• 제목/요약/키워드: Anatomically Paired

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Tendon Responses Depending on Different Anatomical Locations

  • Chun, Keyoung-Jin;Robert P. Hubbard
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • 제17권7호
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    • pp.1011-1015
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    • 2003
  • The objectives of this work focus on the differences in responses of paired tendons from different anatomical locations. Tendon specimens were obtained from the hindlimbs of canines and frozen to -70$^{\circ}C$. After being thawed, specimens were mounted in the immersion bath, preloaded to 0.13N, and then subjected to 3% or 4% of the initial length at a strain rate of 5%/sec. It was found that the mechanical responses of anatomically paired tendons were nearly the same within each pair but different between pairs of tendons from different anatomical locations. Although flexor tendons had much larger cross-sectional area than the others, such as peroneus or extensor tendons, the stiffness of the flexor tendons were much lower than the others throughout their stress-strain responses. The nature and causes of these differences in the stiffness are not fully known. However, it is clear that differences in the mechanical response of tendons and other connective tissues are significant to the musculoskeletal performance.

돌마자 Microphysogobio yaluensis(Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) 후각기관의 구조 및 조직학적 특성 연구 (Structure and Histological Characters of the Olfactory Organ in Korean Endemic Fish, Microphysogobio yaluensis (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae))

  • 김현태;이용주;김형수;박종영
    • 한국어류학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.161-166
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    • 2018
  • 한국 고유종 돌마자 Microphysogobio yaluensis의 후각기관과 서식처 및 생태와의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 실체 현미경과 광학현미경을 이용하여 구조 및 조직학적 특징을 조사하였다. 후각기관은 외부적으로 전비공, 후비공 그리고 비경계판으로 구성되어 있으며, 내부는 22~24개의 후판들과 비선으로 구성되었다. 후판은 감각상피와 비감각상피로 이루어져 있는데, 감각상피는 후감각신경, 지지세포, 기저세포들로 구성되었으며, 비감각상피는 층상상피세포, 비감각섬모세포, 산성과 중성을 갖는 황점액소의 점액세포들로 구성되어 있다. 이러한 후각기관들의 특징들은 돌마자의 높은 후각능력과 의존성 그리고 서식처 환경에 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 생각되며 분류학적 연구에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

한국산 남방짱뚱어 Scartelaos gigas의 후각기관 구조에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Structure of Peripheral Olfactory Organ in the Korean Mudskipper, Scartelaos gigas (Pisces, Gobiidae))

  • 김현태;이용주;박종성;박종영
    • 한국어류학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.281-287
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    • 2014
  • 수중과 육상의 이중적인 생활을 하는 남방짱뚱어 Scartelaos gigas (amphibious mudskipper)의 후각기관을 해부학과 조직학적으로 연구하였다. 그 결과 후각기관은 좌우 한 쌍이 존재하며 각 기관은 한 개의 가느다란 긴관 (an elongated canal)과 사비강과 누비강의 두 개의 비강 (ethmoidal and lacrimal nasal sacs)으로 구성되어 있었다. 각 관의 내벽에 발달한 감각 상피는 3~4개의 섬모를 가지는 감각 수용기 세포 (receptor cell), 지지세포 (supporting cell), 기저세포 (basal cell) 그리고 점액세포 (mucus cell)들로 구성되는 다세포성 구조로 이루어져 있었다. 반면에 비감각 상피는 감각기를 갖지 않는 주름진 표면만을 가지고 있었다. 또한 두 개의 비강은 상피 표면에 점액 방울 (mucin droplet)을 가지고 있었다. 따라서 남방짱뚱어의 이러한 후각기관의 특징은 생태적 습성과 서식처에 관련된 반수중 생활 (semi-aquatic life)에 적응한 특징으로 사료된다.

Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography in the evaluation of maxillary sinus pathology related to maxillary posterior teeth: Do apical lesions increase the risk of maxillary sinus pathology?

  • Terlemez, Arslan;Tassoker, Melek;Kizilcakaya, Makbule;Gulec, Melike
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The aims of this study were first, to compare panoramic radiography with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for evaluating topographic relationships, such as the classification of maxillary posterior teeth and their distance to the maxillary sinus floor; and second, to determine the relationship between maxillary sinus pathology and the presence of apical lesions. Materials and Methods: In total, 285 paired CBCT and panoramic radiography records of patients (570 maxillary sinuses) were retrospectively analyzed. Both imaging modalities were used to determine the topographic relationship of the maxillary posterior teeth to the sinus floor. Mucosal thickening >2 mm was considered a pathological state. Data were analyzed using the chi-square, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated. Results: The closest vertical distance measurements made between posterior maxillary teeth roots and the maxillary sinus on panoramic radiography and CBCT scans showed statistically significant differences from each other(P<0.05). Compared to panoramic radiography, CBCT showed higher mean values for the distance between the maxillary sinus floor and maxillary posterior teeth roots. The CBCT images showed that at least 1 apical lesion adjacent to the right maxillary sinus increased the risk of maxillary sinus pathology by 2.37 times(OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.58-3.55, P<0.05). Conclusion: Panoramic radiography might lead to unreliable diagnoses when evaluating the distance between the sinus floor and posterior roots of the maxillary teeth. Periapical lesions anatomically associated with maxillary sinuses were a risk factor for sinus mucosal thickening.