• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.103-106
• /
• 1990

A balance study was conducted to determine the requirements of iron, copper, cobalt and manganese in crossbred calves. Six calves were fed milk average 10 percent of their body weight and were supplemented with 15 g mineral mixture daily. A balance trial was conducted at $2\frac{1}{2}$ months of age. The primary route of excretion was through digestive tract as 99.87, 80.99, 77.27 and 99.94 percent of Fe, Cu, Co and Mn were excreted through faeces. The requirements of Fe, Cu, Co and Mn were computed using the respective mineral balance data and were found to be 169.60, 7.20, 4.48 and 8.89 mg/kg respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.564-566
• /
• 2001

A study was undertaken to record the utilization of some micro-elements during inflammation of the mammary gland. Two groups of twenty five animals each suffering from subclinical and clinical mastitis were selected for the study. All the animals were maintained on identical diets. Blood zinc level in cows with subclinical mastitis ($5.66{\pm}0.52$) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of healthy cows ($8.46{\pm}1.10ppm$). No significant difference was, however, recorded in blood copper and cobalt levels between healthy and mastitic cows.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2024

Meat contains high-value protein compounds that might degrade as a result of oxidation and microbial contamination. Additionally, various pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms can grow in meat. Moreover, contamination with pathogenic microorganisms above the infectious dose has caused foodborne illness outbreaks. To decrease the microbial population, traditional meat preservation methods such as thermal treatment and chemical disinfectants are used, but it may have limitations for the maintenance of meat quality or the consumers acceptance. Thus, non-thermal technologies (e.g., high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field, non-thermal plasma, pulsed light, supercritical carbon dioxide technology, ozone, irradiation, ultraviolet light, and ultrasound) have emerged to improve the shelf life and meat safety. Non-thermal technologies are becoming increasingly important because of their advantages in maintaining low temperature, meat nutrition, and short processing time. Especially, pulsed light and pulsed electric field treatment induce few sensory and physiological changes in high fat and protein meat products, making them suitable for the application. Many research results showed that these non-thermal technologies may keep meat fresh and maintain heat-sensitive elements in meat products.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.617-623
• /
• 2008

A fine-mapping method exploiting linkage disequilibrium was used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) on the X chromosome affecting milk production, body conformation and productivity traits. The pedigree comprised 22 paternal half-sib families of Black-and-White Holstein bulls in the Netherlands in a grand-daughter design for a total of 955 sons. Twenty-five microsatellite markers were genotyped to construct a linkage map on the chromosome X spanning 170 Haldane cM with an average inter-marker distance of 7.1 cM. A covariance matrix including elements about identical-by-descent probabilities between haplotypes regarding QTL allele effects was incorporated into the animal model, and a restricted maximum-likelihood method was applied for the presence of QTL using the LDVCM program. Significance thresholds were obtained by permuting haplotypes to phenotypes and by using a false discovery rate procedure. Seven QTL responsible for conformation types (teat length, rump width, rear leg set, angularity and fore udder attachment), behavior (temperament) and a mixture of production and health (durable prestation) were detected at the suggestive level. Some QTL affecting teat length, rump width, durable prestation and rear leg set had small numbers of haplotype clusters, which may indicate good classification of alleles for causal genes or markers that are tightly associated with the causal mutation. However, higher maker density is required to better refine the QTL position and to better characterize functionally distinct haplotypes which will provide information to find causal genes for the traits.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.1055-1059
• /
• 2003

Keratins, the constituents of epithelial intermediate filaments, are precisely regulated in a tissue and development specific manner. There are two types of keratin in bovine. The type I is acidic keratin and the type II is neutral/basic keratin. 1.5 kb of 5' flanking sequence of Korean cattle Keratin IV gene, type II keratin (59 kDa), was cloned and sequenced. A symmetrical motif AApuCCAAA are located in a defined region upstream of the TATA box. Proximal SP1, AP1, E-box and CACC elements as the major determinants of transcription are identified. When it was compared to the bovine sequence from -600 bp to ATG upstream, the homology was 97% in nucleotide sequence. Several A and T sequences, located in the promoter region, are deleted in the Korean cattle. An expression vector consisted of Korean cattle Keratin IV gene promoter/SV40 large T antigen was transfected to HaCaT cell (Epithelial keratinocyte). The transformed HaCaT cells showed active proliferation when treated with PDGF (Platelet-derived growth factor) in 0.3% soft agar compared to control cells. These results indicate that Korean cattle Keratin IVgene promoter can be used as a promoter for transfection into epithelial cell.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.1139-1147
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the trace elemental nutritive values of soil and forages collected from southwestern part of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Soil and forage samples were collected fortnightly for two seasons. The concentrations of some trace minerals varied greatly among seasons and sampling periods. Seasonal effects were found in all soil micro-minerals except zinc, while forage iron, zinc, and selenium were affected by seasonal changes. Sampling periods effects were observed in all soil minerals and in forage copper, iron, zinc, and manganese only. All soil mineral levels except cobalt and selenium were sufficiently high to meet the requirements of plants for normal growth during both seasons. In contrast, soil Co and Se levels were severely deficient during both seasons and considered inadequate for plant growth. Soil Fe, Zn, Co, and Se levels were higher, and Cu and Mn lower during winter than those during summer. Forage Zn levels during summer were at marginal deficient levels, and in contrast, all other forage micro-minerals were within the required range for ruminants during both seasons. Although forage mico-minerals were within the range required by the ruminants, they were not sufficiently high to prevent the predisposition to various diseases caused by nutrient deficiency. Consequently, grazing animals at this location need continued mineral supplementation of these elements with a mixtures of high bio-availability rather than of high micro-mineral contents to support optimum ruminant productivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2006.09a
• /
• pp.65.1-65.1
• /
• 2006

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.9-11
• /
• 2005

A new species of the genus Smenospongia (Dictyoceratida, Thorectidae), S. coreana n. sp., is described from Gageodo Island, Korea. This new species is readily distinguished from the other species of Smenospongia by the un-lobated growth forms and un-crowded primary fibres. S. aurea and S. lamellata are no distinction between primary and secondary elements, but this species is easily distinguished from them. The matrix easily derived from the fibres. This species has five sesterterpenes, three scalaranetypes and two linear furanosesterterpenes, in chemical compounds.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.169-173
• /
• 2006

Zygomolgus dentatus n. sp. is described based on specimens from washings of compound ascidians from intertidal shores of Korea. It possesses the long caudal rami which are 5.6 times as long as their width, four scales on the convex side of mandible, and three setal elements and a large process on maxillule. Lichomolgides cuanensis Gotto, the only representative of the genus Lichomolgides, is transferred to the genus Zygomolgus.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2009

The very low density apolipoprotein-II (apoVLDL-II) gene is closely related with the constitution of the lipoprotein in various tissues. The apoVLDL-II gene have main functions for reducing fat elements from tissues and muscles. Previous results indicated that the polymorphisms in apoVLDL-II gene were positively related with growth and body composition traits in chicken. In this study, we analyzed previously identified apoVLDL-II gene polymorphisms using the PCR-RFLP method and investigated allele and genotype frequencies in three chicken breeds. Data indicated that Korean native chicken and Korean Oge chicken have similar B and F gene frequencies, indicating that this marker can be used for the improvement of growth and body composition traits in those breeds and can be used as marker assisted selection with further verifications.