• 정보보호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

2019년 NAS기반 5G 서비스가 국내에서 상용화 된지 1년 반이 지났다. 그동안 5G로의 전환에 따라 발생 될 수 있는 새로운 보안 위협에 대한 우려가 지속적으로 제기되었고, 현재 보안기술의 한계를 극복하기 위한 다양한 5G 보안 연구들이 다 각도로 시도되고 있다. 5G 보안은 이전 세대 보안과는 강한 보안 기능의 설계가 요구된다. 특히 5G 보안 위협 요소들을 식별하고 분석을 통한 5G 네트워크 및 서비스의 보안 아키텍처 설계가 중요한데, 이는 인증, 암호화, 침입탐지 등 기존 보안 메커니즘들이 새로운 5G 기술을 통합되고 수용될 수 있도록 유연하게 설계가 되어야 하기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 해외 3GPP, NGMN, 5G Americas 분석한 5G 보안 요구사항을 살펴보고, 5G 네트워크의 구성요소별 보안 요구사항을 고찰하고자 한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2024

Dipylidium caninum is a cosmopolitan parasite of companion animals such as dogs and cats. Accidental infection in humans occur mostly in children. Although considerable number of cases were reported from Europe and the Americas, case reports of this zoonotic disease are rather scarce from Asian countries. The aim of this study is to report the results of literature survey on dipylidiasis cases in humans in Japan. Conclusively, we have found a total of 17 cases since the first case report in from Aichi Prefecture in 1925.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.55-85
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• 2011

Many States such as Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, California, New Mexico, Florida were obtained either from Spanish Empire or from Mexico. In 1848 due to the Guadalupe-Hidalgo treaty America could obtain half of the original territory of Mexico. American identity cannot be understood without the history of American expansionism further consolidated by the Spanish-American War in 1898, which brought other ex-Spanish colonies such as Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines to the US. The US's interest in these territories dates back to the Monroe doctrine in 1823 when Monroe "declared the Americas off-limits to any new European colonization." America justifies their expansion based on the notion of Manifest Destiny which was created by O'Sullivan at the hight of American fever to annex Texas to US. The intent of this paper is to study how Anglo-Saxon and Latin Culture clashed against each other especially right before and after the Spanish-American War. In this study the American hero, Theodore Roosevelt and Latin American hero, $Jos{\acute{e}}$ Martí will be compared, though they did not meet each other during the Spanish-American war due to Marti's early death in 1895 at the battle for the Cuba Libre. Their comparison is significant in that the former represents the American expansionist spirit and the latter the spirit of Anti-imperialism and Anti-Anglocentrism. Along with the concept of Manifest Destiny of America, 'American exceptionalism' is also mentioned which motivates U.S. to expand further even after the Spanish-American war in the form of 'informal imperialism' characterized by 'gunboat politics'of the US. These discussions will draw attention to how recent theorists such as Bryce Traister criticizes the Border Theory represented by $Jos{\acute{e}}$ David Saldívar. Here the Border Theory is criticized to repeat the discourse of the globalized capitalism which prefers the weak state and the transnational aspects by focusing on the in-betweenness of the border. In the end the paper will focus on how the Border theory as represented by Saldivar is political enough and sets up a resistant example against American expansionism of today in its focus on the call for pan-American and pluri-versal subjectivity of the borderlands. This point will be supported by a discussion of how Saldivar's view is confirmed by Walter Mignolo who advocates the "bottom up" resistance of the indigenous people of Chiapas and other social forums such as World Social Forum and the Social Forum of the Americas derived from the Zapatistas' movement whose motto is "A World in which many world co-exist."

• 영미문화
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.273-295
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• 2009

As Oedipa Mass, the heroine of Thomas Pynchon's The Crying of Lot 49, is apparently associated with Oedipus, the hero in Sophocles' tragedy, this paper aims to show some of their similarities in quest theme and plot development as well as in the use of dramatic irony. Oedipus the King opens with a priest's pleas to relieve the Theban people from a plague and the king's promise to rid its cause by avenging the murder of the former king, as told by the oracle. Lot 49 begins as a Los Angeles law firm informs Oedipa that she is named as the executrix in her former lover Inverarity's will to sort out the mogul's estate. Ironically, however, Oedipus' investigation reveals himself to be the very cause of the national disaster, the murderer for whom he searched. Likewise, Oedipa starts her inquiry dedicating herself to make sense out of what Inverarity had left behind, only to find that the legacy was America. Sophocles and Pynchon both employ dramatic irony to provide a controlling principle for plot development in their works. In Oedipus the King, Sophocles creates mounting tension as well as distance between the reader's knowledge and the protagonist's ignorance, compressing the play's action into the moment that Oedipus discovers his real identity. For dramatic irony, however, Pynchon tends to work through authorial comments and utilize allegorical meanings of the characters' names, directing his novel at illuminating Oedipa's discovery of Inverarity's legacy as well as the meaning of Tristero, an underground postal service system. Unlike Oedipus the King that proceeds on a single line of action, Lot 49 develops in esoteric, multi-layered allusions and intricately-interrelated double strains involving Oedipa's roles as executrix and quester. At the end of Sophocles' tragedy, Oedipus stabs his eyes and decides to live in exile, realizing that, blinded, he begot his children through his mother; Oedipa comes to a painful realization that she allowed her former lover to create death-orienting America without her diversity and moral system in old times. As Oedipa now discovers herself through her search for Tristero, her tragic spirit lies in her determination to confront her binary choices between two Americas: transcendence or entropy, the Tristero possibility or Inverarity's America. Ultimately, Oedipa tries to find who will be the bidder for the Tristero forged stamps designated as lot 49, awaiting the auctioneer's cry and the "crying" of a new-born America.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2015

