• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

As for comics and animation, the specific gravity came to become still larger in all the art fields together with the importance in various image media now which is useful and goes the time of the 21st century new media. Especially the demand of users to the vision culture which develops day by day, Sensitivity Engineering Department is trying to realize the necessity for a sensitivity design acutely together. The influence of the comics which have toxicity most also in Japanese culture in a geographical position like South Korea on it, and animation is the actual condition in the reason which has reached from youth universally to the layer for years, to be inquired systematic to a Korean comics language. This reserch was conducted as we thought sufficient study on various situations are required, and among them, for the reserch of expressions of cartoons's characters, we've divided the expressions of characters that comes out in Japanese cartoons into catagories of "happiness, anger, sadness, pleasure" and "fear, astonishment and dislike" and based on these catagories, we've drawn out the minimum elements to express emotions in cartoon and prepared image-map by relating them with languages that express emotions of people and based on this, we've made a calculating tools on how our readers would read the expression languages. Samples of Japanese cartoons of which we've chosen for the purpose of drawing out the elements of expressions were limited to only published cartoons and we've made a foot steps for expression analysis of animation characters in the future.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.91-107
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• 2002

In order to evaluate the factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in small and medium scale industry, the questionnaire survey and the blood pressure measurement were performed on 138 hypertensive patients who were reported to have C or $D_2$ result of hypertension at the workers' periodic health examination from March to November 2001. The contents of questionnaire included the informations of factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients such as, age, sex, marital status, income, education levels, scale, occupation, work duration, smoking and drinking habits, exercise, family history, stress and A type personality, employer's concern, organizational culture, health status, awareness, knowledge and attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The proportion of those who were compliant to the treatment of hypertension was 41.3% of subjects. Among small scale industry less than 50 employees, the rate of therapeutic compliance group was 27.5% and therapeutic noncompliance group was 72.5%. Among medium scale industry more than 50 employees, the rate of therapeutic compliance group was 60.3% and therapeutic noncompliance group was 39.7%. 2. Among therapeutic noncompliance group, 95.1% of patients were aware of the fact that workers have hypertension, and 77.8% of patients got 6-10 marks of hypertension related knowledge. For health education, 27.2% were experienced and 34.6% said no intention to participate. And for hypertension treatment, 9.9% said no need to get the treatment and 44.4% said have no idea whether get treatment or not. 3. The significant factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in small scale industry were work duration, A type personality(anger), health status, attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. 4. The significant factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in medium scale industry were age, occupation, subjective symptom, attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. In consideration of above findings, it was suggested that in order to improve the therapeutic compliance in small and medium scale industry hypertensives, it be necessary to change attitude, perception, knowledge and treatment of hypertension by various methods such as effective health education and individually consulting programs by occupational health professional.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.246-254
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• 2007

As for comics and animation, the specific gravity came to become still larger in all the art fields together with the importance in various image media now which is useful and goes the time of the 21st century new media. Especially the demand of users to the vision culture which develops day by day, Sensitivity Engineering Department is trying to realize the necessity for a sensitivity design acutely together. The influence of the comics which have toxicity most also in Japanese culture in a geographical position like South Korea on it, and animation is the actual condition in the reason which has reached from youth universally to the layer for years, to be inquired systematic to a Korean comics language. This research was conducted as we thought sufficient study on various situations are required, and among them for the research of expressions of cartoons's characters, we've divided the expressions of characters that comes out in Japanese cartoons into categories of 'happiness, anger, sadness, pleasure' and 'fear, astonishment and dislike' and based on these categories, we've drawn out the minimum elements to express emotions in cartoon and prepared image-map by relating them with languages that express emotions of people and based on this, we've made a calculating tools on how our readers would recognize the expression languages. Samples of Japanese cartoons of which we've chosen for the purpose of drawing out the elements of expressions were limited to only published cartoons and we've made a foot steps for expression analysis of animation characters in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.196-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify Korean adolescents' sexual harassment conditions and patterns in schools as well as their psychological reactions when they are under sexual harassments or they committed sexual harassments. The subjects were 475 middle and high schoolers in Pusan and Gyeong Sang Nam-Do. The survey was executed from July 1 through Dec. 31, 2000. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS WIN 8.0 using percentage, mean. The results of this study were as follows: 1. the linguistic sexual harassment such as 'lewd jokes or dirty talks' was the major pattern(35.4%), The body touching such as 'kiss or embracing', 'internet transmission of pornography', 'sexual harassing of body characteristics', touching breast', 'grasping of hands or body touching', 'body touching in secret place', 'urging to sit in touch or on knees', 'exposing of special body areas', and 'showing pornography' followed in a row. 2. The eighteen point three percents of subjects had the experience to commit sexual harassment. The forty four point seven percent of above subjects committed it against their classmates. The first time to commit sexual harassment was their middle school period (38.4%). Their motives to commit it were as under: 'killing time'(48.8%), 'annoying', 'attracting attention from the other sex', 'expressing lovely emotions', 'urging of their friends', 'misunderstanding that the other partners felt good when they experienced sexual harassment, 'showing their strength' etc. their with committing harassments they felt as under ; 'joyful'(61.6%), 'funny,' 'desirous to try again', 'thrilling', 'breaking stress', very pleasant', 'exciting', 'regretful', 'guilty', and 'feeling fear' etc. 3. Twenty four point two percents of the population exposed to sexual harassments. The sexual harassers were almost their classmates (42.7%). And then unknown people', 'boy or girl friends and school staffs' followed in a row. The places where harassments happened were 'inside classroom'(69.8%), 'school bus and subway', 'outside school', etc. The feelings when experienced harassments were 'anger' (51.3%), 'hurting self-respect', 'embarrassing', 'rejection', 'insulting', 'shame', 'fear', 'dislike', 'anxiety', 'melancholy' etc. The reasons not to have consultations after sexual harassments were 'worrying to be well-known'(49.6%), 'believing not helpful enough', 'regarding simple mischief', 'trying to revenge directly', 'understanding their mistakes', 'worrying retaliation' etc.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.35
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• pp.75-100
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• 2009

