• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2001

Objective : The authors have studied the clinical outcome of patients with diffuse axonal injuries(DAI) to evaluate the prognostic value of gradient-echo MR imaging findings. Materials and Methods : From March 1995 to March 1998, there were nineteen patients with DAI whose initial Glasgow coma scales were eight or less. Authors divided them into two groups according to Glasgow outcome scales ; those patients with GOS 3 or less(group A ; 9) and those with 4 or more(group B ; 10). We subdivided the lesions as superficial and deep lesion, and analyzed the numbers, anatomical loci of the lesions on the gradient echo images of each group. Results : Mean numbers of the lesions were 15 per case in group A(135/9) and 10 in group B(100/10). The common loci involved in DAI were cerebral cortex, brain stem, and corpus callosum. Cortical lesions were 31.1% in group A(42/135) and 47% in group B(47/100). Brain stem lesions were 25.9%(35/135) and 15%(15/100) each. Callosal lesions were 31.1%(26/135) and 13%(13/100) each. The frequency of callosal and brain stem lesions was significantly different between two groups(p<0.05). We divided callosal lesions as genu, body, and splenium and body lesions as anterior, middle, posterior, but no significant topographical difference of lesions was observed between two groups. Deep lesions were observed more frequently in group A(58.5%, 79/135) than group B(36%, 36/100). Conclusion : The poor outcome group showed more numbers of lesion and more frequent involvement of brain stem and corpus callosum than favorable outcome group. Gradient-echo MR imaging seems to have predictive value for clinical outcome in patients with DAI.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.224-227
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• 2007

Chordoid glioma is a rare primary brain tumor of the third ventricle, and was recently characterized as a novel tumor entity. Typical radiological features of chordoid gliomas include; a solid, round-to-ovoid, well-circumscribed, contrast-enhancing mass of the hypothalamus and anterior third ventricle. Despite being classified as WHO grade 2, the third ventricular chordoid glioma has been reported to have a poor clinical outcome because of its anatomical location. The authors report a case of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle in a 48-year-old man with unusual radiological features of cystic component and ill defined circumscription.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.243-246
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• 2011

Lisfranc injury is complex and difficult to treat. Making the correct diagnosis and achieving an anatomical reduction are important factors in regard to achieving a favorable outcome with this injury. We describe a new technique that we have found to be useful for stabilizing Lisfranc injury. This method is relatively fast and simple, and it provides non-rigid fixation. Also, it eliminates the need for implant removal. To date, we have achieved predictable results for stabilizing and treating this injury with the use of a $TightRope^{TM}$ Device, instead of traditional interfragmental screw fixation. In this report, we describe a case in which this method was used with satisfactory short-term results.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2012

Minipigs are regarded as one of the most important laboratory animal in that anatomical and physiological properties are similar to human and their reproduction efficiency is relatively higher compared to other large animal species. Particularly, several diseases that cannot be mimicked in rodent models are successfully occurred or induced in pig models therefore it has been interested in a valuable model for human diseases. Pigs are also 'standard' species in xenotransplantation research. To maximize experimental outcome using minipigs, establishment and management of proper animal facility, right animal husbandry and control of pathogens are very important. In this review, we summarized several international guidelines related with minipigs published by several companies or governments and discuss optimal conditions for providing informative ideas to the researchers who want to use minipigs in their future studies.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2012

The velopharynx is a tridimensional muscular valve located between the oral and nasal cavities, consisting of the lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls and the soft palate, and controls the passage of air. Velopharyngeal insufficiency may take place when the velopharyngeal valve is unable to perform its own closing, due to a lack of tissue or lack of proper movement. Treatment options include surgical correction, prosthetic rehabilitation, and speech therapy; though optimal results often require a multidisciplinary approach for the restoration of both anatomical and physiological defect. We report a case of 56 year old male patient presenting with hypernasal speech pattern and velopharyngeal insufficiency secondary to cleft palate which had been surgically corrected 18 years ago. The patient was treated with a combination of speech therapy and palatal lift prosthesis employing interim prostheses in various phases before the insertion of definitive appliance. This phase-wise treatment plan helped to improve patient's compliance and final outcome.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2022

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is among the most common causes of childhood blindness. Three phases of ROP epidemics have been observed worldwide since ROP was first described in the 1940s. Despite advances in neonatal care, the occurrence of ROP and associated visual impairment has been increasing somewhere on Earth and remains difficult to control. Conventional treatment options for preventing ROP progression include retinal ablation using cryotherapy or laser therapy. With the emergence of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for ocular diseases, the efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF therapy for ROP have recently been actively discussed. In the advanced stage of ROP with retinal detachment, surgical treatment including scleral buckling or vitrectomy is needed to maintain or induce retinal attachment. At this stage, the visual outcome is usually poor despite successful anatomical retinal attachment. Therefore, preventing ROP progression by timely screening examinations and treatment remains the most important part of ROP management.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.584-587
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• 2023

