• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 1996

노동력부족이 심화되는 농촌현실에서 이앙을 하지 않는 벼직파재배가 점차 확대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 건답과 담수직파재배를 실시하고 기존의 이앙재배와 수량성, 노동생산성 및 수익성을 비교하여 영농노력을 절감하고 경영비용을 저하시킬 수 있는 가능성을 검토하여 직파의 적부를 평가하였다. 다수성을 진속하면서 경영을 개선하기 위하여 농용자재의 적정투입과 생력화로서 영농노력을 절감하고 경영비용을 저하시켜 벼농사의 경영채산성을 확립 하고자 하였다. 직파재배는 무효분얼이 많이 발생하여 유효경비율이 50％에 불과하였고 출수기는 약 9일이 지연되었으나 현미수량은 이앙과 차이가 없이 455kg/10a(건답), 480kg/10a(담수)을 생산하였다. 노동시간투입은 이앙에 비하여 17％(건답), 28％(담수)씩 감소시켰고 생산비소요는 20％(건답), 32％(담수)를 절감하였고 농용에너지 투입은 건답은 약 5％ 감소시켰으나 담수는 3％ 증가되었다. 담수재배가 건답보다 생력화와 생산성에서 보다 효과적이었다. 직파재배는 본답기간이 연장되어 비료와 제초제의 증시가 필요하였고 앞으로 이들 보조에너지들의 절감과 효율성을 높이는 기술이 개발되어야 하겠다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.236-242
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• 1999

To examine the seedling stand and growth as affected by early seeding dates of dry direct seeded rice in the Honam plain area of Korea, Dongjinbyeo was seeded at six seeding dates from early March to late April in rice fields of silty loam soil(Jeonbuk series) at the National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station (NHAES) for two years, 1996 and 1998. Seedling stand decreased slightly. with an early seeding date, but it produced more than the optimum seedling number except for the seeding of 25 March in 1996. Days to emergence was significantly longer, as seeding date was earlier, and days to emergence by early seeding was shortened only by 8 days because the mean air temperature was lower in 1996 than average, while in 1998, the reduction effect was nine to twenty five days because the mean air temperature was higher than average. In early seeding, various weeds occurred at the emergence date of rice and dominant weeds were Alopecurus aequailis, Ludwigia prostata and Rorippa islandica. NH$_4$$^{+}$ -N content in the soil at the 5th leaf stage and maximum tillering stage were lower, as the seeding date was earlier when nitrogen was split applied as basal and top dressed in 1996, while it was not significantly different among seeding dates when nitrogen was intensively applied as a top dressing in 1998. Tiller number at the maximum tillering stage and panicle number/m$^2$ were more, as seeding date was earlier in 1996, while it was not different in 1998. Filled grain rate and 1,000 grain weight was not different among the seeding dates. Milled rice yield was significantly decreased in the seeding before the middle of March, but in the seeding after late March, it was not varied when compared with the normal seeding date in 1996, while in 1998, there was no difference among seeding dates. From the above results, in consideration of seedling stand, weed occurance, rice growth and milled rice yield, the critical optimum early seeding time in the southern plain area may lie in early April. But it was suggested that when soil moisture is proper for seeding practices, seeding amount is increased and nitrogen is applied after plumule emergence of rice, milled rice yield may not be reduced in the seeding of middle or late March, compared with the seeding in April.l.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.102-102
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• 2022

More than 74% of forage crops in Korea are cultivated in winter rice fields. Italian ryegrass (IRG) can be said to be a representative forage crop, but over 70% of its seeds are dependent on imports. In addition, there are concerns that the stable supply of research fees may be disrupted due to the effects of climate change, war, and other factors. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a large production area for stable supply. Korea's reclaimed land area is 135,000 ha and its agricultural area is 112,000 ha. Therefore, this study attempted to apply IRG to the domestic IRG seed industry through stable cultivation techniques on reclaimed land. In this study, IRG 'Kowiearly' varsity was cultivated in late October 2020 and early October 2021 in the Saemangeum reclaimed land. The seeding methods were conventional drill sowing seeding, new technology spot seedling (30 × 18 cm) and new technology drill sowing seeding. The amount of sowing was conventional drill sowing seeding 2.0(kg/10a), new technology spot seedling 1.5(kg/10a), and new technology drill sowing seeding 1.5(kg/10a). Fertilizer application amount is conventional drill sowing seeding(N-P₂O₅-K₂O) 9.0-12-12(kg/10a), and new technology spot seedling and drill sowing seeding were(N-P₂O₅-K₂O) 4.5-12-12(kg/10a) respectively. Fertilizer was applied accordingly. After that, in February, the conventional drill sowing seeding, new technology drill sowing seeding and spot seedling applied 4.0 and 2.2(kg/10a) of nitrogen supplement fertilizer, respectively. Before wintering, plant length was higher in 2022 than in 2021, but leaf number was higher in 2021. Heading time was April 30, 2021 and April 25, 2022. In heading time, plant length was 74 cm in 2021 and 67 cm in 2022, lower than in 2021. On the other hand, There was no difference in the number of panicle and the number of seeds in the 2021 harvester in all treatment plots, and, thus seed yield was no differ. However, the drill sowing seeding and spot seedling of the new technology were somewhat higher than the conventional drill sowing seeding. On the other hand, seed yield was decreased in all treatment plots compared to 2022 because of raifall deficiency in 2021.