A human being makes a constant effort to find out what he really is. We try to do a great deal in self-culture to know his own self-nature with miscellaneous ways as Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. When we are faced with a difficult problem in life, We utilize own knowledge and wisdom to solve them. Thus there are many result of answer what self-confidence is throughout the devoting oneself to the study of man's life which is expressed poetry and prose. We can see the aspect of liberty life in their poetry and prose which is escaping from their restraints as they are willing to find out their own self-nature and want to attain a state of perfect self-nature in every day life. And they are anxious to be born again in spiritual value and to be a man in liberty with removing the narrow-mindedness, the stupidity, the anger and the absolute ego in their mind. That's what we are want to achieve man's purpose understanding of the human being's life. Here, I have a good such example who is Tao yuan ming. It is not easy to give up fame and wealth for maintaining his doctrines. So We have a high regard for this wisdom between entering into politics and withdrawing from his office. It needs a self-conquest and more courage than entering into politics. Retiring from his office, he returns to the place where is native place everything lives and let live without moral pressure in daily life. Because there is real liberty life and immutable truths.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.123
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• pp.281-307
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• 2012

In the modern society, we have come to recognize human emotions such as anxiety, fear, pain, anger, sadness, longing, desire and pleasure as important topics of philosophy. How shall we study the 'problem of emotions', or in a bigger sense, the 'problem of empathy'? With this critical mind, the research into empathy can be called as a starting point for studying the deepest feelings and thoughts of human beings in connection with the feelings of other people. Most of all, in order to understand other people and to understand human being itself, the role of sympathy or empathy has been emphasized among the problems of emotions, and this trend is especially distinctive in the philosophy of psychology. I definitely acknowledge that empathy or sympathy takes loneliness and agony away from a human being and therefore it is the starting point of communication between people. However, the very fundamental question of 'what are human beings, and who are they?' is once again reminded. In other words, this thesis focuses on the fact that humans are viewed not only as the existence with a soul or heart, but also as a "unique existence" containing something "material-, life- and spiritual", and in that sense, this world is an ecological organism that contains organic connections of humans, material things, plants and animals, which should be the point of view for approach. And it is also emphasized in this study to approach the question about human beings from the religious spirituality point of view that the society with true love for neighbors could be achieved through religious practices that provide principles and value.

• Stress
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of the study was to explore whether the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule depends on the baseline heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods: We used the supplementary data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Huanglian-jie-du granule for Hwa-byung patients. Study drugs were taken orally three times per day for one week. Heart rate variability was measured three times; before the treatment, after the treatment, and month follow-up period. Spearman's rho test was done to explore the role of the baseline heart rate variability to the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule. Results: Baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability was negatively correlated with the reduction of the insomnia severity index in experimental group (r=-0.493 p=0.02). Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule significantly decreased the low frequency power of heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung compared to placebo (mean difference 266 [95% CI: 29~503], p=0.028). In Hwa-byung symptoms, stuffy, pushing up in the chest, and flush of anger were correlated with low frequency power of heart rate variability (p=0.010, p=0.000, and p=0.016, respectively). Conclusions: The effect of the Huanglian-jie-de granule for insomnia seems to be lower when the baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability is higher in Hwa-byung patients. Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule is likely to decrease the sympathetic activity in patients with Hwa-byung. Measurement of heart rate variability may be the useful to understand the state of Hwa-byung patients.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.55-66
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• 2018

