• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.314-321
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• 2012

Harmful gases which are generated from various rout at growth environment of livestock ban have a direct and indirect bad influence to the livestock and farmers, and also step-up breeding density and long-term exposure to the sealed environment of winter can be fatal. In this paper, we propose a gas measurement system for monitoring gases of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic compounds, etc. which arise from the muck. The measurement system consist of both wireless gas sensor node and gas recognition software using a Fuzzy Min-Max neural network. To evaluate the performance of suggested system, gas measurement experiments are performed in laboratory environment by using the designed wireless gas sensor node. And we show the performance through classification test for the target gases by the designed gas recognition software.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 1991

The cytidine bio-sensors have been constructed by immobilizing the bacterium Proteus mirabilis and organelle on an ammonia gas sensor. The bacterial sensor was investigated for the effects of pH, temperature, buffer solution, bacterial amounts, interferences and lifetime. The bacterial sensor had linearity in the range of 5.0 ${\times}$ 10$^{-4}$M ∼ 1.0 ${times}$ 10$^{-2}$M cytidine with a slope of 56 mV/decade at pH 7.8, 30$^{\circ}C$ and 3 mg in 1.0 M phosphate buffer solution. This bacterial sensor was compared with it's organelle sensor.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.11 no.1 s.34
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• pp.29-33
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• 2007

This study investigates the use of $TiO_{2},\;Pd,\;Pt$, and In which greatly improves a sensitivity to trimethylamine gas. The metal-$SnO_{2}$ thick films were prepared by screen-printing method onto $Al_{2}O_{3}$ substrates with platinum electrode. The sensing characteristics were investigated by measuring the electrical resistance of each sensor in a test box as a function of detecting gas concentration. This was then used to detect trimethylamine, dimethylamine, and ammonia vapours within the concentration range of 100-1000ppm. The gas sensing properties of metal-$SnO_{2}$ mixed thick films depended on the content and variety of metal. It was found that sensitivity and selectivity of the films dopped with 1 wt% Pd and 10 wt% $TiO_{2}$ for trimethylamin gas showed the best result at $250^{\circ}C$.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.332-338
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• 1997

$SnO_2$ as raw material of sensor for $NO_2$ detection was prepared by precipitating $SnCl_4$ solution with aqueous ammonia followed by calcining in air. The characterization of $SnO_2$ was carried out using FT-IR and XRD, and $SnO_2$ thick film sensor was fabricated by screen-printing method. The particle size of $SnO_2$ calcined at higher temperature increased due to the growth of crystalline. $SnO_2$ sensor fabricated by using $SnO_2$ sample calcined at $1000^{\circ}C$ followed by heat treatment at $700^{\circ}C$ exhibited excellent sensing characteristics and selectivity for $NO_2$ gas at the operating temperature of $250^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.9 no.4 s.29
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• pp.26-29
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• 2005

In this paper, the solvent sensing properties of the metallophthalocyanine macrocyclic compounds(ZnPc) have been deposited as thin films by the spin-coated method and evaporated methods onto alumina substrates and quartz substrates. And then the spin-coated materials of Zinc phthalocyanine solutions blended with $N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,\;1-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine\;and/or\; Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene]$ solutions. The influences of the blended metallophthalocyanine macrocyclic compounds on the resistance have been measured and analysed in five different vapour organic compounds.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2002

$LaFeO_3$-based thick films with 2wt.%, 5wt.% and 10wt.% $Al_2O_3$ additives were fabricated by screen printing method on $Al_2O_3$ substrates. Structural, electrical and ammonia gas sensing characteristics of the thick films with different heat treatment temperatures were examined. From XRD results, the compound of $LaFeO_3$ and $Al_2O_3$ was not found until the heat treatment at $1200^{\circ}C$. SEM microphotograph showed similar grain growth despite the amount of $Al_2O_3$ additives with the heat treatment. Thick films with high activation energy and low resistance in the electrical properties showed high sensitivity for gases. Thick films with 2wt % $Al_2O_3$ additives heat-treated at $1200^{\circ}C$ showed the sensitivities of 210% for 100 ppm $NH_3$ gas at the working temperature of $350^{\circ}C$. The thick films showed food selectivity to $NH_3$ gas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.483-490
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• 2019

Assessing the effect of forest fires and measuring the gas concentration around a fire has received little attention. Therefore, the concentrations of various gases in areas surrounding a fire need to be measured by the development of a suitable device. Unlike conventional portable devices, the AQS (Air Quality System) proposed in this paper is a portable instrument that measures five types of gases simultaneously, including CO, CO2, NOx, VOCs, and NH3, and has high durability through sensor protection algorithms. A PC-based program with an AQS connection was developed to monitor the real-time changes in the gas concentration. The reliability of the developed device was proven through a comparison of the results with other commercial gas analyzers. Measurements of the concentration due to indoor and outdoor fires were performed around a fire area to review the applicability and the predicted results were obtained.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.386-390
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop the biofilter fur reducing ammonia $(NH_3)$ and hydrogen sulfide $(H_2S)$ gas emission from a pig house. A biofilter was designed and constructed by a type of squeeze air into the column type of air flow upward. Its column size was ${\Phi}260{\times}360mm$. It was used pressure drop gauge, turbo blower, air temperature, velocity sensor and control program that was programed by LabWindows CVI 5.5. Mixing materials were consisted with composted pine tree bark and perlite with 7:3 ratio (volume). The biofilter media inoculated with ammonia (Rhodococcus equi A3) and hydrogen sulfide (Alcaligenes sp. S5-5.2) oxidizing microorganisms was installed in a commercial pig house to analyzed the effectiveness of biogas removal for 10 days. Removal rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases were 90.8% and 81.5%, respectively. This result suggests that the pine compost-perlite mixture biofilter is effective and economic for reducing ammonia ana hydrogen sulfide gases.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 1988

The bio-electrode for cytosine has been constructed by immobilizing Proteus mirabilis and Citrobacter freundii on an ammonia gas-sensor. Bacteria containing cytosine deaminase convert one molecule of cytosine into one molecule of ammonia. The Proteus mirabilis bacterial electrode showed linear response to cytosine concentration in the $1.0{\times}10^{-3}\;-\;5.0{\times}10^{-2}$M with a slope of 45-48 mV/decade in 0.2 M phospbate buffer solution at pH 8.4. The Citrobacter freundii bacterial electrode showed linear response to cytosine concentration in the $7.0{\times}10^{-5}\;-\;7.0{\times}10^{-3}$M with a slope of 48 mV/decade in 0.05M phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.6. These electrode were investigated for the effects of pH, temperature, buffer solutions, amounts of bacteria, interferences, inorganic salts and lifetime.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2B
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• pp.252-262
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• 2010

Recently, the USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) technology is emerging as an aspect of digital convergence trends which is being rapidly evolving in the whole society. The technological feasibility for the various application services using the USN is researched in numerous industries, but, in the agricultural field, the market of USN application service, technology adoption and commercialization have been delayed. In the agricultural field, the ubiquitous technologies could lead to huge change in the conventional surroundings such as growth environment of livestock, crop cultivation and harvest. In this paper, to offer a integrated management, we construct a u-swinery(ubiquitous swinery) system which is consisted with USN environmental sensors to collect information from physical phenomenon such as luminance, relative humidity, temperature and ammonia gas. Numbers of CCTV were also installed to monitor inside and outside of the swinery. The u-swinery integrated management system can monitor and control the condition of swinery from remote sites. Furthermore, by gathering the cumulative environmental data from the system, the optimal growth condition for the livestock could be created.