• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effects of Angelicae sinensis Radix on longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. We have screened traditional medicinal herbs to develop the longitudinal bone growth stimulator by well-established rat model. A. sinensis was identified as one of the effective herbs in the screening process. Methods : Adolescent female rats were administered A. sinensis at doses of 30 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. To observe the rate of longitudinal bone growth, tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally on day 8 to stain a fluorescent band on the anew formed bone. To elucidate the mode of action, we observed insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression after A. sinensis administration in growth plate. Results : In the 300 mg/kg A. sinensis group, the length between the proximal endpoint of the tetracycline label and the division line between growth plate and bone was significantly increased compared with vehicle-treated control group. Height of the proximal tibial growth plate was higher in the A. sinensis group compared with control group. A. sinensis also upregulated the expressions of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in the proliferative zone and hypertrophic zone of the proximal tibial growth plate. Conclusions : A. sinensis increases longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. According to immunohistochemistry, A. sinensis increases local IGF-1 and BMP-2 expressions in the growth plate which can be considered as direct stimulation of GH on the local growth plate.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.65-81
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• 2016

Objectives : Haedoksamul-tang (HSTE), a water extract from a mixture of Phellodendri Cortex, Coptidis, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, Angelica acutiloba Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, has been traditionally used for allergic skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis in oriental countries. However, little is known about the effects of aqueous extract of HSTE on trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in a mouse model. Methods : In this study, we investigate the pharmacological effects of HSTE on TMA-induced CHS in Balb/c mice. Contact hypersensitivity was induced in mice by topically sensitizing and challenging with TMA in flank skin and ears during oral administration (for 17 days) and topical treatment (30 min before challenge) with HSTE. We examined the effects of HSTE on IgE and IgG1 levels, inflammatory parameters in ear tissues, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio, cytokine and chemokine production in sera, tissues, and immune cells from TMA-sensitized mice.Results : Oral and topical administration with HSTE reduced, in a dose dependent manner, thickness and leukocyte infiltration of ear tissues and IgE levels in serum from mice sensitized with TMA. In addition, auricula lymph node cells isolated from TMA-sensitized mice significantly elevated the expression ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ as well as increased the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-γ by ex vivo stimulation with antibodies against CD3 and CD28, and these inflammatory indexes, except for IFN-γ, were significantly suppressed by orally and topically administration of HSTE. Furthermore, stimulation of auricula lymph node cells from TMA-sensitized mice with antibodies against CD3 and CD28 increased the production of MCP-1/CCL2 and MIP-1α/CCL3, and these effects were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in cells from mice treated with HSTE. Conclusions : These results suggest that HSTE can be used for treating contact hypersensitivity by inhibiting leukocyte infiltration as well as production of serum IgE and chemokine/Th2 cytokine in an animal model.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.223-243
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• 2014

Objectives: To provide information on the safety of GST (GamiSasangja-tang; CnidiiFructus, Sophora Root, Angelica Gigas Root, Clematidis Radix, Stemonae Radix, Spirodelae Herba), we carried out a 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity and a 4-week recovery test of GST in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Female and male rats were treated with GST at oral doses of 1,250, 2,500, and 5000 mg/kg. The GST was administered for 13 weeks. Mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, food consumption, ophthalmologic findings, urinalysis, hematological and biochemical parameters, gross findings, organ weights and histological markers were monitored during the study period. The rats were then monitored for 4 extra weeks to determine recovery time after the study period. Results: We found no mortality or abnormalities among clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmologic findings, urinalysis, hematological and biochemical parameters, gross findings, organ weights or histological markers in any of the rats tested. Conclusions: The no-observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) is considered as over 5000 mg/kg for male and female rats.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2006

The immunomodulatory effect of a new herbal preparation, HemoHIM, on the recovery from leukopenia induced by cyclophosphamide treatment was investigated. The HemoHIM was made up with an addition of the ethanol-insoluble fraction to the total water extract of Angelica Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma and Paeonia Radix. Daily oral administration of 100 mg/kg BW or 500 mg/kg BW HemoHIM accelerated the recovery from cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia. HemoHIM increased the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood when compared with the cyclophosphamide-treated control. Moreover, the suppressed natural killer (NK) cell activity and interferon $(IFN)-{\gamma}$ secretion in the cyclophosphamide-treated mice were restored by the administration of HemoHIM. HemoHIM significantly reduced the abnormally heightened ratio of interleukin $(IL)-4/IFN-{\gamma}$ and immunoglobulin (Ig)E/IgG2a in the cyclophosphamide-treated mice. These results suggest that HemoHIM accelerates the recovery from leukopenia and alleviates the imbalanced T helper (Th)l/Th2 responses in the cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Additionally, HemoHIM was found to stimulate normal splenocytes to secrete not only Thl type cytokines such as $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-2, but also Th2 type cytokine IL-4. In conclusion, our results show that HemoHIM certainly has an influence on the balanced recovery of immune cells and the activation of their activities in the cyclophosphamide-treated mice.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to assess the ameliorative effects of Gagam-GongJin-dan (WSY-1075) composited with Corni Fructus, Angelica gigantis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Ginseng Radix, Cervi parvum Cornu and Cinnamomi Cortex in contact dermatitis animal model. Methods : WSY-1075 was orally administrated the various concentrations (50-400 mg/kg, body weight/day) with one time per day for 10 days from 4 days after DNFB sensitization. We investigated ameliorative effects of WST-1075 on the scratching behavior, skin clinical serverity and inflammatory mediators in 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis mice. Results : The orally administration of WSY-1075 (400 mg/kg) inhibited the scratching behavior induced by sensitization and challenge with DNFB. WSY-1075 (200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) administration also reduced the skin damage, inflammatory mediators, mast cell infiltration induced by DNFB. Moreover, WSY-1075 (above 200 mg/kg) administration inhibited the serum levels of IgE and IL-4 in DNFB-induced contact dermatitis mice. Conclusions : These results suggest that WSY-1075 administration (200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) has the ameliorative effects on the scratching behavior, the clinical signs, mast cell infiltration and inflammatory mediators in DNFB-induced contact dermatitis animal model mice.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to determine the neuroprotective effects of the water extract of Angelicae Acutilobae Radix(AA) on ischemia reperfusion-induced apoptosis in SK-N-SH human brain neuronal cells. Methods: SK-N-SH cells were treated with different concentrations of AA water extract (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml) for 2 hr and then stimulated with Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline containing CI-DPBS: 3mM sodium azide and 10 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose for 45 min, reperfused with growth medium, and incubated for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by WST-1 assay, and ATP/ADP levels were measured by ADP/ATP ratio assay kit. The levels of caspase-3 protein were determined by Western blot and apoptotic body was observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Results : AA extract significantly inhibited decreasing the cell viability in ischemia-induced SK-N-SH cells. AA also increased the ratio of ADP/ATP in ischemia-induced neuronal cells and decreased the expression levels of apoptotic protein, caspase-3 and apoptotic DNA damage. Conclusions : Our results suggest that AA extract has a neuroprotective property via suppressing the apoptosis and increasing the energy levels in neuronal cells, suggesting that AA extract may has a therapeutic potential in the treatment of ischemic brain injury.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-103
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• 2002

