• 제목/요약/키워드: Andropogoneae

검색결과 6건 처리시간 0.019초

Perspectives on the genomics research of important crops in the tribe Andropogoneae: Focusing on the Saccharum complex

  • Choi, Sang Chul;Chung, Yong Suk;Kim, Changsoo
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2016
  • Climate changes are shifting the perception of C4 photosynthetic crops due to their superior adaptability to harsh conditions. The tribe Andropogoneae includes some economically important grasses, such as Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Miscanthus spp., and Saccharum spp., representing C4 photosynthetic grasses. Although the Andropogoneae grasses diverged fairly recently, their genomic structures are remarkably different from each other. As previously reported, the family Poaceae shares the pan-cereal duplication event occurring ca. 65 MYA. Since this event, Sorghum bicolor has never experienced any additional duplication event. However, some lineage-specific duplication events were reported in Z. mays and Saccharum spp., and, more recently, it was revealed that a shared allotetraploidization event occurred before the divergence between Miscanthus and Saccharum (but after the divergence from S. bicolor), which provided important clues to those two species having large genome sizes with complicated ploidy numbers. The complex genomic structures of sugarcane and Miscanthus (defined as the Saccharum complex along with some other taxa) have had a limiting effect on the use of their molecular information in breeding programs. For the last decade, genomics-associated technologies have become an important tool for molecular crop breeding (genomics-assisted breeding, GAB), but it has not been directly applied to sugarcane and Miscanthus due to their complicated genome structures. As genomics research advances, molecular breeding of those crops can take advantage of technical improvements at a reasonable cost through comparative genomic approaches. Active genomic research of non-model species using closely related model species will facilitate the improvement of those crops in the future.

Subcloning and Sequencing of Maize rbcL Promoter Region

  • Woong-Seop Sim
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.107-113
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    • 1995
  • pRLYS1 containing intact rbcL gene of maize (Zea mays L. cv Golden X Bantam T-51; Zm-A) was digested with several restriction enzymes to construct subcones carrying promoter region of rbcL. The DNA fragments of 0.20, 0.19, 0.92 and 1.55 kb among the EcoRI digests, the EcoRI-DdeI digests, the AvaI digests and the EcoRI-BamHI digests of pRLYS1 were subcloned into pBluscriptSK+and named pRLPS2, pRLPS3, pRLPS14 and pRLPS35, respectively. Four subclones contain the 1.92 kb portion from 136 nucleotide downstream to 1780 nucleotide upstream from the ATG initiation codon of rbcL gene. pRLPS2 (-29 to -229) and pRLPS3 (-239 to -420 from the ATG) were sequenced. When nucleotide sequence of Zm-A was compared with sequence of rbcL promoter region of a different cultivar of maize (Zea mays L. cv WFG TMS X BS7; Zm-B), the difference rate between two cultivars was 4.3%. The mean of sequence divergence between Zm-A and three grass species in the same tribe, Andropogoneae, in the upstream region from 29 to 420 of ATG was 1.8%, whereas between Zm-B and above-mentioned three species was 5.4%. Therefore, Zm-A seems to evolutionarily closer to three other species in Andropogoneae tribe than Zm-B is.

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Molecular systematics of Poaceae based on eight chloroplast markers, emphasizing the phylogenetic positions of Korean taxa

  • LEE, Jung-Hoon;KIM, Ki-Joong;KIM, Bo-Yun;KIM, Young-Dong
    • 식물분류학회지
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    • 제52권3호
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    • pp.127-143
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    • 2022
  • This study was conducted to clarify the phylogenetic position and relationships of Korean Poaceae taxa. A total of 438 taxa including 155 accessions of Korean Poaceae (representing 92% and 72% of Korean Poaceous genera and species, respectively) were employed for phylogeny reconstruction. Sequence data of eight chloroplast DNA markers were used for molecular phylogenetic analyses. The resulted phylogeny was mostly concordant with previous phylogenetic hypotheses, especially in terms of subfamilial and tribal relationships. Several taxa-specific indels were detected in the molecular phylogeny, including a 45 bp deletion in rps3 (PACMAD [Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, Danthonioideae] clade), a 15 bp deletion in ndhF (Oryzeae + Phyllorachideae), a 6 bp deletion in trnLF (Poeae s.l.), and two (17 bp and 378 bp) deletions in atpF-H (Pooideae). The Korean Poaceae members were classified into 23 tribes, representing eight subfamilies. The subfamilial and tribal classifications of the Korean taxa were generally congruent with a recently published system, whereas some subtribes and genera were found to be non-monophyletic. The taxa included in the PACMAD clade (especially Andropogoneae) showed very weak and uncertain phylogenetic relationships, presumably to be due to evolutionary radiation and polyploidization. The reconstructed phylogeny can be utilized to update the taxonomic positions of the newly examined grass accessions.