This study aims to propose color affective model of indoor space by evaluating subjects' physiological responses according to the types of behavioral and affective system. 99 subjects(44 females, 55 males) in their 20s, who had no disorders in visual perception, participated in the experiment. To categorize the subjects based on behavioral and affective system, BAS/BIS scale and Affective scale were used. Color stimuli were composed of five basic colors and three tones: vivid, pale and dull tone of R, Y, G, B, P. For physiological experiment, right and left prefrontal alpha activity was measured to analyze prefrontal EEG asymmetry. Participants were exposed to fifteen color stimuli for 20 seconds each other under the positive and negative emotional condition in a research room with the natural light blocked. The results and conclusion of this study are as follows. Along with factors of behavioral and affective system, cluster analysis was carried out and four types were classified. Type A had high BAS sensitivity, especially high 'drive' trait, and showed high levels of 'anxiety' and 'anger'. Type B had low BAS sensitivity, especially low 'fun seeking' and low 'drive' trait, and showed low levels of 'anxiety' as well as low levels of 'happiness'. Type C had low BIS sensitivity and showed high levels of 'happiness' and low levels of 'sadness'. Type D had high BIS sensitivity and showed high levels of 'lethargy' and 'sadness'. As a result of EEG signal analysis of color stimuli, Type B, Type C, and Type D showed significant differences in prefrontal alpha asymmetry under the negative emotional stimuli. Type B showed more left prefrontal activation in the spaces with pale R and dull G. Type C showed more left prefrontal activation in the spaces with vivid Y and B, pale R, and dull R, G, P. Type D showed more left prefrontal activation in the spaces with vivid Y and P, pale R, Y, P, and dull R, Y, G, B, P. The group of high BAS sensitivity was not influenced by color stimuli under the emotional conditions, whereas the group of high BIS sensitivity was affected by color stimuli under the negative emotional conditions. They showed left prefrontal activation when they were exposed the spaces with vivid, pale, dull tones of Y and P wall.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.71
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• pp.155-179
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• 2022

This study aims to apply Hannah Arendt's concept of 'collective responsibility' to the Christian education on environmental issues around the world, focusing on climate change. This study prepares the concept of 'collective responsibility' and the concept of 'collective guilt' and emphasizes the fact that the current climate change problem should be seen as a political task rather than a task of personal ethics. According to Arendt's theory, Christian education activities applying 'collective responsibility' for climate change can become action. This study has four suggestions for Christian learning to understand and recognize climate change. First, presenting and justifying the anxiety and anger toward climate change in the classroom. Second, transcending self-interest (egocentrism) through "Common Sense (enlarged mentality)" in Kantian terms. Third, building education communities through 'citizen participatory education,' running communication, and conversation. Fourth, encouraging experience and practice in every education community with "faith expressing itself through love (Gal 5:6)." Then, to be sure, this refers to not only love of neighbor in Christianity but also political friendship (philia politikē). The academic significance of this study is that it is the first interdisciplinary research paper in Korea which dealt with Arendt's political theory in relation to Christian education. Although it claims to be a theoretical work that applies Arendt's political theory from a systematic theological perspective to Christian education, the author is proud that it is accompanied by practical elements that can be actualized in the education field.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.329-347
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• 2020

When a person suggests an estimate under uncertainty, (s)he tend to rely on the information and number provided in advance. As a result, their final estimate would be assimilated to the initial value. This phenomenon is called "anchoring effect". The present research examined anchoring effects observed in law courts. Sentencing decision of jurors can be influenced by the sentence demanded by the prosecutor. Specifically, this study demonstrated the condition in which anchoring effect would be stronger and practical solutions for lowering anchoring effect. Study 1 demonstrated whether gravity of criminal cases and levels of anchor influenced anchoring effects. As expected, anchoring effect was stronger in a heavier criminal case than in a lighter one. When a low anchor was provided in a lighter case, anchoring effect was stronger compared to when a high anchor was provided. Study 2 examined how emotion affects anchoring effects. The results showed that anchoring effect appeared to be significantly stronger with feelings of anger than of sadness. Study 3 examined the solution for reducing anchoring effects in a court. When activation of selective-accessibility model was prevented, anchoring effects significantly decreased. These results can help solve the problems about juror judgmental bias and contribute to the development of Korean jury trial.