• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2009

The guideline of selection of Integrated Management Practices (IMPs), such as wood, green roof, lawn, and porous pavement, for Low Impact Development (LID) design was proposed by ranking the reduction rate of surface runoff using LIDMOD1.0. Based on the guideline, LID was designed with several scenarios at two apartment complexes located at Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea, and the effect of LID on surface runoff was evaluated during last 10 years. The effect of runoff reduction of IMP by land use change was highly dependent on the kind of hydrologic soil group. The wood planting is the best IMPs for reduction of surfac runoff for all hydrologic soil groups. Lawn planting is an excellent IMP for hydrologic soil group A, but reduction rate is low where soil doesn't effectively drains precipitation. The green roof shows constant reduction rate of surface runoff because it is not influenced by hydrologic soil group. Compared to the rate of other IMPs, the green roof is less effect the surface runoff reduction for hydrologic soil group A and is more effect for hydrologic soil group C and D followed to planing wood. The porous pavement for the impervious area is IMPs which is last selected for LID design because of the lowest reduction rate for all hydrologic soil group. As a result of LID application at study areas, we could conclude that the first step of the strategy of LID design at apartment complex is precuring pervious land as many area as possible, second step is selecting the kind of plant as more interception and evapotranspiration as possible, last step is replacing impervious land with porous pavement.

• 광물과 암석
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 꼬막(cockle), 전복(abalone), 가리비(scallop) 패각을 이용하여 중금속 제거효율 평가를 수행하였다. 꼬막, 전복, 가리비의 주 구성광물은 각각 아라고나이트, 아라고나이트와 방해석, 방해석으로 구성되어 있다. 각 패각들의 비표면적은 2.7241 m²/g에서 4.5481 m²/g까지 다양하며 가리비 > 전복 > 꼬막이다. 반응 후 중금속 분석 결과 As는 패각에 의한 흡착이나 pH 상승에 의한 침전 제거 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 납은 반응 초기에 모든 패각 시료에서 모두 제거되었다. 카드뮴과 아연은 매질에 따라 약간의 차이가 있지만 제거 효율은 가리비 > 전복 > 꼬막 순으로 나타났다. 중금속 제거 효율은 가열 시료가 원시료 비해 약간 높으며, 비표면적이 클수록 높은 경향이 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2017

This paper introduces a user-friendly PLC (programmable logic controller) monitoring and control system of heavy machinery using Android based smartphone. The proposed system will control diesel generator and many such like machine without a dedicated PC with respect to similar system and offers a new communication protocol for handling it. The smartphone controls the generator via Wi-Fi, through which it connects to the Raspberry pi which will be installed in the PLC panel to setup the communication between them. Furthermore, Raspberry pi connects to two devices, one is PLC which gives the status and current information of the machine and to ON/OFF the machine. This proposed system used RS485 as a key mediator for data exchanging between Raspberry PI(master) and PLC(slave). RS485 allows multiple devices (up to 32) to communicate at half duplex on single pair of wires and provides a long connectivity area (up to 1200 meters) as compared to another device. This proposed system specially focused on accurate data flow between smartphone and PLC panel.

• 대기
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2012

High spatio-temporal resolution hydrologic components can give important information to monitor natural disaster. The objective of this study is to create high spatial-temporal resolution gridded hydrologic components using TOPLATS distributed land surface model and evaluate their accuracy. For this, Andong dam basin is selected as study area and TOPLATS model is constructed to create hourly simulated values in every $1{\times}1km^2$ cell size. The observed inflow at Andong dam and soil moisture at Andong AWS site are collected to directly evaluate the simulated one. RMSEs of monthly simulated flow for calibration (2003~2006) and verification (2007~2009) periods show 36.87 mm and 32.41 mm, respectively. The hourly simulated soil moisture in the cell located Andong observation site for 2009 is well fitted with observed one at -50 cm. From this results, the cell based hydrologic components using TOPLATS distributed land surface model show to reasonably represent the real hydrologic condition in the field. Therefore the model driven hydrologic information can be used to analyze local water balance and monitor natural disaster caused by the severe weather.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.716-723
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• 2016

A connecting rod is a crucial part for transmitting an explosive force to the crankshaft in the engine. Stress concentration in connecting rod due to the accumulation of the repeated load may initiate micro crack and result in a crucial break down of the component. Two approaches are adopted to obtain a robust design of connecting rod. Inner and outer array matrix based on combinations of control factors and noise factors are constructed for using Taguchi method. Calculated stress results for each element of matrix are plotted in the Goodman diagram. Robust design approach by Taguchi method reduces stress concentration occurred in small end fillet area of the default model. Variable stress approach using Goodman diagram also confirms a robust design by Taguchi method.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생태학회 1998년도 춘계공동 학술발표대회
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• pp.84.1-84.1
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• 1998

