity, Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, 2) cultivation 3T3-L 1 Preadipocytes and Protein chip used for ProteoPlexTM 16-Well Murine Cytokine Array Kit. We measured level of DPPH radical scavenging activity. And we experienced that the ability of DPPH radical's elimination was increased by rising concentration of LFR. When the concentration of LFR was 5 mg/ml, the ability of DPPH radical's elimination was Maximum. We measured level of Nitric oxide(NO) radical scavenging activity. And we founded that the ability of NO radical's elimination was significant when concentration of LFR was from 1.25 mg/ml to 2.5 mg/ml. We measured level of Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. And we founded that the ability of Superoxide anion radical's elimination was maximum when concentration of LFR was 0.3125 mg. When we inspected Antioxidative Effects with BSA, we experienced that ability of defense was increased by rising concentration of LFR. We known the immunity of LFR about 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and gained the increase of Cytokines(IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF) without IL-12p70, $INF-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ So I guess that Luffae Fructus Retinervus(LFR) has effects of anti-aging, disease-protection, long-life, etc.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2013

Perchlorate ($ClO{_4}^-$) is the material that is used as propellants of rockets and material of explosive as a form of ammonium perchlorate salts. Ammonium perchlorate solution of high concentration is recovered from expired rocket through demilitarization process by the water-jet method. If people take perchlorate in food and water, it interferes with adsorption of iodide which is the substance needed to synthesize thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland. It has an bad influence upon disturbing pregnancy and synthesis of growth hormone. So the effective method is necessary to remove perchlorate anion in water. By considering economic aspect, we studied effective desorption (regeneration) of perchlorate anion from adsorbent with studies on removal and adsorption of perchlorate anion. Desorption experiment was conducted as batch type. Depending on various conditions (concentration, pH, cation anion form) elution, we evaluated amount, efficiency of desorption(amount of adsorption/desorption ${\times}$ 100). Also, research confirmed the efficiency of mixed resins between anion exchange resin and activated carbon and expected synergic effect from advantages of both adsorbents.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.259-277
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• 2017

Adsorption is a widely used technique for the removal of dyes from wastewaters by variety of adsorbents. In this work, the main focus is on the potential assessment of anion exchange membrane for the removal of different dyes using batch system and investigation of experimental data by applying various kinetic and thermodynamic models. The removal of anionic dyes i.e., Eosin-B, Eriochrome Black-T and Congo Red by anion exchange membrane BII from aqueous solution was carried out and effect of various parameters such as contact time, membrane dosage, temperature and ionic strength on the percentage removal of anionic dyes was studied. The experimental data was assessed by kinetic models namely pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich liquid film diffusion, Bangham and the modified Freundlich models equation have been used to analyze the experimental data. These results indicate that the adsorption of these anionic dyes on BII follows pseudo-second-order kinetics with maximum values of regression coefficient (0.992-0.998) for all the systems. The adsorption of dyes was more suitable to be controlled by a liquid film diffusion mechanism. The adsorptive removal of dye Eosin-B and Eriochrome Black-T were decreased with temperature and thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (${\Delta}G^o$), enthalpy (${\Delta}H^o$) and entropy (${\Delta}S^o$) for adsorption of dyes on membrane BII were calculated at 298 K, 308 K and 318 K. The values of enthalpy and entropy were negative for EB and EBT representing that the adsorption of these dyes on BII is physiosorptive and exothermic in nature. Whereas the positive values of enthalpy and entropy for CR adsorption on BII, indicating that its adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. It is evident from this study that anion exchange membrane has shown good potential for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution and it can be used as adsorbent for dues removal on commercial levels.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.310-319
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• 2015

Three kinds of anion-exchangeable functional groups with different hydrocarbon molecular structures were introduced to vinyl benzyl chloride-based membrane to understand the effect of attached function in anion-exchange membrane. Trimethylamine (TMA) as an aliphatic fuction, N-methylpiperidine (MP) as an alicyclic fuction and pyridine (Py) as an aromatic function were introduced by amination. The respective reactivity was observed by the trace of membrane resistance( MER)/ion exchange capacity (IEC) and the increasing order of reactivity was Py < MP < TMA. Meanwhile, SEM photograph showed the attached Py ion-exchange membrane was the most homogenous and compact structure in the study. In electrochemical properties, the attached Py ion-exchange membrane showed the MER ($5.0{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ >, in 0.5 mol/L NaCl), comparable to those of commercial membrane (AMX). All results showed that the resonance structure of attached functional group might contribute to the preparation of homogenous anion-exchange membrane.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2005

A survey was performed for 2 weeks in October 2004 in order to examine the effects and changes of far infrared and anion of office workers aged 40 and older before and after wearing the underwear. In the survey, questionnaires and photoplethysmography were used to measure the difference between the two tests conducted with one week interval. The findings could be summed up as follows: 1. There was no statistically significant difference in changes of vascular aging points and photoplethysmogram wave form before and after wearing the far infrared and anion underwear but the points showed the increasing tendency(p>0.05). 2. A statistically significant difference was confirmed since the total points of each item in the questionnaires increased after wearing the underwear(p<0.001). 3. In connection with the systemic symptoms, a significant difference was found with increased points in all items except for no. 6 after wearing the underwear(p<0.05). 4. With regard to the difference before and after wearing the underwear depending on the Kidney symptoms, there was a significant difference with increased points in all items except for item no. 1 after wearing the underwear(p<0.05). In conclusion, to put on the underwear with effect of far infrared and anion is believed to smooth metabolism and blood circulation, contributing by thus to promoting health and preventing disease. Further studies with wider sampling of subjects are requested to diversify and refine the findings from this sectional study.