• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.79-86
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• 2004

The technical expert standing system of our const겨ction industry is operated by the Ministry of Labor subjective national technical qualification law, as the professional engineer, architect and architect-engineer and so on. The construction management(CM) which is introduced on middle 1990 activates a building industry the condition of the essential indispensability for is becoming, is not officially recognized with national qualification to be, that as pending issue it is most urgent, the specialty manpower positivity which is judged as the nostril poop]e for qualification of the civil CM educational institutions has the certification which is a each educational program and a separate way and it is the actual condition which is become accomplished. The problem when as international certification the CMAA which is only it secures a reliability certification which is a CCM and SAVE seeing in the certified which is a CVS, compares in the foreign nation and the CM certification is excessive, it does not secure a reliability and an efficient characteristic to give a confusion to the capital increase lattices which in a condition are, it is mass produced it is a point. It saw from, it observes the capital increase reserve problem point which is a domestic CM and the certification integration which is a report and system anger it leads and with national certified qualification it develops to present the improvement program for, it does to sleep.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 1998

The result of studying papers about management of lower back pain published in domestic and foreign nursing and medical magazines in these 10 years is as follows ; 1. General characteristic of lower back pain ; 1) In sex distribution, there were more men than women in 5 papers and more women than men in 4 papers among 9 papers surveryed. 2) In age distribution, thirties to forties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by general hospitals and fifties to sixties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by oriental medical hospitals. 3) In cause factor, there were 50 to 65% of sprain, 32 to 44% of herniated intervertebral disc and 13 to 29% of degenerative changes. 4) In symtom distribution, there were 26 to 57% of lower back pain, 42 to 65% of lower back pain with radiating pain and 34 to 99% of paravertevral muscle spasm. 5) In period of pain management distribution, 18 to 40% of patients experienced pain for less than 6 months and 59 to 82% of them experienced pain for more than 6 months in 3 papers among 4 papers. 6) In surveying the treatment, 66 to 88% of patients had conservative treatment and there were treatments of general hospital, oriental medicine, self remedy and traditional practice in conservative treatment. 7) In job distribution, 12 to 50% of them were housekeepers, 23 to 31% office workers, 4.6 to 36% blue color workers and 11 to 15% students. 2. As psychological character lower back pain paients had anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, phobic anxiety, neurasthenia, hypochondriasis, and interpersonal sensitivity. 3. To distinguish the cause of lower back pain, plain lumbar roentgenogram, straight leg rasing test, eletromyelogic findings, somatosensory evoked potentials CT and MRI were performed. 4. To relieve lower back pain. epidural adhesiolysis, epidulal injection of local anesthetic in mixture with steroid, lumbar spinal root block, low level laser therapy, acupuncture like transcutaneous nerve stimulation(AL TENS), topical capsaicin and lumbar orthotics were used in medical field, and relaxation technique was used in nursing field. 5. Mckenzie's extension exercise and William's flexsion exercise for lower back pain were used in medical field and Yoga exercise was applied in nursing field. 6. The more school education and self efficacy were high, the better they had active coping lower back pain positively and the less self efficacy was the more they had serious pain. As a result of studying the paper there have been very little research for lower back pain in nursing fields of Korea and foreign countries. Because 60 to 80% of population expeience lower back pain at least more than once, it is necessary to develop the study and clinical practice for management of lower back pain.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2006

1. Objectives Nursing's meaning in Oriental medicine is prevention of disease more than treatment. The parts of defination are methods of non-medicine precisely, care of health and recuperation. 2. Methods This paper was written in order to understand of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$ written in 1894(Old Edition} through the study to focus on the Sasang Constitutional nursing theory. 3. Results & Conclusions (1) Dialectic of Sasang Constitutional nursing are necessary to assesment about four fundamental factors (perspira­tion, defecation, digestion, urination). (2) Medicational guidance are different from character, dosage of medication, degree of disease, a poisonous drug etc. (3) Preservation of health are medication and food regimen. If 'Inherent vitality' is in a disadvantageous position, recuperation is first more than medication. The most important is protectional management. There are necessary about mind of 'liquor-sex- property-authority' & 'joy-anger- sorrow-pleasure'. It is the same application as nursing.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.51-75
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• 2016

This study focuses on the life experience of married women in their 30s to 40s who have experienced parental divorce. For a comprehensive understanding towards the women, this study takes a life history research approach. The participants of this research are 8 women who have experienced parental divorce and are now married with children. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews and were analyzed through the spiral of analysis, following the process of Wolcott's "description, analysis, and interpretation." The results of this study are as follows. First, participants experienced emotions such as fear, anger, and lack of affection. Second, parenting attitude and parental divorce had negative effects on the participants' formation and development of self concept and in turn, participants experienced anxiety and withdrawal from interpersonal relationships. Some had difficulties in concentrating on their schoolwork, which was caused by psychological effects from their instable home environments and some were negligent at school due to their parents' indifference or as an act of rebellion towards them. Third, although participants displayed interest towards the opposite sex, fear towards the opposite sex or unrealistic expectations led to difficulties in forming relationships. Participants also confessed that although they married so that they could escape their original family and form a new happy one, they experienced a rocky start at the beginning of their marriage. Fourth, parental divorce had a lifelong impact on children. Even after the children became adults, parental divorce affected each key stage of transition in life such as dating, choosing one's spouse, marriage, and child rearing. Fifth, participants displayed a strong attachment to life under the assumption that only they themselves can be depended on. This led to their strong commitments to a successful marriage without the possibility of divorce. In conclusion, parental divorce is not a transitory or incidental event. Rather, it becomes a part of the children's lives with lifelong implications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.199-210
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop a tea culture therapy program development for the improvement of interpersonal relationship of juvenile probationers, which is a key factor of social adaptability of juvenile probationers. After developing a tea culture therapy program, this study examines the effect of the program empirically, by applying to juvenile probationers. For this purpose, this study employs an integrative approach of qualitative and quantitative methods. It is shown from the qualitative analysis that juvenile probationers' positive attitude, active participation, seriousness in interpersonal relationship, anger management, and sympathy are considerably progressed. The results from qualitative analysis indicate that the sub-dimensions of interpersonal relationship such as satisfaction, communications, trust for others, affinity, sensitivity, openness, and understandability are significantly improved.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.38
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• pp.266-273
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• 2003

