• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2006

Lots of cases relating Helicobacter pylori infection to iron-deficiency anemia have been described in the literature and H. pylori infection has emerged as a cause of refractory iron-deficiency anemia which is unresponsive to oral iron therapy. H. pylori-associated iron-deficiency anemia can be treated by H. pylori eradication. It is not thought to be attributable to gastrointestinal blood loss, such as duodenal ulcer. The mechanism by which H. pylori infection contributes to iron-deficiency anemia remains unclear. However, four possible explanations can be posited for this relationship; occult blood loss secondary to chronic gastritis, reduced iron absorption due to hypo- or achlorhydria, increased iron consumption by H. pylori, and iron sequestration in gastric mucosa. H. pylori-associated iron-deficiency anemia seems to develop in populations at increased risk for iron depletion. When pubescent girls, including athletes, are found to have iron-deficiency anemia refractory to iron administration, they should be evaluated for H. pylori infection.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2009

Objective : To expend the oriental medicine-based strategies or therapeutics for anemia, including iron deficiency anemia. Methods : A 23 year-old man suffering from severe and chronic iron deficiency anemia was believed to have disorder of iron absorption. He had neither specific medical cause nor positive response to western treatments. Blood and biochemical parameters such as levels of hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin and serum iron were serially chased during treatments. Result : Bojungicki-tang was given to the patient based on diagnosis as a deficiency of spleen qi. The hemoglobin level was normalized along with administration of Bojungicki-tang. Also, the distortions of biochemical indicators (ferritin, transferrin and serum iron) reached a normal range within three months. Conclusion : Bojungicki-tang could be a curing remedy for iron deficiency anemia caused by problems in iron absorption if symptom-differentiation has deficiency of spleen qi.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2003

Simultaneous deficiency of Vitamin $B_{12}$ and iron induces that the bone marrow erythroid megaloblastosis and peripheral blood macroovalocytosis are masked because of countervailing the tendency of iron deficiency to produce hypochromic microcytic erythrocytes. We report two cases of Vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency anemia with low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) due to combined iron deficiency anemia with review of literature.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2002

목 적: 철분 결핍에 노출되기 쉬운 사춘기 소아에서 H. pylori 감염과 철 결핍성 빈혈의 상관 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 혈색소, 혈청 철, 총 철 결합능, 혈청 페리틴, H. pylori에 대한 변역글로붙린 G 항체를 937명(남자 475명, 여자 462명)을 대상으로 측정하였다. 이들의 연령은 10세에서 18세였다. H. pylori 감염의 유병률은 빈혈, 저 페리틴혈증, 철 결핍, 철 결핍성빈혈 유무에 따라 두 군으로 비교하였다. 또한 H. pylori 감염 유무에 따라 혈색소, 혈청 철, 총 철 결합능, 트랜스페린 포화도, 혈청 페리틴의 농도를 비교하였다. 결 과: 빈혈, 철 결핍, 철 결핍성 빈혈, H. pylori 감염에 대한 각각의 유병률은 8.1%, 9.1%, 3.1%, 20.8%였다. 빈혈, 저 페리틴혈증, 철 결핍 각각의 군에서 H. pylori 감염율은 34.2%, 29.5%, 35.3% 이었고, 빈혈이 없는 군에서는 H. pylori 감염률이 19.6%, 저 페리틴혈증이 없는 군은 19.2%, 철 결핍성 빈혈이 없는 군은 19.4%이었다. H. pylori 감염율은 철 결핍성 빈혈군에서 44.8%, 정상군에서 20.0%이었다. 혈색소와 철분 농도는 유의한 차이가 없었지만 혈철 페리틴 농도는 H. pylori 감염군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 결 론: H. pylori 감염은 사춘기 청소년에서 철결핍과 관련있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.74-86
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• 2020

Purpose: This study identified the factors that influenced the food-intake practices affecting iron deficiency anemia among Senegal mothers. Methods: The subjects were 155 mothers in Dakar, Senegal. We surveyed 21 questions concerning their knowledge of iron deficiency anemia, the perceived severity and perceived benefits, self-confidence, food preferences and food-intake practices during the period from December 4, 2017 to December 29, 2017. Results: The factors significantly related to food-intake practices affecting iron deficiency anemia included having a female head of household with male support (β=0.249, p=.003) and being in the 5th quintile of income level (β=0.386, p=.003). Conclusion: The results of regression analysis showed that the head of household and income level are factors that influenced the food-intake practices affecting iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, economic factors and the structure of the household must be considered to achieve success for Senegalese iron deficiency anemia projects.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2004

Iron Deficiency Anemia is defined as deficiency Fe in blood. The causal relationships between this and gastrointestinal bleeding, impaired absorption, excessive menstrual flow and other maladies are not well understood. In oriental medicine Iron Deficiency Anemia is generally characterized as deficiency of ki(氣)and blood(血) defined in terms of hypofunction of the spleen and stomach, and insufficiency of the spleen and kindneys. Two Iron Deficiency Anemia patients were treated with Ickibohyoul-tang, Samchulgunbi-tang, Ickibohyoul-tang ga antler, and Sachulgunbi-tang ga antler. Symptoms improved and Blood exams (RBC, Hb, Hct) yielded higher counts. Further research concerning this is necessary.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report a case of iron deficiency anemia in a child with repetitive bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, and summarize review of a western literature. Methods A 13-year-old patient, who were suffering from iron deficiency anemia from repetitive bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, was administered by Ikwiseungyang-tang gamibang (益胃升陽湯加味方) and Samchulgeonbitang (蔘出健脾湯). After several tests, we realized that an iron deficiency anemia was related to Helicobacter pylori. Results By herb medication, the patient's symptoms were alleviated. Conclusions Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the reasons of refractory iron-deficiency anemia which is unresponsiveness to oral iron therapy. We report the findings of herb medication along with summarization of a western literature.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.734-743
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• 2001

