• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.95-100
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the delayed luminescence-biophoton emission from roots of Angelica gigas N., Angelica sinensis D., and Angelica acutiloba K These three species of Genus Angelica are now used as 'Danggui' in Traditional Korean Medicine. Methods : Randomly selected samples from roots of Angelica gigas N., Angelica sinensis D., and Angelica acutiloba K were radiated with 150 W metal halide lamp for 1 minute. After radiation, biophoton emissions of each sample were detected by electron multiplication-charge coupled device camera. The detected biophoton image was calculated with unit of counts per pixel. Results : The average and maximum biophoton emissions of delayed luminescence with electron multiplication ratio of ${\times}150$ and ${\times}250$were distinguished significantly between Angelica gigas N. and the other two species. Conclusions : These results suggest that biophoton imaging of roots of Angelica gigas N., Angelica sinensis D., and Angelica acutiloba K. could become the meaningful method for the study of differentiation between root of Angelica gigas N. and the other two species, Angelica sinensis D. and Angelica acutiloba K.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.624-629
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• 1996

The ethanol extracts from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were fractionated to diethyl ether and aqueous partitions. Both partitions had strong antimutagenic effect on the MNNG (N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) by Ames mutagenicity test. Diethyl ether fractions exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect suppressing the mutagenicity of MNNG with inhibition of 78-80%. The ethanol extracts from both species showed the inhibitory effect on the growth of several human cancer cell lines. Especially, the diethyl ether fraction from ethanol extracts was most effective on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, inhibiting 90-95% of cell growth. However, the aqueous fractions had least inhibition activity on many cancer cells. There was little cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell by ethanol extracts. Diethyl ether fraction from Angelica gigas Nakai ethanol extract had cytotoxicity less than 20% on human normal liver cells, compared with that from Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa ethanol exract. The adding of 0.5 (g/l) of diethyl ether fractions of Angelica gigas Nakai or Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa increased immune activity by enhacing human B and T cells up to three to four times. It was proven that diethyl ether fraction (0.7 g/1) from Angelica gigas Nakai could control blood pressure by suppressing angiotensin converting enzyme activity up to 98%. From TLC, it was appeared that both of diethyl ether partitions had umbelliferon, known to one of active substances from Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.94-95
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• 1964

Ether extract of the fruits of Angelica gigas NAKAI(Umbelliferae) growing wild and cultivating in Korea, afforded frocoumarin derivative, imperatorin which was identified through physical constants-I.R.spectrum, paper partition chromatography, and preparation of derivatives.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1-24
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• 2011

Backgrounds: Danggui, one of the major herbs in Korean traditional medicine consists of three species: Angelica gigas of Korea, Angelica sinensis of China, and Angelica acutiloba of Japan. Despite its importance in Korean traditional medicine, recognition of the clinical differences between its three species is insufficient. Objectives: The purpose of the present review is to suggest evidence in using Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis, and Angelica acutiloba distinctively in clinic, by comparing their pharmacological effects and bioactive compounds. Methods: We searched articles published from 2000 to 2009 in Pubmed, EMbase, and RISS. The search keywords were "Angelica gigas", "Angelica sinensis", "Angelica acutiloba", "dongquei", "toki", "Angelicae Radix", "Archangelica officinalis Hoffm.", "Garden Angelica", "Chinese angelica root", "tangkuei", and "danggui". 861 articles were searched. Among them, we selected 143 articles which met our inclusion criteria. Results: This review summarizes active constituents, experimental studies, clinical studies, pharmacokinetics, side effects and toxicity, drug interaction, and industrial use of Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis, and Angelica acutiloba. Conclusions: While Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba are relatively similar, Angelica gigas is quite different from the others in main active constituents and genetic form. The main experimental studies of Danggui are cardiovascular studies, central nervous system studies and anti-cancer activity. Even though there were cases in which the three species show similar pharmacological effects, the mechanism was not always shared. Therefore, distinguished use of Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba is needed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.11 no.3_4
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• pp.39-40
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• 1967

The saponificated part of the ethereal extract of the fruits of Angelica gigas N$_{AKAI}$ (Umbelliferae) afforded decursinol of pyranocoumarin derivative, which was already known in the same roots.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.42-45
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• 2000

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.278-282
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• 2004

We investigated antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from Angelica gigas and A. acutiloba against three gram-positive bacteria(Bacilius cereus, B. subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens), and one yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The antimicrobial activity was shown in only ethyl acetate fraction of shoot and root extracts from A. gigas. The activity of the fraction of shoot extract was remarkably potent against S. aureus. The ethyl acetate fraction of root extract showed great antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli. The n-hexane fraction of shoot extract and the water fraction of root extract from A. acutiloba were not showed antimicrobial activity, in contrast, the ether fraction of shoot and root extracts showed great antimicrobial activity. S. cerevisiae was not inhibited by any fractions and species.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2018

Background: Angelica gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba are commercially important in the herbal medicine market, and among them, A. gigas has the highest economic value and price. However, their similar morphological traits are often used for fraud. Despite their importance in herbal medicine, recognition of the differences between Angelica species is currently inadequate. Methods and Results: A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed for direct detection and identification of A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba. The gene for the distinction of species was targeted at ITS in the nucleus and trnC-petN gene in chloroplasts. The optimized multiplex PCR in the present study utilized each Angelica species-specific primer pairs. Each primer pair yielded products of 229 base pairs (bp) for A. gigas, 53 bp for A. sinensis, 170 bp for A. acutiloba. Additionally non-specific PCR products were not detected in similar species by species-specific primers. Conclusions: In the present study, a multiplex-PCR assay, successfully assessed the authenticity of Angelica species (A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba). and whole genome amplification (WGA) was performed after DNA extraction to identify, the species in the product. The detection method of raw materials developed in the present study could be applied to herbal medicine and health functional food management.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-50
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• 1969

The ether extract of Dang-Gui, the dried root of Angelica gigas N$_{AKAI}$, was placed into a column with aluminium oxide gel. The elution of it with a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate afforded Nodakenetin (I) and the elution with a mixture of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methyl alcohol yielded Umbelliferon (II) and Nodakenin (III). Three coumarin derivatives were identified by comparing with authentic samples. The existence of sucrose and glucose was also proved.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2014

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of several organic compost on the growth and root yield of Angelica gigas Nakai with organic cultivation. After fertilizing the soil with organic fertilizer, the dry weight of liming fertilizer showed a slow change, while microorganism fertilizer decreased about 29% until 20 day after fertilizing. At 110 days after fertilizing, microorganism fertilizer decreased more than liming fertilizer. Liming fertilizer decomposed slowly, while microorganism fertilizer decomposed early on rapidly but gently after 20 days in decomposed rate of organic fertilizer. Dried root yields per 10a of A. gigas were not significance between 277.6kg in conventional fertilizer and 277.7kg, 280.5kg in N 1.5, N 2.0 times of microorganism fertilizer. Decursin and decursinol angelate contents in A. gigas were 9.08 ~ 9.07% from N 1.0 and N 1.5 times in liming fertilizer, and 7.94 ~ 8.12% from N 1.5 times and N 2.0 times in microorganism fertilizer, compared to 7.31% of conventional treatment.