To screen the effective materials for hair loss treatment, several natural extracts were tested using in vivo and in vitro test models. Firstly, all test materials were applicated onto the back skin of C57BL／6 mouse and then hair growth pormoting effect were measured using hair growth index As a result, Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb and Terrninalia chebula Retz. showed potent hair growth promoting effect, ranking as 1.5-2.0 of hair growth index. However, there were no plant extracts, which have remarkable potential of growth promotion of human hair dermal papilla cells cultured in vitro. In the experiments of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ inhibition assay, Morus alba L., Chaenomelis Fructus, Saussureae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Polygonum multifiorum Thunb, and Angelica dahurica (Fischer) Bentham et Hooker f. showed effective potential to inhibit the activity of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ. To investigate the possible involvement of effects of several plant extracts on the gene expression of growth factors in human hair dermal papilla cells, RT-PCR analyses were performed. As a consequences, Mentha haplocalyx Briq., Cimicifuga foetida L., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Pinus densiflora S. et. Z, and Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb revealed the regulatory roles on the expression of growth factors such as IGF-I, KGF, HGF and VEGF in the dermal papilla cells. Another test for inhibition of microbial such as P. acne and P. ovale were also carried out to find whether these plant extracts have anti-microbial activities. Morus alba L. and Chaenomelis Fructus showed anti-microbial effects on Propionibacterium acnes, which is believed as a pathogen of acne. Together, these results showed several plant extracts can be used for hair growth promotion.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.513-522
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• 2017

We tried to analyze the inflammation reactions by treatment of AG, AS and AA in murine RAW 264.7 cells. To investigate the effect of AG, AS and AA on cell viability of RAW 264.7 cells, AG, AS and AA were treated for 24 h and MTS assay was performed. Cell viabilities were increased in $1,600{\mu}g/ml$ concentration by AS, AA and AG treatments, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and iNOS were increased by AG and AA treatment at a concentration of $200{\mu}g/ml$ in RAW 264.7 cells without Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The mRNA expression levels of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and iNOS were increased by AG and AA 6 h treatment at a concentration of $200{\mu}g/ml$ with LPS treatment. In this study, we observed that AG, AS and AA show various activities on inflammation reaction depend on their treatment time. In the future, studies should be conducted to investigate the effects of AG, AS and AA on the various inflammatory responses of macrophages.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.465-469
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• 2015

An analysis of changes in herbal tea composition according to the difference in processing conditions showed slightly reduced crude protein content and increased, moisture, crude fat and solid elution rate after treatment using the ash puffing process compared to roasting. Benzopyrene content was significantly reduced to 0.18 ppb from 0.51 ppb. This result indicated that, the $B({\alpha})P$ content differed depending on the processing condition and raw materials. Generation of food $B({\alpha})P$ is mainly include the thermal decomposition of food cooking, when the processing which is a main component of food carbohydrate, protein, fat reason despite severe heat treatment as a whole is to be detected even though the $B({\alpha})P$ in this way is considered to be. The taste, aroma and color did not show a large difference, but the strong bitters taste decreased.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.130-135
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• 2014

This study determined the effects of addition of medicinal herb extracts (Zanthoxylum piperitum extract(TZ), Acanthopanax sessiliflorus(TA), Panax ginseng(TP), Cinnamomum lureitri Nees(TC), Angelica gigantis radix(TAG) and Crataegii fructus extract (TCF) to teriyaki sauce with regard to taste and health benefit. After adding the medicinal herb extracts to teriyaki sauce, moisture content was found to be inversely proportional to the viscosity. The sauce with Panax ginseng extract(TP) had lowest sweetness, but highest salinity. The results showed that the sauce with Korean herb extracts had lower salinity content. In terms of colour value, the sauce with Crataegii fructus extract(TCF) had much higher lightness, redness, and yellowness than sauce prepared with other herb extracts. It had the strongest acidic taste and lowest pH. Sensory evaluation test revealed that the sauce with Anthoxylum piperitum extract(TZ) was the most preferred sauce among all the sauces tested. The degree of brown color of teriyaki sauces was correlated positively with taste preference(r=.570, p<0.01) and overall preference(r=.505, p<0.01).