Iron deficiency anemia is a worldwide public health problem relevant to unsound nutritional practice. While the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is very common among pregnant women, appropriate nutritional service programs to improve the iron status are lacking in Korea. In an attempt to develop a nutritional screening tool to separate the high-risk subjects of iron deficiency, we carried out a nutritional survey for 115 Korean pregnant women whose gestational age ranged from 13 to 24 weeks. Each subject was interviewed with questionnaires for general characteristics and dietary habits. Food intake was measured by 24-hour recap method and 2 day record. Fasting blood was drawn for measuring hemoglobin and serum ferritin. It appeared that half of the pregnant women belonged to the anemia group and had insufficient dietary habits to provide adequate amounts of dietary iron. The first gravida and the working women had better hematological iron indicators than the second or more gravida and the housewives. It also appeared that women who had bigger family size and lower BMI in pre-pregnancy had poorer iron status. Among the food consumption habits, fruit dependent dietary habit was related to poor iron status. Sufficiently consumed green leafy vegetable and appropriate amount of food before morning sickness were positive factors of iron stares. Our results indicated that parity, BMI, current job, family size, food habits including consumption of fruits, green & yellow vegetables, and food habits before the onset of morning sickness are significant factors to contribute the Fe deficiency anemia during pregnancy.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 1976

The diagnosis of iron deficiency rests upon the correct evaluation of body iron stores. Morphological interpretation of blood film and the red cell indices are not reliable and often absent in mild iron deficiency. Serum iron levels and iron-binding capacity are more sensitive indices of iron deficiency, but they are often normal in iron depletion and mild iron deficiency anemia. They are also subject to many variables which may introduce substantial errors and influenced by many pathologic and physiologic states. Examination of the bone marrow aspirate for stainable iron has been regarded as one of the most sensitive and reliable diagnostic method for detecting iron deficiency, but this also has limitations. Thus, there is still need for a more practical, but sensitive and reliable substitute as a screening test of iron deficiency. Pollack et al. (1965) observed that the intestinal absorption of cobalt was raised in iron-deficient rats and Valberg et al. (1969) found that cobalt absorption was elevated in patients with iron deficiency. A direct correlation was demonstrated between the amounts of radioiron and radiocobalt absorbed. Unlike iron, excess cobalt was excreted by the kidney, the percentage of radioactivity in the urine being directly related to the percentage absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Recently a test based on the urinary excretion of an oral dose of $^{57}Co$ has been proposed as a method for detecting iron deficiency. To assess the diagnostic value of urinary cobalt excretion test cobaltous chloride labelled with $1{\mu}Ci\;of\;^{58}Co$ was given by mouth and the percentage of the test dose excreted in the urine was measured by a gamma counter. The mean 24 hour urinary cobalt excretion in control subjects with normal iron stores was 6.1% ($1.9{\sim}15.2%$). Cobalt excretion was markedly increased in patients with iron deficiency and excreted more than 29% of the dose. In contrast, patients with anemia due to causes other than iron deficiency excreted less than 27%. Hence, 24 hour urinary cobalt excretion of 27% or less in a patient with anemia suggets that the primary cause of the anemia is not iron deficiency. A value greater than 27% in an anemic subject suggests that the anemia is caused by iron deficiency. The cobalt excretion test is a simple, sensitive and accurate method for the assessment of body iron stores. It may be particularly valuable in the epidemiological studies of iron deficiency and repeated evaluations of the body iron stores.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to assess th iron nutritional status of pregnant women and to evaluate the appropriateness of the present cut off levels of hemoglobin(Hgb), hematocrit(Hct) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) for assessing iron deficiency status. Pregnant women who were visiting public helath centers in Ulsan were interviewed and agreed to attend the study. Blood sample was taken and biochemical analysis of blood was performed. The collected data were classified into 3 trimesters by gestational age and then statistical analysis was performed. The prevalence of anemia in all subjects was 32.3% by WHO criteria(Hgb < 11.0g/dl) and 17.8% of all subjects was iron deficient anemia by CDC criteria(Hgb < 11.0/dl and serum ferritin < 12.0ug/l). Since the iron deficient anemia generally occures at the last stage of iron deficiency, it is not efficient to diagnose and prevent the iron deficient anemia in pregnant women by using the present cut off level of Hgb. Therefore, the new cut off level of iron status indices is necessary for assessing iron deficiency in early pregnancy before manifestation of anemia and for reducing the prevalence of anemia in later pregnancy. For this reason, the present cut off levels of iron status indices were estimated and compared by assessing the iron deficiency judged by serum ferritin level (<12.0ug/l)as true iron deficiency. It follows from the results of this research that present cut off levels of Hgb, Hct and TIBC were very insensitive in identifying the subjection with iron deficiency. The appropriate cut off levels of Hgb were 11.5g/dl for total period of pregnancy, 12.0g/dl for 1st and 3rd trimester, and 11.5g/dl for 2nd trimester. The cut off level of Hct was 34.0% for total period for pregnancy, 35.0% for 1st trimester, and 34.0% for 2nd and 3rd trimester. The cut off level of TIBC was 400ug/dl for total period, 360ug/dl for 1st 2nd trimester, and 450ug/dl for 3rd trimester.