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.511-519
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• 2017

This Paper introduces the design and communication method between PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and Arduino based on MODBUS Protocol. MODBUS connection can be established in a new or existing system very easily, therefore we used this protocol in our proposed system. In the field of automatic devices, multi-function serial port such as RS232, RS422, RS485, and so on creates a great convenience to the developer. This proposed system used RS485 as a key mediator for data exchanging on a connected network. We also believe that it will reduce the development cost in various automated industry because this system can be reused or can be implemented any such PLC installed machines. RS485 is used as a communication interface between PLC (as a slave) and Arduino (as a master), through which a reliable network is created for safe and fast communication. Furthermore, RS485 allows multiple devices(up to 32) to communicate at half duplex on a single pair of wires and provides a long connectivity area (up to 1200 meters) as compare to other device, which makes it a user-friendly for various devices in the automated industry. Moreover, Arduino can play as a mediator by connecting third party device and setup a communication network with PLC.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2007

본 연구는 경북 영양군 검마산(해발 1,0l7m, 북위 $36^{\circ}\;42^{'}\;30.0^{"}{\sim}36^{\circ}\;45^{'}\; 30.1^{"}$, 동경 $129^{\circ}\;12^{'}\;30.0^{"}{\sim}129^{\circ}\;18^{'}\; 00.0^{"}E$)의 관속식물 분포를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 2004년 4월부터 2006년 10월까지 11회에 걸쳐 채집된 관속식물은 총 91과 318속 424종 3아종 73변종 13품종의 총 513종류로 정리되었으며, 이들을 유용성에 따라 구분하면 식용 243종류, 약용 307종류, 공업용 122종류, 관상용 85종류, 용도가 밝혀지지 않은 식물 77종류이었다. 특기할만한 식물로는 한국특산식물이 9종류, 환경부지정 법적 보호식물 4종류, 귀화식물이 21종류로서 귀화율은 4.1%, 도시화지수는 7.5%로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.744-753
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• 2017

The sediment delivery ratio (SDR) is widely used to estimate sediment loads by multiplying soil loss through the Revised Universal Equation (RUSLE). In this study, the SDR equation was developed for the Lake Imha watershed using soil loss calculated by RUSLE and sediment loads by the calibrated Hydrological Simulation. Program Fortran (HSPF). The ratio of watershed relief and channel length ($R_f/L_{ch}$), the ratio of watershed relief and watershed length ($R_f/L_b$), curve number (CN), area (A), and channel slope ($SLP_{ch}$) demonstrated strong correlations with SDR. SDR equations were developed by a combination of subwatershed parameters by referring to the correlation analysis. The area based power functional SDR developed in this study showed significant errors at the point right after entering major tributaries, because SDR was unrealistically reduced when the watershed area increased significantly. The $SLP_{ch}$-based power functional SDR also showed extraordinary values when the channel slope was gradual. The SDR equation that showed the highest value of the coefficient of determination also presented unrealistic changes in the sediment loads within a relatively short river distance. The SDR equation $SDR=0.0003A^{0.198}R_f/L{_w}^{1.167}$ was recommended for application to the Lake Imha watershed. Using this equation, sediment loads at the outlet of the Lake Imha watershed were calculated, and the HSPF parameters related to sediment in the uncalibrated subwatersheds were determined by referring to the sediment loads calculated with the SDR equation.

• 분석과학
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2007

카본 나노섬유(CNFs)는 높은 비표면적($100{\sim}200m^2/g$)과 순도를 갖는 물질로서 2 nm 이하의 기공을 형성하지 않는 물질이다. 그러므로 이 물질은 촉매 지지체로서의 활용 가치가 우수한 물질이다. 활성 카본섬유(ACFs)는 첨단기술 산업 분야의 유독가스 제어에 많이 이용되어지고 있다. 레이온을 이용한 카본 나노섬유(CNFs)와 활성 카본섬유(ACFs)는 소재 표면에 다양한 온도와 공기량을 조절함으로서 열적 산화 방법인 열화학을 이용하여 제조하였다. 카본 나노섬유(CNFs)는 공기 주입 상태에서 $600^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 반응시켰으며, 온도와 공기량을 점차적으로 증가시키면서 카본 나노섬유(CNFs)을 성장시켰다. 활성 카본섬유(ACFs)는 $800^{\circ}C$ 상에서 72시간 반응시켜, $2,662m^2/g$ (BET)의 비표면적과 $1.41cm^3/g$의 부피를 갖는 소재를 제조하였다. 이와 같은 방법으로 제조된 활성 카본섬유(ACFs)는 기공크기가 10 nm이하 되는 비표면적이 전체 표면적의 99%을 차지 하며, 2 nm 이하 되는 비표면적이 전체 표면적의 60%을 차지 하였다.