• 대기
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.609-614
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• 2019

Cloud seeding experiment has been proposed as a way to alleviate severe air pollution problem because, if successful, artificially produced precipitation through cloud seeding could scavenge out some portion of air pollutants. As a first step to verify the practicality of such experiment, seedability of the clouds observed in Seoul is assessed by examining statistical characteristics of some relevant meteorological variables. Analyses of 9 years of Korea Meteorological Agency Seoul station data indicate that as PM₁₀ mass concentration increases, cloud amount, liquid water path, and ice water path decrease, but the difference between temperature and dew point temperature tends to increase. Such finding suggests that cloud seeding becomes less feasible as air pollution becomes more severe in the Seoul metropolitan area, at least in a statistical sense. For some individual severe air pollution events, however, seedable clouds may exist and indeed cloud seeding experiments can be successful. Therefore, detailed investigation on cloud seedability for individual severe air pollution events are highly required to make a concrete assessment of cloud seeding as a way to alleviate severe air pollution problem.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 1998

To study the optimum conditions of composting with industrial wastewater sludge, the variations of temperature and $CO_2$ generation amount during the composting periods were investigated. The conditions were that industrial wastewater added to bulking agents such as sawdust and rice hull was used, and differently treated with microorganism seeding or not, initial C/N ratios, air flow rate and initial moisture contents, respectively. The results were summarized as follows : Seeding 5% of microorganism was higher the temperature than not seeding. And using sawdust as bulking agents, and adjusting 30~40 of Initial C/N ratio, 200ml/l.min. of k flow rate and 67~68% moisture contents were higher the temperature than any other conditions. Seeding 5% of microorganisms was higher $CO_2$ generation amount than not seeding. And that was much in the order of 7~40, 30~34 and 22~23 of initial C/N ratio. Judging from the results, it should be considered that the optimum conditions in the composting of industrial wastewater sludge were seeding of 5% microorganisms, and adjusting 30~34 of Initial C/N ratio, 200ml/l min. of air flow rate and 67~68% of Intitial moisture contents. The contents of inorganic matters and C/N ratio during the composting periods at optimum condition were a little Increased. and heavy metals contents after composting were lower than standard for fortllizer.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.382-389
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• 1997

하수슬러지를 퇴비화하여 농지이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 소형 퇴비화조에서의 하수슬러지에 수분조절제로 톱밥 또는 왕겨를 사용하여 미생물 처리유무, 초기 C/N율, 공기 및 초기 수분함량조절등 조건을 달리 처리하여 퇴비화과정중 온도변화 및 $CO_2$발생량 등을 조사함으로써 하수슬러지의 최적 퇴비화조건을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 퇴비화과정중 온도는 퇴비재료에 미생물을 처리하였을 경우 미생물을 처리하지 않았을 경우에 비하여 높았으며, 수분조절제로 왕겨를 사용한 경우가 톱밥을 사용한 경우에 비하여 전반적으로 온도가 높았다. 또한 퇴비재료의 초기 C/N율을 21${\sim}$22, 공기주입량을 $200ml/l\;{\cdot}\;min$., 초기수분함량을 64${\sim}$65%로 조절하였을 경우가 전반적으로 다른 조건에 비하여 온도가 높았다. 퇴비화과정중 $CO_2$발생량은 퇴비화 재료에 미생물을 처리하였을 경우가 미생물을 처리하지 않았을 경우에 비하여 많았고, 수분조절제로 톱밥을 사용한 경우가 왕겨를 사용한 경우에 비하여 많았다. 초기 C/N율을 21${\sim}$40으로 조절하였을 경우에 12${\sim}$14로 조절하였을 경우에 비하여 $CO_2$발생량이 많았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 하수슬러지 퇴비화의 최적조건은 퇴비원료에 미생물을 5%정도 첨가하고, 초기 C/N율을 약 21${\sim}$22로, 퇴비화조내 공기주입량은 $200ml/l\;{\cdot}\;min$.로, 그리고 초기 수분함량은 64${\sim}$65%로 각각 조절하는 것이라 판단되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.621-635
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• 1998