가동 유적지의 식물규소체(Phytoliths) 분석 연구 (A Study of the Phytoliths Analysis of Ga-dong Site in Gijang, Busan)

  • 최기룡;김진태
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.48-65
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    • 2009
  • 부산광역시 기장군 가동 유적지($129^{\circ}\;10^{\prime}\;49^{\prime\prime}{\sim}50^{\prime\prime}E$, $35^{\circ}\;19^{\prime}\;39^{\prime\prime}{\sim}48^{\prime\prime}N$, 68.5~78.5m) 퇴적물의 식물규소체(Phytoliths) 분석을 통하여 조사지 일대의 벼농사 개시기와 국지적 식생 변화를 규명하였다. 식물규소체 분석용 퇴적물은 유적지 내 3개 지점의 수직 구덩이 벽면에서 총 82개의 블록형 시료를 채취하였다. 그 결과, 지점 1에서는 퇴적물 8에서 29까지, 지점 2에서는 퇴적물 6에서 20까지, 지점 3에서는 퇴적물 7에서 33까지 벼(Oryza sativa)의 부채형 규소체가 검출되었다. 3개 지점의 바닥 층과 바닥에 가까운 층에서는 물대아과(Arundinoideae)와 쇠풀족(Andropogoneae)의 식물규소체 출현율이 높은 것으로부터 본 조사지 일대는 농경 개시기 이전 매우 습한 토양환경이었음을 알 수 있었다. 바닥 층에서 표층으로 올라 갈수록 물대아과와 쇠풀족의 식물규소체 출현율은 현저히 낮아지는 반면 벼의 식물규소체 출현율은 급격히 높아졌다. 이들 결과로부터 본 조사지 일대의 벼농사는 습지 혹은 매우 습한 지역을 이용하였고, 유물편년과 $^{14}C$연대분석에 따르면 벼농사의 개시기가 청동기시대부터이었음을 알 수 있었다.

경남 함안 묘사리 식물규소체 분석과 농경가능성 (Phytolith analysis and rice cultivation possibility from Myosa-ri Archeological Site, Haman-gun, Gyeongnam Province)

  • 김효선;윤순옥;황상일
    • 한국제4기학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.39-48
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    • 2011
  • 함안 묘사리 곡저평야의 하구부 토양층을 대상으로 식물규소체 분석을 행하였다. 분석결과 하부층준에서는 갈대속(Phragmites)과 재배벼(Oryza sativa)가 가장 많이 산출하였고, 기장족과 쇠풀족이 증가하여 저습한 환경에서 활발했던 농경활동을 반영하였다. 또한 고고학 발굴 결과에서도 삼국시대 수전층이 확인되었다. 전체 식물규소체 산출량은 중간층에서 가장 많고, 상부층으로 오면서 점차 증가하였다. 재배벼는 하부층에서 가장 많아서 농경층과 식물규소체 산출량은 비례하지 않았다. 그러나 재배벼는 거의 전 층준에서 연속적으로 출현하므로 전 시기에 걸쳐 농경활동이 있었을 것으로 판단된다.

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경주 황성동 유적지의 식물규소체 분석과 응용 (Phytolith analysis and application in Hwangseong-dong Archaeological Site, Gyeongju)

  • 김효선;윤순옥;황상일
    • 한국제4기학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2011
  • 형산강 연안의 경주 황성동 소재 주거지 유적에서 유적지내 목곽묘에 매장된 토기 속의 토양을 대상으로 식물규소체 분석을 행하였다. 연구지역은 신라시대 천년동안 왕경을 중심으로 하는 도읍지에 인접하여 있고 형산강의 충적평야를 이용하여 일찍부터 농경활동과 밀접하게 관련되어 있을 것으로 판단된다. 토기 내부 토양에서의 분석결과, 하부층준에서는 벼와 함께 갈대속, 기장족, 쇠풀족이 함께 출현하여 인접한 지역에서 농경 활동이 있었음을 확인하였다. 토기의 용도에 대해 확실하게 판단하기 위해서는 유적의 매몰토와 토기내부 토양과의 비교분석 및 토기 내부 토양의 대형식물유체 분석도 병행하는 등 다양한 분석이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

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