The culture is a product of the century, and so a worldwide-recognized cultural legacy is like an incorporeal property owned by a country. It is a new legacy created In new environment conditions among countries. The meaning of this study is to give wider publicity to our intangible cultural properties through active database research. There are a significant number of museums that manage tangible cultural properties at a national level, but we can find that most stay very superficial in the aspects of database protection, classification system, and demonstration method. This is a critical physical factor that makes it difficult to create an information-oriented management system, or to manage intangible cultural properties as incorporeal entities. The preservation of tangible cultural properties may be a more proper approach of handing down valuable national characteristics to posterity In that they can show those characteristics more readily. Unlike tangible cultural properties, the preservation of intangible cultural properties requires a different approach and process. They are treated as a category of human cultural assets because of their incorporeity and formlessness. Since those intangible cultural properties to be preserved and quantified at a national level, it is an important consideration in the study on cultural properties. The objectives of this study are to present the intangible products by making the best use of the information society's merits; rediscover human elements constituting those products; ultimately help promote our cultural succession and development by databasing such human elements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.200-210
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• 2016

This study was performed to reveal the factors determine self-rated health status between middle aged and elderly living in community. The subjects for this study consisted of 142 middle aged and 201 elders who lived in 3 cities of convenience sampling method. The Data was collected through personal interviews with questionnaires from March to July, 2014. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used with SPSS Statistics program. The determinants on self-rated health status were present illness, stress management, health responsibility, fatigue, anger, tension, and social support among the middle-aged persons and physical activity, present illness, confusion, and exercise among elderly persons. On the basis of the results in this study, we should develop differentiated health promotion programs through education, counselling and health examination for the middle-aged adults and elderly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.76-85
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between psychosocial factors and symptom experience of patients with cardiovascular disease over a 6-month follow-up period. Method: Baseline data for each of the 138 patients were collected. Eighteen patients were dropped for a final total of 120 patients in the present study. To monitor patients' symptom experience after discharge, each patient was interviewed by telephone, and interviewed directly with a questionnaire at each clinic visit. Results: Mean scores for hostility, anger, anxiety, and depression were 51.63, 22.87, 48.95, and 41.21, respectively. Mean scores for the level of symptom experience at discharge, 3 months and 6 months after discharge were 32.83, 24.79, and 26.70, respectively. There were significant differences in the level of hostility by gender, BMI, job, and monthly income. Also the differences in the level of anxiety and depression were statistically significant according to gender and existence of spouse. In the regression analysis, depression was identified as the significant factor associated with symptom experience at discharge, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge. Conclusion: This study presented baseline data to elucidate whether psychosocial factors were associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, it suggests that nurses need to take into consideration psychosocial factor as well as physiological factor in symptom management for patients with cardiovascular disease.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived stressor, the characteristics of personality and stress responses of college students and to compare their gender differences. Method: This study was cross-sectional survey and participants were 146 college students. Data was collected by Perceived Daily Life Stressor Scale of college students, Lim's Character Style Inventory, Vulnerability of Personality, and Stress Response Index, demographic questionnaire from May to September, 2012 in two cities. Results: Friend relationship stressor(p=.024) and professor relationship stressor(p=.032) among daily life stressors of female students were significantly higher than male students. Fatigue(p=.009), anger(p=.046), somatization(p<.001) and total stress response(p=.049) of female students were significantly higher than male student. Challenge(p=.034) of LCSI of female students was significantly higher than male student and stability(p=.018) of male students was significantly higher than female students. Regression model of stress response in male college students was significant(F=35.18, p<.001) and influencing factors were vulnerability of personality and challenge($R^2$=.544). Regression model of stress response in female college students was significant(F=39.38, p<.001) and influencing factors were vulnerability of personality, perceived stress type, and sociability($R^2$=.612). Conclusion: These findings need to be reflected to develop stress management programs and mental health promotion programs for college students.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2005

POS system that become that is supply net administration and computerization fetters of customer management that become point in istribution network constructed database and use XML-Encryption that is certificate techniques of PKI and standard of security for security that is XML's shortcoming and design distributed processing POS system using XML for data integration by introduction of Ubiquitous concept. This POS system has four advantages. First, Because there is no server, need not to attempt authentication and data transmission every time. Second, can integrate data base by XML and improve portability of program itself. Third, XML data in data transmission because transmit data after encryption data safe .Fourth, After encode whenever process data for data breakup anger of POS system client program and elevation of the processing speed, transmit at because gathering data at data transmission.