한반도에서 비씨뿌리기에 의한 인공증우 가능성을 강우량 관측자료, 운량, 위성자료 및 상층관측자료로부터 조사하였다. 안동지역의 일 강수강도는 약 2.7mm/day, 1회 강수강도는 11 mm/day로 가장 작은 값을 보였다. 그러나 인공강우에 적합한 구름(운정온도가 -10'~-30')의 출현일은 1연에 130일로서 큰 값을 나타냈다. 이 지역에서 출현 운형은 층적운(Sc)이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 권운(Cirrus)및 고층운(Altostratus)였다. 상기 결과로 이 지역에서 비씨뿌리기의 적절한 전략이 세원진다면 인공증우의 가능성은 높을 것으로 추정된다. 상승응결고도(LCL)및 대류응결고도(CCL)은 계절에 따른 변화가 적었으며, 각각 100-950 hPa 및 450-500 hPa 고도에서 가장 큰 빈도를 나타내엇다. 여름철에 적운의 고도는 높으나 많은 수증기량을 함유하고 있는 반면 겨울철은 그 반대의 현상이 나타나 계절별 비씨뿌리기 방법의 차이가 있어야 함을 보여주었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 1998

To investigate effects of organic matter application on heavy metal uptake of infant rice seeding, the various amount of organic matter(peat and $Bio-com^{(R)}$)was applied on Cd or Cu treated nursery bed soil. No growth difference was observed up to 20mg/kg of Cu treatment. Above 20mg/kg of Cu treatment, the seeding height and top dry weight were decreased but the Cu uptake by seeding was increased with increasing Cu treatment level. The mat formation was poor above 20mg/kg of Cu treatment, however, the seeding peat application level. All peat treatment resulted better mat formation than control. The seeding height and top dry increasing Cd treatment level. The mat formation was not effected by either Cd treatment level or organic matter sources. The effect of peat and $Bio-com{(R)}$ application on Cd uptake by infant rice seeding was not observed at all Cd treatments level.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2007

The special project was conducted at the cooperative farm where located at Yakjeon-ri Sukcheon-gun Pyeongannam-do, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. This farm was firstly introduced a newly developed technology-"Bokto seeding technology" for rice cultivation from the Republic of Korea. Total acreage of rice paddy field cultivated by this technology was 800ha and the average yield was 7.17t/ha with paddy rice which was higher by 109.2% than that of the transplanting method for rice cultivation. In general rice disease was decreased at the Bokto seeded rice plant compared to the transplanted rice plant and root activity was higher in Bokto seeded rice. Optimum seeding amount was determined at rate of 90kg/ha in Pyeongdo 5(early ripening variety) and 110kg/ha at Pyeongdo 11(medium ripening variety) and Pyeongyang 43(late ripening variety), respectively. A recommended sowing time was within late April for late ripening variety like Pyeongyang 43, May 1-5 for medium ripening variety, and May 5-15 for early ripening variety.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2006

본 연구는 마의 지상부에서 형성되는 주아를 이용하여 이듬해 종서로 사용 가능한 씨마 생산을 위한 주아 재배법을 개발하기 위하여 수행하였으며, 파종기, 파종량, 파종주아 크기에 따른 씨마 수량을 검토하였다. 1. 주아 파종기가 늦어질수록 생장 일수가 짧아져 괴경장이 짧아지고 평균 괴경중이 가벼워지는 등 괴경의 크기가 작아졌다. 5월 11일 파종의 경우 씨마용으로 사용할 수 없는 무게가 20g 이하 되는 괴경수가 많아짐으로 파종은 늦어도 5월 1일까지 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. 2. 파종량이 많을수록 괴경장이 짧아지고 평균 괴경중이 가벼워지는 등 괴경의 크기가 작아지므로 마로 사용 가능한 $21{\sim}4kg$ 크기의 괴경수를 고려할 때 200kg/10a가 파종 적량으로 판단되었다. 3. 파종주아의 크기가 클수록 출아율과 평균 괴경중이 높아져 단위 면적당 괴경 수량이 높게 나타났다.