Caesalpinia sappan is a well-distributed plant that is cultivated in Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Americas. C. sappan has been used in Asian folk medicine and its extract has been shown to have pharmacological effects. Two homoisoflavonoids, sappanol and brazilin, were isolated from C. sappan by using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), and tested for protective effects against retinal cell death. The isolated homoisoflavonoids produced approximately 20-fold inhibition of N-retinylidene-N-retinyl-ethanolamine (A2E) photooxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Of the 2 compounds, brazilin showed better inhibition (197.93 ± 1.59 μM of IC₅₀). Cell viability tests and PI/Hoechst 33342 double staining method indicated that compared to the negative control, sappanol significantly attenuated H₂O₂-induced retinal death. The compounds significantly blunted the up-regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and sappanol inhibited lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, both compounds represent potential antioxidant treatments for retinal diseases. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 289-294]

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.304-318
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• 2014

Bed for elderly and disabled, including the United States developed the industry Americas, and European countries, mainly in the production of products has dominated the world market. In large hospitals, and dependent products are sold at high prices. On the other hand, improvement of living standards of our country and to the advancement of residential culture of the demand for luxury products is increasing. The study of elderly Edition mattresses have been developed mainly in Europe to maximize the use of sleep can increase the efficiency of products has been studied. Due to the increase in elderly population Elderly Hospital, which is installed in the elderly silver town Edition requires the dissemination of the mattress in the bedroom several times a day resting and sleeping, eating, etc. Designing a variety of actions are needed. Edition of the elderly in Korea developed the design of bed with bed design and the manufacturer and the Institute for Ergonomics, welfare agencies and to build organic cooperation system under the direction of a professional designer to develop and you need to configure the space and the results of such actions by the distribution of cheap materials, ergonomic mattress for optimal development of behavior analysis to the need to promote the convenience of the user.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.191-207
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• 2013

Bed for elderly and disabled, including the United States developed the industry Americas, and European countries, mainly in the production of products has dominated the world market. In large hospitals, and dependent products are sold at high prices. On the other hand, improvement of living standards of our country and to the advancement of residential culture of the demand for luxury products is increasing. The study of the elderly Edition mattresses have been developed mainly in Europe to maximize the use of sleep can increase the efficiency of products has been studied. Due to the increase in elderly population Elderly Hospital, which is installed in the elderly silver town Edition requires the dissemination of the mattress in the bedroom several times a day resting and sleeping, eating, etc. Designing a variety of actions are needed. Edition of the elderly in Korea developed the design of bed with bed design and the manufacturer and the Institute for Ergonomics, welfare agencies and to build organic cooperation system under the direction of a professional designer to develop and you need to configure the space and the results of such actions by the distribution of cheap materials, ergonomic mattress for optimal development of behavior analysis to the need to promote the convenience of the user.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Lead and cadmium are potent environmental toxicants that affect populations living in Europe. Americas, and Asia. Identifying transporters for lead and cadmium could potentially 1 help us better understand possible risk factors. The iron transporter, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), mediates intestinal transport of cadmium, and lead in yeast and fobroblasts overexpressing DMT1. In human intestinal cells knocking down expression of DMT1 attenuated uptake of cadmium and iron but not lead. A possible explanation is the expression of a second transporter for lead in intestine. In astrocytes, however, DMT1 appears to transport lead in an extracellular buffer at pH value. At neutral pH, transport was not mediated by DMT1 but rather by a transporter that is stimulated by bicarbonate and inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanatodihydrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid. The identity of this lead transporter will beverified by future study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.10033-10038
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use, beliefs and risk awareness and psychosocial correlates of tobacco use among university students in 24 low, middle and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 16953 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.9, SD=2.9) from 25 universities in 24 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Results indicate that overall 13.3% of the university students were current tobacco users, 22.4% for men and 6.6% for women, ranging from 3.8% in Singapore to 32.5% in Cameroon. The risk awareness of the smoking lung cancer link was 83.6%, while the risk awareness of the smoking heart disease link was 46.5%. Multivariate logistic regression found that older age, male gender, having a wealthy family background, living in a low income country, residing off campus on their own, poor beliefs in the importance not to smoke, awareness of the smoking heart disease link, hit by a sexual partner, depressive symptoms, and substance use (binge drinking and illicit drug use) were associated with current tobacco use.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7235-7239
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• 2014

Cervical cancer, the third commonest cancer in women worldwide, can be prevented through early detection by cervical screening (Pap smear). The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and practice of cervical cancer screening among female undergraduate university students from 25 low, middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 9,194 female undergraduate university students aged 18-26 years (mean age 20.9, SD=2.0) from 26 universities in 25 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Overall, 11.6% of the female students indicated that they had conducted one or more times a cervical (Pap) smear test; 8.3% among 18-20 year-olds and 15.6% among 21-26 year-old students. There was considerable country variation on having had a cervical (Pap) smear test among 21-26 year-old female university students, ranging from 59.2% in Colombia and 50.9% in Barbados to 0% in India and 1.0% in Tunesia. Logistic regression showed that cervical cancer screening importance or positive attitude were highly associated with the cervical screening practice. Moreover, risky sexual behaviour and tobacco use, two cervical cancer risk factors, were associated with screening. Cervical cancer screening practices were found to be inadequate and e fforts should be made to develop programmes that can increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening.