• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1999

The effects of polyelectrolytes and enzyme, alone and in combination, were investigated in OCC recycling system. Four types of the polyelectrolytes based on acrylamide, cationic and anionic monomers were applied to the enzyme-treated KOCC stock to improve the strength and drainage properties of testliner. The polyelectrolytes used in this work were designed in terms of molecular weight and charge density. The water conditions used for recycling were also varied. The results showed that the hydrolytic action of enzyme gave reduced surface area and amorphous region of fiber, and as a result, the cationic polymer was lost apparently its flocculating power due to the reduced bonding site of fiber surface. When the hardness and conductivity of water had been controlled to the conditins of OCC paper mill, the application of amphoteric polyelectrolyte to the enzyme-treated recycled stock was the most effective with respect to the strength and drainage properties of testliner.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2017

Polyelectrolytes are commonly used as flocculants in drinking water treatment. However the growing concerns about their toxicity have motivated the search for biocompatible flocculants. Here, we show that gelatin, a natural amphoteric polyelectrolyte, can be effectively adsorbed on clay surfaces and can potentially be a suitable substitute for existing flocculants. The adsorption of gelatin from its aqueous solution onto the mineral clay surfaces at different conditions was systematically investigated using the design of experiments methodology. The gelatin adsorption was found to vary considerately with pH variation showed a maximum adsorption at its isoelectric point. The amount of adsorbed gelation increased with increasing pH from 3 to 5, attained a maximum at pH 5 and then decreased with increasing pH from 5 to 11. Similarly, the amount of adsorbed gelatin showed decreasing trends around salt concentration of 0.05 M and temperature $35^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the adsorption was continuously increased with time and polymer concentration in the range of 0.1-0.9 mg/dL. Finally, the jar tests confirmed the ability of gelatin for using a natural flocculant for water treatment.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

As a novel method to improve strength properties of recycled test liner, Condebelt press drying system was introduced and adopted into Korea. New press drying treatment could enhance the surface and strength properties in accordance with the increase of sheet density. However, Condebelt drying can not increase the density of repeatedly recycled test liner as much as that of virgin UKP and at the same density condition, the strength of Condebelt press dried UKP is greater than that of press dried test liner. In order to increase the strength of test liner, two attempts were tried in this study. First, addition of polyelectrolytes, dry strength agent was investigated with a view to promote the fiber bonding potential of reclaimed corrugated container pulp. Second, blending effect of fines were analyzed in an aims of increasing density and strength of test liner. The results were as follows; Even in the case of test liner densified by Condebelt press dryer, addition of amphoteric PAM as a dry strength agent was effective in increasing strength properties and so the effect of dry strength agent on improving bonding potential of recycled OCC fiber could be confirmed. As an appropriate addition level of amphoteric PAM, below 1% based on dry pulp weight was suggested. Different from virgin UKP, density of recycled test liner can be increased by the blending of OCC fines and strength properties also can be improved. However, excessive blending of OCC fines could result in decreasing of density and serious weakening of test liner. The best blending ration of fines in test liner can be determined as about 30%. Taking into account the fines content in general OCC pulp as 50%, excessive 20% of fines were supposed to be fractionated and removed in order to achieve the best strength of Condebelt press dried test liner.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Recently, the use of wood resources has been limited due to global environmental change, like global warming and desertification. It is very critical in Korea's paper industries because lots of virgin pulp are dependant on direct import from abroad for printing grade of paper. In this work, the alternatively best available technique for reducing the import amounts of BKP (bleached Kraft pulp) was considered by mixing DIP (deinked pulp) and TMP (thermomechanical pulp) for the manufacture of high quality paper. Generally known, the sheet prepared from fibrous raw materials of DIP and TMP has lower strength and optical properties than that prepared from BKP. This study was aimed to improve the sheet quality by using DIP and TMP. 4 kinds of polyelectrolytes were approached to find out the best effects on physical strength and optical brightness improvements, and high retention behaviors with GCC (ground calcium carbonate). In conclusion, amphoteric PAM with 1,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and 0.5 charge density (meq/g) was best for the improvement of strength properties with the mixture of DIP and TMP. GCC retention rate was also the highest with cationic-PAM of above 2,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and about 2.0-3.0 charge density (meq/g) of strengthening agent.