Polymelia is an extremely rare congenital anomaly where an individual is born with an abnormally developed extra or supernumerary limb which is generally shrunken and functionless. A case of thoracomelia (a type of polymelia) was observed macroscopically and confirmed radiologically in 1.5 years old boy born in Nepal with an abnormal supernumerary upper limb attached to his back in the thoracic region. The limb was successfully amputated, and the boy had a favorable outcome after surgical treatment, without any adverse effects or impairment. Understanding the embryogenesis of thoracomelia is essential for unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying this condition and potentially aiding in early diagnosis and intervention. This case report and review aims to shed light on the intricate processes governing forelimb formation and their perturbations leading to thoracomelia.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2016

Background Financial, clinical, and psychological considerations have made same-day surgery an attractive option for a variety of procedures. This article aimed to analyse the postoperative results of same-day primary unilateral cleft nasolabial repair. Methods This study was performed from 2011 to 2014. Unilateral cleft lip patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were preoperatively classified as mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent same-day surgery and were discharged after satisfying the appropriate clinical criteria, receiving thorough counselling, and the establishment of a means of communication by phone. Postoperative outcomes were assessed and stratified according to preoperative severity and the type of repair. Results A total of 423 primary unilateral cleft lip patients were included. Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was the most common procedure, followed by Noordhoff's technique. The postoperative outcome was good in 89.8% of cases, fair in 9.9% of cases, and poor in 0.2% of cases. The complication rate was 1.18% (n=5), and no instances of mortality were observed. The average hospital stay was 7.5 hours, leading to a cost reduction of 19% in comparison with patients who stayed overnight for observation. Conclusions Mild unilateral cleft lip was the most common deformity for which Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was performed in most of the cases, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes. Refinements in the cleft rhinoplasty techniques over the course of the study improved the results regarding cleft nasal symmetry. Single-day primary unilateral cleft cheiloplasty was found to be a cost-effective procedure that did not pose an additional risk of complications.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2011

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament avulsion fracture accompanied ankle fractures treated with anatomical reduction and internal fixation. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to April 2010, 30 cases with anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament avulsion fracture that treated with anatomical reduction and internal fixation were analyzed. The average follow-up period was 26 months (minimum 6 months). We have reviewed the bony union, complication and subjective satisfaction according to the fracture classification and method of internal fixation. Results: Among 30 cases, 28 cases were occurred in Lauge-Hansen classification supination-external rotation type, one case was fracture-dislocation and one case was Maisonneuve fracture. We have performed internal fixation with Mini screw in 11 cases, K-wire in 10 cases, repair in six cases and Mini screw & K-wire in three cases. In all cases bony union was completed. two cases in Mini screw, one case in K-wire, two cases in repair and one case in Mini screw & K-wire revealed LOM of ankle joint. Skin irritation and superficial peroneal nerve irritation happened in one case each. Other cases show good subjective satisfaction. Conclusion: Anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament avulsion fracture accompanied with ankle fracture is a good clinical outcome with internal fixation. So we should not miss out the anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament avulsion fracture in radiologic evaluation or operation room.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and anatomic features involved in determining treatment modalities for anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms. Methods : The authors retrospectively evaluated 112 AcoA aneurysms with pretreatment clinical features including age, Hunt and Hess grade, medical or neurological comorbidity, and anatomical features including aneurysm size, neck size, dome-to-neck ratio, vessel incorporation, multiple lobulation, and morphologic scoring system. Post-treatment clinical results were classified according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale, and anatomic results in coiled patients were classified according to the modified Raymond scale. Using multivariate logistic regression, the probabilities for decision making between surgical clipping and coil embolization were calculated. Results : Sixty-seven patients (60%) were treated with surgical clipping and 45 patients (40%) with endovascular coil embolization. The clinical factor significantly associated with treatment decision was age (${\geq}$65 vs. <65 years) and anatomical factors including aneurysm size (small or large vs. medium), dome-to-neck ratio (<2 vs. ${\geq}$2), presence of vessel incorporation, multiple lobulation, and morphologic score (${\geq}$2 vs. <2). In multivariate analysis, older patients (age, 65 years) had significantly higher odds of being treated with coil embolization relative to clipping (adjusted OR=3.78; 95% CI, 1.39-10.3; p=0.0093) and higher morphological score patients (${\geq}$2) had a higher tendency toward surgical clipping than endovascular coil embolization (OR=0.23; 95% CI, 0.16-0.93; p=0.0039). Conclusion : The optimal decision for treating AcoA aneurysms cannot be determined by any single clinical or anatomic characteristics. All clinical and morphological features need to be considered, and a collaborative neurovascular team approach to AcoA aneurysms is essential.