• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.72-85
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• 1983

Rice whitening is performed by basically two different whitening actions known as abrasive and frictional. The former adopted in the emery stone abrasive type whiteners and the latter in the jet-air friction type. Comparative milling yields and whitening efficiencies between the whitening system consisting of jet-air friction type whiteners only and the system consisting of both abrasive- and jet-air friction-types have not yet been rigorously defined. This study was to examine the effect of combined operations of abrasive- and jet-air friction-type rice whiteners on milling yields and whitening efficiencies. The small capacity commercial units of the abrasive- and friction-type whiteners were used for the experiments. The combinations of whitening treatments were: 1) Once in the abrasive type and then two to three times in the friction type, 2) twice in the abrasive and then two to three times in the friction type and 3) three to five times in friction type. In these tests, counter pressures for the friction type whiteners were established differently as required to get about the same degree of whitening at the end of predetermined numbers of the repeated operations. The speed of emery stone and the slot angle of the screen were also the factors varied in the abrasive type whitener. Sheukwang rice variety having 13.05% M.C. was used in the tests. The dependent variables were the milled- and head-rice recoveries and electricity consumption. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. It was found that in the whitening systems consisting of abrasive- and friction-type whiteners slot angle of the screen, the rotational speed of emery stone roller had significant effect on the milling yields and whitening efficiency. In general, the increase of the emery stone roller speed from 690 to 950 rpm presented a positive effect on milling yield, and one-pass abrasive milling combinations had higher milling yields than two-pass abrasive milling combinations. 2. It was apparent that if the slot angle of the screen and the speed of emery stone roller are modified and set at an optimum level, the combination whitening system consisting of abrasive- and friction-type whiteners is better than the pure frictional whitening system consisting of jet-air friction type in terms of milling yields and efficiencies. 3. In the rice whitening system consisting of abrasive- and jet-air friction-type whiteners, the best whitening performance was obtained when the slot angle of the screen and the rotational speed of emery stone roller were $45^{\circ}$ and 950rpm, respectively, for the one-pass abrasive milling combinations. However, for the two-pass abrasive mi11ing combinations, the best performance was obtained with $75^{\circ}$ of slot angle and 950 rpm of the emery stone roller speed. 4. As compared with pure frictional whitening systems, the combination systems produced more milled rice by 0.8-1.0% point and more head rice by 0.5-1.5% point, and consumed less electricity by 0.15-0.20 KwH per 100kg of milled rice when the abrasive whiteners were operated in the modified conditions as described in item 3 above. Further study is recommended to find out optimum operational and design conditions of abrasive type whiterners.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2017

This study examines the implementation of a kinematic machining tool to evaluate the interference and collision phenomenon of 5-axis machining of wing ribs from airplanes, particularly for a large-size model airplane. We develop a machine simulation model of a parallel kinematic machining tool that can operate in a virtual space, which is equivalent to the authentic conditions in the field. The investigation of the simulation function elements indicates the necessity to generate the 6-axis machining, which attaches an angle head to the main axis of the machine. Using an NC program for the wing ribs, we attempt to verify the correspondence and conformity between the machine simulation model and the actual equipment.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.440-444
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• 2006

1. 도복정고에 따른 주요 작물학적 특성은 도복시기가 빠르고, 도복정도가 심할수록 수당립수는 많았고, 등숙비율은 낮았으며, 현미천립중은 가벼웠다. 2. 완전미도정수율은 출수후 20일 완전도복(9), 출수후 20일 반도복(5), 출수후 25일 완전도복(9), 출수후 25일 반도복(5), 출수후 30일 완전도복(9), 출수후 30일의 반도복(5), 무도복 순으로 높게 유의성이 인정되었다. 따라서 도복에 따른 완전미도정수율은 도복시기가 빠르고 도복정도가 심할수록 낮아지고 분상질미, 쇄미 및 사미는 증가하는 경향이었다. 3. 밥의 찰기와 질감에 나쁜 영향을 주는 단백질함량이나 밥맛을 간접적으로 비교하는 토요식미치와 실제적인 페널에 의한 밥맛은 무도복에 비해 도복시기가 빠르고 도복정도가 심할수록 식미가 나빠지는 쪽으로 영향을 미쳤고, 도복 시기보다는 도복정도가 더 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다.